sage oil
{{Short description|Steam distillation of Salvia officinalis}}
Sage oils are essential oils that come in several varieties:
Dalmatian sage oil
Also called English, Garden, and True sage oil. Made by steam distillation of Salvia officinalis partially dried leaves. Yields range from 0.5 to 1.0%. A colorless to yellow liquid with a warm camphoraceous, thujone-like odor and sharp and bitter taste. The main components of the oil are thujone (50%), camphor, pinene, and cineol.{{citation | author=Karl-Georg Fahlbusch |display-authors=etal | contribution=Flavors and Fragrances | title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | edition=7th | publisher=Wiley | year=2007 | doi=10.1002/14356007.a11_141 | page=113}}
Clary sage oil
Sometimes called muscatel. Made by steam or water distillation of Salvia sclarea flowering tops and foliage. Yields range from 0.7 to 1.5%. A pale yellow to yellow liquid with a herbaceous odor and a winelike bouquet. Produced in large quantities in France, Russia and Morocco. The oil contains linalyl acetate, linalool and other terpene alcohols (sclareol), as well as their acetates.{{citation | entry=CLARY OIL | author=George A. Burdock | title=Fenaroli's Handbook of Flavor Ingredients | edition=6th | publisher=Taylor & Francis | year=2010 | pages=327–328 | isbn=978-1-4200-9077-2}}
Spanish sage oil
Made by steam distillation of the leaves and twigs of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (syn. S. lavandulifolia). A colorless to pale yellow liquid with the characteristic camphoraceous odor. Unlike Dalmatian sage oil, Spanish sage oil contains no or only traces of thujone; camphor and eucalyptol are the major components.
Greek sage oil
Made by steam distillation of Salvia triloba leaves. Grows in Greece and Turkey. Yields range from 0.25% to 4%. The oil contains camphor, thujone, and pinene, the dominant component being eucalyptol.{{citation | author=Ivana Cvetkovikj |display-authors=etal | title=Essential oil composition of Salvia fruticosa Mill. populations from Balkan Peninsula | journal=Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin | volume=61 | issue=1 | year=2015 | url=http://bulletin.mfd.org.mk/volumes/Volume%2061_1/61_1_004.pdf}}
Judaean sage oil
Made by steam distillation of Salvia judaica leaves. The oil contains mainly cubebene and ledol.{{citation | author=Andrea Böszörményi |display-authors=etal | title=Chemical and Genetic Relationships among Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Cultivars and Judean Sage (Salvia judaica Boiss.) | journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume=57 | issue=11 | year=2009 | doi=10.1021/jf9005092}}