pygarg

File:Addax_nasomaculatus_Zoo_Praha_2011-1.jpg (Addax nasomaculatus), possibly the original dishon/pygarg.]]

The pygarg ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|aɪ|g|ɑː|g}}) is an animal mentioned in the Bible in {{Bibleverse|Deuteronomy|14:5|KJV}} as one of the animals permitted for food. The Septuagint translates the Hebrew yachmur (יחמור) as {{Transliteration|grc|pygargos}} in Koiné Greek ("white-rumped", from wikt:πυγή "buttocks" and wikt:ἀργός "white"),{{OED|pygarg}} and the King James Version takes from there its term pygarg.

Henry Baker Tristram (1867) proposed that the pygarg was the Saharan antelope addax and described it as "a large animal, over {{convert|3+1/2|ft|0|abbr=out|disp=sqbr}} high at the shoulder, and, with its gently-twisted horns, {{convert|2+1/2|ft|cm|-1|abbr=out|disp=sqbr}} feet long. Its colour is pure white, with the exception of a short black mane, and a tinge of tawny on the shoulders and back".Henry Baker Tristram, The Natural History of the Bible (1867).

Outside the biblical use, the term was also applied to the Siberian roe deer in the 18th century,{{cite book|last=Pallas|first=P.S. |author-link=Peter Simon Pallas |title=Voyages du professeur Pallas, dans plusieurs provinces de l'Empire de Russie et dans l'Asie septentrionale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SQ5UAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA25 |year=1793|page=25 | language = Latin, French}} whose specific name is {{lang|la|{{linktext|pygargus}}}} in scientific Latin. This deer, like other roe deer, has a white rump, which is consistent with the Septuagint translation while the addax is all-white during the summer (rather than just having a white rump).