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posidonia

{{Short description|Genus of aquatic plants}}

{{Other uses}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Maastrichtian|recent|Maastrichtian - recent{{cite journal | last1=Aires | first1=T | last2=Marbà | first2=N | last3=Cunha | first3=RL | last4=Kendrick | first4=GA | last5=Walker | first5=DI | last6=Serrão | first6=EA | last7=Duarte | first7=CM | last8=Arnaud-Haond | first8=S | title=Evolutionary history of the seagrass genus Posidonia | journal=Marine Ecology Progress Series | publisher=Inter-Research Science Center | volume=421 | date=2011-01-17 | issn=0171-8630 | doi=10.3354/meps08879 | pages=117–130| bibcode=2011MEPS..421..117A | doi-access=free }}}}

|image = Posidonia oceanica (L).jpg

|image_caption = Posidonia oceanica

|parent_authority = Hutch.{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}

|taxon = Posidonia

|authority = K.D.Koenig

|type_species = Posidonia oceanica

|type_species_authority = L.

|range_map = Posidonia range map.png

|range_map_caption = Posidonia distribution range

|subdivision_ranks = Species

|subdivision = See text

|synonyms =

  • Aegle {{small|Dulac}}
  • Alga {{small|Boehm.}}
  • Caulinia {{small|DC., nom. illeg.}}
  • Kernera {{small|Willd., nom. illeg.}}
  • Posidonion {{small|St.-Lag., orth. var.}}
  • Taenidium {{small|Targ.Tozz.}}

|synonyms_ref = {{cite web |title=Posidonia K.D.Koenig |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331267-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=26 May 2025}}

}}

Posidonia is a genus of flowering plants. It contains nine species of marine plants{{cite journal |author1=Christenhusz, M. J. M. |author2=Byng, J. W. |name-list-style=amp | year = 2016 | title = The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 261 | pages = 201–217 | url = http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 | issue = 3 | publisher = Magnolia Press | doi-access = free }} ("seagrass"), found in the seas of the Mediterranean and around the south coast of Australia.

The APG system (1998) and APG II system (2003) accept this genus as constituting the sole genus in the family Posidoniaceae, which it places in the order Alismatales, in the clade monocots. The AP-Website[http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/alismatalesweb.htm#Alismatales AP-Website] concludes that the three families Cymodoceaceae, Posidoniaceae and Ruppiaceae form a monophyletic group. Earlier systems classified this genus in the family Potamogetonaceae or in the family Posidoniaceae but belonging to order Zosterales.

Posidonia oceanica has nitrogen fixation capabilities via symbiosis and other species may as well.{{cite journal |last1=Mohr |first1=Wiebke |title=Terrestrial-type nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between seagrass and a marine bacterium |journal=Nature |date=3 November 2021 |volume=600 |issue=7887 |pages=105–109 |doi=10.1038/s41586-021-04063-4 |pmid=34732889 |doi-access=free |pmc=8636270 |bibcode=2021Natur.600..105M }}

Species

This is a list of species that are contained by the genus:{{Cite web|url=http://www.bsb.murdoch.edu.au/groups/seagrass/posidonia.html|title=The genus Posidonia König (nom. cons.) (Posidoniaceae).|author= Mike van Keulen|publisher=Murdoch University}}

The species described by Linnaeus, Posidonia oceanica, is found in the Mediterranean; the rest are located around the southern coast of Australia. Some species are endemic seagrasses of Western Australia, all the Australian species are found in that region's diverse habitats.

This arrangement was divided into two complexes: the Posidonia australis and Posidonia ostenfeldii groups.Kuo, J. and McComb, A.J. (1989) In: "Biology of Seagrasses. A treatise on the biology of seagrasses with special reference to the Australian region." (Eds. A.W.D. Larkum, A.J. McComb, S.A. Shepherd) (Aquatic Plant Studies 2) (Elsevier, Amsteredam). p. 6-73 f. Keulen Some species descriptions may only be regional characteristics, and may need further revision.{{cite journal|last=Campey|first=M.L.|author2=Waycott M.|author3=Kendrick G.A.|date=January 2000|title=Re-evaluating species boundaries among members of the Posidonia ostenfeldii species complex (Posidoniaceae) – morphological and genetic variation|journal=Aquatic Botany|volume=66|issue=1|pages=41–56(16) Research article|url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/els/03043770/2000/00000066/00000001/art00015|doi=10.1016/S0304-3770(99)00015-7|bibcode=2000AqBot..66...41C |access-date=2008-11-04|archive-date=2020-05-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200511145955/https://www.ingentaconnect.com/els/03043770/2000/00000066/00000001/art00015|url-status=dead|url-access=subscription}}

In 2006 a clonal colony of P. oceanica was discovered south of the island of Ibiza which measured 8 km across and is possibly up to 100,000 years old.{{cite web|url=http://www.ibiza-spotlight.com/node/76071|title= Ibiza's Monster Marine Plant|access-date= 2014-08-13|author= Ibiza Spotlight|date= 28 May 2006}}

Taxonomy

{{Empty section|date=November 2021}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

  • {{Commons-inline|2=Posidonia}}
  • {{APNI|name=Posidonia K.D.Koenig nom. cons.|id=2346}}
  • [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/www/Posidoni.htm Posidoniaceae] in L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards) [https://web.archive.org/web/20101213041459/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ The families of flowering plants].
  • [http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Posidonia&SPECIES_XREF=&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK= Flora Europaea: Posidonia]

{{Angiosperm families}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q877147}}

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Category:Alismatales genera

Category:Taxa named by Charles Konig