roanne

Roanne is known for gastronomy (largely because of the famous Troisgros family), textiles, agriculture and manufacturing tanks.

Roanne station has rail connections to Clermont-Ferrand, Saint-Étienne, Moulins and Lyon.

The Roanne region produces, particularly, fresh red wines designated as of the Cote Roannaise.{{Cite web |title=The Côte Roannaise and its vineyards |url=https://www.roannais-tourisme.com/en/gastronomie/vignoble-cote-roannaise/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=Roannais Tourisme |language=en}}

File:Office de Tourisme du Roannais.jpg

The toponymy is Gaulish, Rod-Onna ("flowing water") which became Rodumna, then Rouhanne and Roanne. The town was sited at a strategic point, the head of navigation on the Loire, below its narrow gorges. As a trans-shipping point, its importance declined with the collapse of long-distance trade after the fourth century. In the twelfth century, the site passed to the comte du Forez, under whose care it began to recover. An overland route led to Lyon and the Rhône, thus Roanne developed as a transshipping point between Paris and the Mediterranean in early modern France, when waterways were at least as important as roads.

The renewed navigation on the Loire encouraged the export of local products: wines, including casks of Beaujolais that had been shipped overland, ceramics, textiles, and after 1785, coal from Saint-Étienne, which had formerly been onloaded upstream at Saint-Rambert, since river improvements at the beginning of the century. Sturdy goods were rafted downriver on sapinières that were dismantled after use. Half the population of seventeenth and eighteenth-century Roanne depended in some way on this transportation economy: merchants and factors, carriers, carpenters and coopers, master-boatmen and their journeymen and oarsmen, and waterfront laborers (Braudel p360f).

Roanne was one of the first towns served by railroad, with the opening, 15 March 1833, of the terminal on the right bank at the port of Varennes of the third line, from Andrézieux. Following came the opening of the canal from Roanne to Digoin (1838), which placed the city in the forefront of the French Industrial Revolution.

In 1917 the arsenal was established at Roanne, and from 1940 a new industry developed, producing rayon and other new fibers. In the post-industrial phase that set in during the 1970s, Roanne struggled to find new industry and attract tourism.

The 18th-century actor, playwright and revolutionary Antoine Dorfeuille (1754–1795) was murdered in Roanne.

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 2

| percentages = pagr

| source = EHESS{{Cassini-Ehess|29290|Roanne}} and INSEE (1968–2017)[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-42187#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE

| graph-pos = bottom

|1793 |8500

|1800 |6992

|1806 |7270

|1821 |8370

|1831 |9260

|1836 |9910

|1841 |11330

|1846 |12959

|1851 |13397

|1856 |15139

|1861 |17398

|1866 |19354

|1872 |20037

|1876 |22797

|1881 |25425

|1886 |30402

|1891 |31380

|1896 |33912

|1901 |34901

|1906 |35516

|1911 |36697

|1921 |37752

|1926 |38469

|1931 |40502

|1936 |41460

|1946 |44518

|1954 |46501

|1962 |51731

|1968 |53381

|1975 |55195

|1982 |48705

|1990 |41756

|1999 |38896

|2007 |35750

|2012 |35799

|2017 |34366

}}

The city is home to Chorale Roanne Basket, two-time champion of France's top basketball league LNB Pro A. The team plays its home games at the Halle André Vacheresse.

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Roanne was the birthplace of:

• Édouard Carpentier, (1926–2010) professional wrestler
• Laurent Chabry (1855–1894), biologist who worked in the flying mechanisms of birds and insects
• Jean-Baptiste Nompère de Champagny (1756–1834) was a French politician
• Joseph Déchelette (1862–1914), archaeologist
• Henri Dentz (1881–1945), French Army officer and collaborator
• Pierre Étaix (born 1928), film director
• Jean-Pierre Jeunet (born 1953), film director
• {{ill|Jean-Luc Lavrille|fr}} (born 1952), poet
• René Leriche (1870–1955), surgeon
• David Ramseyer, basketball player
• Michel Troisgros (born 1958), Michelin-starred chef, La Maison Troisgros
• Antoine Vermorel-Marques (born 1993), Member of Parliament

Roanne is twinned with:{{cite web |title=Villes jumelées|url=https://www.aggloroanne.fr/ville-et-agglo/ville-de-roanne/villes-jumelees-144.html|website=aggloroanne.fr|publisher=Roanne|language=fr|access-date=2019-11-20}}

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• {{flagicon|ESP}} Guadalajara, Spain
• {{flagicon|POL}} Legnica, Poland
• {{flagicon|ITA}} Montevarchi, Italy
• {{flagicon|UK}} Nuneaton and Bedworth, United Kingdom
• {{flagicon|ROU}} Piatra Neamţ, Romania
• {{flagicon|GER}} Reutlingen, Germany

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{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|location = Roanne (Saint-Léger-sur-Roanne), elevation {{convert|337|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (2005–2020 normals, extremes 2005–present)

|Jan record high C = 18.3

|Feb record high C = 21.7

|Mar record high C = 25.2

|Apr record high C = 29.0

|May record high C = 33.7

|Jun record high C = 39.3

|Jul record high C = 39.8

|Aug record high C = 41.4

|Sep record high C = 35.2

|Oct record high C = 31.8

|Nov record high C = 22.2

|Dec record high C = 19.4

|Jan record low C = -12.8

|Feb record low C = -15.6

|Mar record low C = -7.1

|Apr record low C = -5.0

|May record low C = -0.4

|Jun record low C = 4.2

|Jul record low C = 7.2

|Aug record low C = 4.8

|Sep record low C = 0.9

|Oct record low C = -5.2

|Nov record low C = -7.4

|Dec record low C = -11.1

|Jan high C = 7.3

|Feb high C = 8.6

|Mar high C = 12.6

|Apr high C = 16.9

|May high C = 20.0

|Jun high C = 24.3

|Jul high C = 26.7

|Aug high C = 26.0

|Sep high C = 22.3

|Oct high C = 17.5

|Nov high C = 11.7

|Dec high C = 8.1

| year high C = 16.8

|Jan mean C = 3.9

|Feb mean C = 4.5

|Mar mean C = 7.6

|Apr mean C = 11.1

|May mean C = 14.4

|Jun mean C = 18.5

|Jul mean C = 20.6

|Aug mean C = 19.9

|Sep mean C = 16.4

|Oct mean C = 12.7

|Nov mean C = 7.8

|Dec mean C = 4.6

| year mean C = 11.8

|Jan low C = 0.5

|Feb low C = 0.3

|Mar low C = 2.5

|Apr low C = 5.4

|May low C = 8.9

|Jun low C = 12.6

|Jul low C = 14.5

|Aug low C = 13.7

|Sep low C = 10.5

|Oct low C = 8.0

|Nov low C = 3.9

|Dec low C = 1.0

| year low C = 6.8

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 36.9

|Feb precipitation mm = 29.7

|Mar precipitation mm = 41.8

|Apr precipitation mm = 50.2

|May precipitation mm = 75.5

|Jun precipitation mm = 75.5

|Jul precipitation mm = 81.0

|Aug precipitation mm = 66.1

|Sep precipitation mm = 54.6

|Oct precipitation mm = 57.6

|Nov precipitation mm = 57.8

|Dec precipitation mm = 41.4

|year precipitation mm = 668.1

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 8.2

| Feb precipitation days = 7.8

| Mar precipitation days = 8.4

| Apr precipitation days = 7.9

| May precipitation days = 11.4

| Jun precipitation days = 8.7

| Jul precipitation days = 8.4

| Aug precipitation days = 7.9

| Sep precipitation days = 6.7

| Oct precipitation days = 7.4

| Nov precipitation days = 8.8

| Dec precipitation days = 10.0

| year precipitation days =101.6

|source 1 = Meteociel{{cite web

|url=https://www.meteociel.fr/obs/clim/normales_records.php?code=42253001

|title=Normales et records pour Saint-Léger-sur-Roanne (42)

|publisher=Meteociel

|access-date=14 December 2024}}}}

{{reflist}}

• Braudel, Fernand, 1982. The Wheels of Commerce, vol. II of Civilization and Capitalism p. 360.

• {{official website|http://www.mairie-roanne.fr/ }}

{{commons category}}

{{Loire communes}}

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Category:Communes of Loire (department)

Category:Subprefectures in France

Category:Segusiavi

Category:Forez