pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1

PIT1 is part of the POU family of transcription factors.{{cite web|url=https://omim.org/entry/173110|title=POU DOMAIN, CLASS 1, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1; POU1F1|website=Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man|last=O'Neill|first=Marla J.F.|orig-date=Originally authored by Victor A. McKusick on 13 January 1989|date=22 September 2021|access-date=3 January 2024}} It is expressed by somatotrophic cells,{{cite journal | vauthors = Bodner M, Castrillo JL, Theill LE, Deerinck T, Ellisman M, Karin M | title = The pituitary-specific transcription factor GHF-1 is a homeobox-containing protein | journal = Cell | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 505–518 | year = 1988 | pmid = 2902927 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90037-2 | s2cid = 26376487 }} as well as thyrotrophs{{cite journal|vauthors=Vallette-Kasic S, Pellegrini-Bouiller I, Sampieri F, Gunz G, Diaz A, Radovic S, Enjalbert A, Brue T|year=2001|volume=15|issue=3|journal=Molecular Endocrinology|title=Combined Pituitary Hormone Deficiency due to the F135C Human Pit-1 (Pituitary-Specific Factor 1) Gene Mutation: Functional and Structural Correlates|pages=411–420|doi=10.1210/mend.15.3.0601|doi-access=free|pmid=11222742}} and lactotrophs{{cite journal|vauthors=Cohen LE, Wondisford FE, Radovick S|title=Role of Pit-1 in the gene expression of growth hormone, prolactin, and thyrotropin|journal=Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America|volume=25|issue=3|pages=523–540|doi=10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70339-x|pmid=8879985|year=1996}} of the anterior pituitary gland. It contains a C-terminal domain for transactivation. Another domain is DNA binding—its C-terminal portion is homologous to the homeodomain consensus, common to many genes involved in development, while the other portion is POU specific, affords PIT1 specificity in its transcriptional activation of the prolactin and growth hormone genes and is involved in protein-protein interactions. Activity on thyroid stimulating hormone-beta expression is also known for PIT1.

Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 has been shown to interact with GATA2{{cite journal | vauthors = Dasen JS, O'Connell SM, Flynn SE, Treier M, Gleiberman AS, Szeto DP, Hooshmand F, Aggarwal AK, Rosenfeld MG | title = Reciprocal interactions of Pit1 and GATA2 mediate signaling gradient-induced determination of pituitary cell types | journal = Cell | volume = 97 | issue = 5 | pages = 587–98 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10367888 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80770-9 | s2cid = 15737684 | doi-access = free }} and PITX1.{{cite journal | vauthors = Szeto DP, Ryan AK, O'Connell SM, Rosenfeld MG | title = P-OTX: a PIT-1-interacting homeodomain factor expressed during anterior pituitary gland development | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 93 | issue = 15 | pages = 7706–10 | date = July 1996 | pmid = 8755540 | pmc = 38811 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.15.7706 | bibcode = 1996PNAS...93.7706S | doi-access = free }}

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{{refend}}

• {{MeshName|PIT1+protein,+human}}
• {{MeshName|Transcription+Factor+Pit-1}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=5449}}

{{Transcription factors|g3}}

Category:POU-domain proteins

{{biochemistry-stub}}