perisinusoidal space
{{Short description|Location in liver between hepatocyte and sinusoid}}
{{Infobox microanatomy
| Name = Perisinusoidal space
| Latin = spatium perisinusoideum
| Image = Sinusoid.jpeg
| Caption = Sinusoid of a rat liver with fenestrated endothelial cells. Fenestrae are approx 100 nm diameter, and the sinusoidal width 5 µm. Scanning electron micrograph by Robin Fraser, University of Otago.
| Image2 = Hepatic structure2.svg
| Caption2 = Basic liver structure
| Precursor =
| System =
| Artery =
| Vein =
| Nerve =
| Lymph =
| Location = Liver
}}
The perisinusoidal space (or space of Disse) is a space between a hepatocyte, and a sinusoid in the liver. It contains the blood plasma. Microvilli of hepatocytes extend into this space, allowing proteins and other plasma components from the sinusoids to be absorbed by the hepatocytes. Fenestration and discontinuity of the sinusoid endothelium facilitates this transport.{{cite book |author1=Robbins, Stanley L. |author2=Cotran, Ramzi S. |author3=Kumar, Vinay |author4=Collins, Tucker |title=Robbins pathologic basis of disease |publisher=Saunders |location=Philadelphia |year=1999 |isbn=0-7216-7335-X }} The perisinusoidal space also contains hepatic stellate cells (also known as Ito cells or lipocytes), which store vitamin A in characteristic lipid droplets.{{cite book |last1=Kumar |first1=Vinay |last2=Abbas |first2=Abul K. |last3=Aster |first3=Jon C. |last4=Robbins |first4=Stanley L. |last5=Perkins |first5=James A. |title=Robbins basic pathology |date=2018 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |isbn=9780323353175 |page=637 |edition=Tenth}}
This space may be obliterated in liver disease, leading to decreased uptake by hepatocytes of nutrients and wastes such as bilirubin.
The Space of Disse is named for the German anatomist Joseph Disse (1852–1912).{{cite journal |author=Haubrich WS |title=Disse of the space of Disse |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=127 |issue=6 |pages=1684 |year=2004 |pmid=15578505 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2004.10.021}}
Pathophysiology
= Fibrosis =
Liver injury from a number of causes can activate the hepatic stellate cells into transdifferentiated and prolific myofibroblasts.{{cite journal |last1=Tacke |first1=F |last2=Weiskirchen |first2=R |title=Update on hepatic stellate cells: pathogenic role in liver fibrosis and novel isolation techniques. |journal=Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology |date=February 2012 |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=67–80 |doi=10.1586/egh.11.92 |pmid=22149583}} The myofibroblasts synthesize and secrete components of the extracellular matrix including collagen into the perisinusoidal space. This in turn promotes the development of fibrosis, and continuing fibrosis is thought to be responsible for the development of cirrhosis, and liver cancer.{{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=S |last2=Zou |first2=Y |last3=Zhang |first3=M |title=Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity and intercellular communication of hepatic stellate cells and macrophages during liver fibrosis. |journal=MedComm |date=October 2023 |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=e378 |doi=10.1002/mco2.378 |pmid=37724132|pmc=10505372 }}
References
External links
- {{UIUCHistologySubject|1317}}
- {{BUHistology|22103loa}} - "Ultrastructure of the Cell: hepatocytes and sinusoids, sinusoid and space of Disse"
- {{BUHistology|15204loa}} - "Liver, Gall Bladder, and Pancreas: liver; sinusoids and Kupffer cells"
- {{UCDavisOrganology|digestive/mammal/liver5/liver7}} - "Mammal, liver (EM, Low)"
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