pterygoid hamulus
{{Short description|Hook-like process of the sphenoid bone of the skull}}
{{Infobox bone
| Name = Pterygoid hamulus
| Latin = hamulus pterygoideus
| Image = File:Gray146.png
| Caption = Sphenoid bone. Anterior and inferior surfaces. (Hamulus labeled at bottom left.)
| Image2 = File:Gray194.png
| Caption2 = Sagittal section of skull. (Sphenoid is in yellow, and pterygoid hamulus labeled at bottom center.)
| PartOf = Sphenoid bone of skull
| System = Skeletal
}}
The pterygoid hamulus is a hook-like process at the lower extremity of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone of the skull. It is the superior origin of the pterygomandibular raphe, and the tensor veli palatini muscle courses around it before inserting into the palatine aponeurosis.
Structure
The pterygoid hamulus is part of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone of the skull. Its tip is rounded off.{{Cite journal|last1=Putz|first1=R.|last2=Kroyer|first2=A.|date=1 January 1999|title=Functional morphology of the pterygoid hamulus|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/S0940-9602(99)80099-5|journal=Anatomischer Anzeiger|volume=181|issue=1|pages=85–88|doi=10.1016/s0940-9602(99)80099-5|issn=1618-0402|pmid=10081567|url-access=subscription}} It has an average length of 7.2 mm, an average depth of 1.4 mm, and an average width of 2.3 mm. The tendon of tensor veli palatini muscle glides around it.
Function
The pterygoid hamulus is the superior origin of the pterygomandibular raphe. It is also the origin of levator veli palatini muscle.
Clinical significance
Rarely, the pterygoid hamulus may be enlarged, which may cause mouth pain.{{Cite journal|last1=Sasaki|first1=T.|last2=Imai|first2=Y.|last3=Fujibayashi|first3=T.|date=2001|title=A case of elongated pterygoid hamulus syndrome|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2001.70212.x|journal=Oral Diseases|language=en|volume=7|issue=2|pages=131–133|doi=10.1034/j.1601-0825.2001.70212.x|pmid=11355439 |issn=1601-0825|url-access=subscription}}
See also
References
{{Gray's}}
External links
- {{SUNYAnatomyFigs|22|4b|05}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.tk.de/rochelexikon/pics/s05287.011-1.html|title=Anatomy diagram: 05287.011-1|work= Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator|publisher= Elsevier|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422112902/http://www.tk.de/rochelexikon/pics/s05287.011-1.html|archivedate=2013-04-22}}
{{Skull}}
{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}
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