ribattuta
Ribattuta or Ribattuta di gola is a musical ornament found in Italian and German works of the 17th and 18th centuries.
Execution
The ornament is a trill on a long-short dotted rhythm accelerating to end on either a tremolo or a regular trill.{{cite book|last=Randel|first=Don Michael|title=The New Harvard Dictionary of Music|year=1986|publisher=Harvard|location=Harvard|isbn=0-674-61525-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newharvarddictio00rand/page/706 706]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/newharvarddictio00rand/page/706}}
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Sources
The ornament is described by Mattheson (1739),{{cite book|last=Mattheson|first=Johann|title=Der vollkommene Capellmeister|year=1739|location=Hamburg}} Spiess (1745),{{cite book |last=Spiess |first=Meinrad |title=Tractatus musicus compositorio-practicus|publisher=Augsburg|year=1745}} and Marpurg (1749).{{cite book|last=Marpurg|first=Friedrich Wilhlem|title=Des cristischen Musicus an der Spree erster Band (collected issues of the journal Der critische Musicus 1749-1750)|year=1750|location=Berlin}}
Frederick Neumann{{cite book|last=Neumann|first=Frederick|title=Ornamentation in Baroque and Post-Baroque Music|year=1978|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton|isbn=0-691-09123-4|pages=367, 372}} notes the trill following the dotted preparation is a main-note trill (that is, starting on the written note), and he cautions against use of the term as a general descriptor for dotted alternation as a prelude to a trill.
Nomenclature
Italian: ribattuta (f) di gola
German: der Zurückschlag{{cite book|last=Leuchtmann|first=Horst|title=Terminorum musicae index septem linguis redactus|year=1979|publisher=Bärenreiter|location=Kassel|isbn=3-7618-0553-5}} or der gedehnte oder punctirte Triller (Mattheson)
English: ribattuta
French: ribattuta (f) or tour de gosier (Marpurg) or cadence pleine à progression (Lacassagne){{cite book|last=Lacassagne|first=L'abbe Joseph|title=Traité géneral des élements du chant|year=1766|location=Paris}} or double cadence (Bérard-Blanchet){{cite book|last=Bérard|first=Jean-Antoine|title=L'Art du chant|year=1755|location=Paris}}