rho Scorpii
{{Short description|Multiple stellar system in the constellation Scorpius}}
{{Starbox begin
| name = ρ Scorpii
}}
{{Starbox image
| image=
{{Location mark
|image=Scorpius constellation map.svg|alt=|float=center|width=240
|label=|position=right
|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=10|mark_link=ρ Sco
|x=807|y=496
}}
|caption=Location of ρ Scorpii (circled)
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch = J2000
| constell = Scorpius
| dec = {{DEC|-29|12|50.6612}}
}}
{{Starbox character
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| parallax = 6.91
| p_error = 0.19
}}
{{Starbox orbit
| primary =
| name =
| period_unitless = 4.0033 d
| axis =
| axis_unitless =
| eccentricity = 0.27
| inclination =
| node =
| periastron = 2442178.6060 JD
| periarg = 231
| periarg_primary =
| k1 = 16.40
| k2 =
}}
{{Starbox detail
| luminosity_bolometric = 3,432
| metal_fe =
| gravity =
| age=
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names = Iklil, 5 Scorpii, ADS 9846, CCDM J15569-2913A, FK5 3258, GC 21398, HD 142669, HIP 78104, HR 5928, SAO 183957, CD−28°11714
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = rho+Sco
}}
{{Starbox end}}
Rho Scorpii (ρ Scorpii, abbreviated Rho Sco, ρ Sco) is a double star in the constellation of Scorpius. It has an apparent visual magnitude of +3.87, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located approximately 472 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the system is reduced by 0.07 due to extinction from interstellar dust. It is a member of the Upper Scorpius OB association.
It has two components, designated Rho Scorpii A and B. Rho Scorpii A is itself a single-lined spectroscopic binary whose components are designated Rho Scorpii Aa (formally named Iklil {{IPAc-en|'|I|k|l|I|l}}, traditionally the name for several neighboring stars){{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/public/themes/naming_stars/ | title=Naming Stars |publisher=IAU.org |access-date=16 December 2017}} and Ab.
Nomenclature
ρ Scorpii (Latinised to Rho Scorpii) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the three constituents as Rho Scorpii A and B, and those of A's components - Rho Scorpii Aa and Ab - derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).{{cite arXiv |title=On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets |date=2010 |eprint=1012.0707 |class=astro-ph.SR |last1= Hessman |first1=F. V. |last2= Dhillon |first2=V. S. |last3= Winget |first3=D. E. |last4= Schreiber |first4=M. R. |last5= Horne |first5=K. |last6= Marsh |first6=T. R. |last7= Guenther |first7=E. |last8= Schwope |first8=A. |last9= Heber |first9=U. }}
Rho Scorpii was likely part of the Arabic lunar mansion of Iklil (الإكليل al-ʼiklīl) "the crown (of the forehead)"), along with Beta, Delta, Pi and possibly Nu Scorpii.
The corresponding asterism in Chinese astronomy, {{lang|zh|房宿}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Fáng Xiù}}), meaning Room, consists of Rho Scorpii, Pi Scorpii, Delta Scorpii, Beta¹ Scorpii and Beta² Scorpii.{{in lang|zh}} 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, {{ISBN|978-986-7332-25-7}}. Consequently, the Chinese name for ρ Scorpii itself is {{lang|zh|房宿二}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Fáng Xiù èr}}), "the Second Star of Room".{{in lang|zh}} [http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/c_research_chinengstars_ala_alz.htm 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081025110153/http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/c_research_chinengstars_ala_alz.htm |date=2008-10-25 }}, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN){{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ | title=IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)|access-date=22 May 2016}} to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.{{cite web | url=https://www.iau.org/static/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/wg-starnames-triennial-report-2015-2018.pdf | page=5 | title=WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names |access-date=2018-07-14}} It approved the name Iklil for the component Rho Scorpii Aa on 5 September 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.
Properties
Rho Scorpii A displays the spectrum of blue-white B-type subgiant with a stellar classification of B2 IV. It has an estimated mass nearly 8 times that of the Sun's and shines with 3,432 times the Sun's luminosity. The two constituent stars orbit each other with a period of 4 days and an eccentricity of 0.27.
Rho Scorpii B is a magnitude 12.80 visual companion that lies at an angular separation of 38.40 arcseconds along a position angle of 95°, as of the year 2000.
References
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| title=New constraints on the multiplicity of massive young stars in Upper Scorpius
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| title=rho Sco
| accessdate=2016-09-22 | postscript=. }}
}}
External links
- {{citation
| first1=James B. | last1=Kaler | date=June 20, 2008
| title=Rho Scorpii | work=Stars | publisher=University of Illinois
| url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/rhosco.html
| access-date=2016-09-23 | postscript=. }}
{{Stars of Scorpius|state=collapsed}}