schaffhausen

The town is first mentioned in 1045 as Villa Scafhusun. There are at least two theories on the origin of this name:

• One relates to a mention of a "ford" across the Rhine that first occurs in 1050. This "ford" may actually refer to a scapha or skiff which was used to disembark goods coming from Constance to move them around the Rhine Falls. The name Scafhusun then arose from the scapha used at that point.

Compare: {{EB1911|noprescript=1|wstitle= Schaffhausen (town)}} "[...] in 1050 we hear of the “ford” there across the Rhine. Hence it is probable that the name is really derived from scapha, a skid, as here goods coming from Constance were disembarked in consequence of the falls of the Rhine a little below."

• Another theory is that Scafhusun comes from Schaf (a sheep), as a ram (now a sheep) formed the ancient arms (traceable to 1049) of the town, derived from those of its founders, the counts of Nellenburg.

Compare: {{EB1911|noprescript=1|wstitle= Schaffhausen (town)}}

"Some writers, however, prefer the derivation from Schaf (a sheep), as a ram (now a sheep) formed the ancient arms of the town, derived from those of its founders, the counts of Nellenburg."

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Or on a Base Vert issuant from sinister a Semi Castle Argent with tower with entrance from which is issuing a Semi Ram Sable.[http://www.fotw.us/flags/ch-sh023.html Flags of the World.com] accessed 22-December-2009 The canting coat of arms refers to the second interpretation of the name, sheep-house.

File:ETH-BIB-Schaffhausen-Inlandflüge-LBS MH01-000921.tif (1919)]]

Schaffhausen was a city state in the Middle Ages, documented to have struck its own coins from 1045.{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Schaffhausen (town)|volume=24|page=312}} About 1050 the counts of Nellenburg founded the Benedictine monastery of All Saints, which became the centre of the town. Perhaps as early as 1190, certainly in 1208, it was an imperial free city, while the first seal dates from 1253. The powers of the abbot were gradually limited and in 1277 the Emperor Rudolf I gave the town a charter of liberties. In 1330 the emperor Louis of Bavaria pledged it to the Habsburgs. In the early 15th century, Habsburg power over the city waned. In 1349 and 1401 (Schaffhausen Massacre), two pogroms occurred in the city.{{cite web |last1=Denzel |first1=Ralph |title=Wie 1401 ein Gerücht allen Juden in Schaffhausen das Leben kostete|url=https://www.shn.ch/region/stadt/2018-09-17/wie-1401-ein-geruecht-allen-juden-in-schaffhausen-das-leben-kostete |publisher=Schaffhauser Nachrichten|access-date=18 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418162357/https://www.shn.ch/region/stadt/2018-09-17/wie-1401-ein-geruecht-allen-juden-in-schaffhausen-das-leben-kostete |archive-date=18 April 2023 |date=17 September 2018}} By 1411 the guilds ruled the city. Then, in 1415 the Habsburg Duke Frederick IV of Austria sided with the Antipope John XXIII at the Council of Constance, and was banned by the Emperor Sigismund. As a result of the ban and Frederick's need of money, Schaffhausen was able to buy its independence from the Habsburgs in 1418. The city allied with six of the Swiss confederates in 1454 and allied with a further two (Uri and Unterwalden) in 1479. Schaffhausen became a full member of the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1501.

The Reformation was adopted, initially, in 1524 and completely in 1529. The town was heavily damaged during the Thirty Years' War by the passage of Swedish (Protestant) and Bavarian (Roman Catholic) troops and the very important bridge was burnt down. It was not until the early 19th century that the arrested industrial development of the town recommenced. In 1857, the first railroad, the Rheinfallbahn, running from Winterthur, reached Schaffhausen.[http://www.sh.ch/Zahlen-und-Fakten.463.0.html Canton Schaffhausen website-Numbers and facts] accessed 18 April 2009. {{in lang|de}}

Schaffhausen is located in a finger of Swiss territory surrounded on three sides by Germany. On 1 April 1944, Schaffhausen suffered a bombing raid by aircraft of the United States Army Air Forces, which strayed from German airspace into neutral Switzerland due to navigation errors. Air raid sirens had often sounded in the past, without an actual attack, so many residents ignored the sirens that day. A total of 40 civilians were killed in the raid. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt sent a personal letter of apology to the mayor of Schaffhausen and the United States quickly offered four million US dollars in reparations.{{Cite news |url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/schaffhausen-bombed_70th-anniversary-of-mistaken-us-attack/38278804 |title=70th anniversary of mistaken US attack |work=SWI swissinfo.ch |access-date=29 May 2018 |language=en}}

The town of Schaffhausen stands on the right bank of the river Rhine. It has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey) of {{Swiss area|2939|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|2939|QUELLE}} Of this area, about 20.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 53.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 24.8% is settled (buildings or roads) and 1.6% is unproductive land. Over the past two decades (1979/85-2004/09) the amount of land that is settled has increased by {{convert|95|ha|acre|abbr=on}} and the agricultural land has decreased by {{convert|117|ha|acre|abbr=on}}.[https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/regionalstatistik/regionale-portraets-kennzahlen/gemeinden/daten-erlaeuterungen.assetdetail.328115.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Regional portraits] accessed 27 October 2016

In 1947 it merged with the former municipality of Buchthalen. Its area expanded again in 1964 when Herblingen was absorbed and for a third time in 2009 when Hemmental joined the municipality.{{HDS|1281|Schaffhausen}}

Schaffhausen shares an international border with the German village of Büsingen am Hochrhein, an enclave entirely surrounded by Switzerland.

Schaffhausen has an average of 122.5 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives {{convert|907|mm|in|abbr=on}} of precipitation. The wettest month is July during which time Schaffhausen receives an average of {{convert|95|mm|in|abbr=on}} of rain. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 11.3 days. The driest month of the year is February with an average of {{convert|59|mm|in|abbr=on}} of precipitation over 8.4 days.{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131201028/http://www.meteoschweiz.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/SHA/climsheet_SHA_np8110_d.pdf |archive-date=31 January 2018 |url=http://www.meteoschweiz.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/SHA/climsheet_SHA_np8110_d.pdf |title =Climate normals Schaffhausen, Reference period 1981−2010 |publisher=Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology - MeteoSwiss |location=Zurich Airport, Switzerland |date=2 July 2014 |access-date=21 November 2015}}

{{Weather box

| location = Schaffhausen, elevation {{convert|438|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020)

| metric first = Yes

| single line = Yes

| Jan high C = 3.3

| Feb high C = 5.4

| Mar high C = 10.7

| Apr high C = 15.4

| May high C = 19.5

| Jun high C = 23.1

| Jul high C = 25.1

| Aug high C = 24.6

| Sep high C = 19.7

| Oct high C = 14.0

| Nov high C = 7.5

| Dec high C = 3.8

| year high C = 14.3

| Jan mean C = 0.7

| Feb mean C = 1.7

| Mar mean C = 5.8

| Apr mean C = 9.9

| May mean C = 14.0

| Jun mean C = 17.6

| Jul mean C = 19.3

| Aug mean C = 18.8

| Sep mean C = 14.5

| Oct mean C = 9.8

| Nov mean C = 4.7

| Dec mean C = 1.5

| year mean C = 9.9

| Jan low C = -1.7

| Feb low C = -1.6

| Mar low C = 1.5

| Apr low C = 4.7

| May low C = 8.9

| Jun low C = 12.4

| Jul low C = 14.1

| Aug low C = 13.9

| Sep low C = 10.2

| Oct low C = 6.4

| Nov low C = 2.1

| Dec low C = -0.9

| year low C = 5.8

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 72.4

|Feb precipitation mm = 59.8

|Mar precipitation mm = 64.1

|Apr precipitation mm = 67.8

|May precipitation mm = 100.3

|Jun precipitation mm = 95.4

|Jul precipitation mm = 103.4

|Aug precipitation mm = 95.3

|Sep precipitation mm = 71.8

|Oct precipitation mm = 76.7

|Nov precipitation mm = 72.7

|Dec precipitation mm = 86.0

|year precipitation mm = 965.7

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 10.2

| Feb precipitation days = 8.7

| Mar precipitation days = 10.0

| Apr precipitation days = 9.4

| May precipitation days = 11.3

| Jun precipitation days = 10.9

| Jul precipitation days = 11.4

| Aug precipitation days = 10.8

| Sep precipitation days = 8.9

| Oct precipitation days = 10.5

| Nov precipitation days = 9.9

| Dec precipitation days = 11.1

| year precipitation days = 123.1

| Jan snow cm = 17.6

| Feb snow cm = 17.1

| Mar snow cm = 5.6

| Apr snow cm = 0.8

| May snow cm = 0.0

| Jun snow cm = 0.0

| Jul snow cm = 0.0

| Aug snow cm = 0.0

| Sep snow cm = 0.0

| Oct snow cm = 0.0

| Nov snow cm = 5.1

| Dec snow cm = 11.0

| year snow cm = 57.2

| unit snow days = 1.0 cm

| Jan snow days = 5.1

| Feb snow days = 5.3

| Mar snow days = 2.2

| Apr snow days = 3.6

| May snow days = 0.6

| Jun snow days = 0.0

| Jul snow days = 0.0

| Aug snow days = 0.0

| Sep snow days = 0.0

| Oct snow days = 0.0

| Nov snow days = 1.7

| Dec snow days = 4.2

| year snow days = 19.0

| Jan humidity = 84

| Feb humidity = 79

| Mar humidity = 72

| Apr humidity = 66

| May humidity = 69

| Jun humidity = 69

| Jul humidity = 69

| Aug humidity = 72

| Sep humidity = 78

| Oct humidity = 84

| Nov humidity = 86

| Dec humidity = 86

| year humidity = 76

|Jan sun = 42.1

|Feb sun = 76.2

|Mar sun = 130.0

|Apr sun = 164.7

|May sun = 181.6

|Jun sun = 204.3

|Jul sun = 221.3

|Aug sun = 204.7

|Sep sun = 151.0

|Oct sun = 88.1

|Nov sun = 42.8

|Dec sun = 32.8

|year sun = 1539.6

| Jan percentsun = 19

| Feb percentsun = 31

| Mar percentsun = 42

| Apr percentsun = 46

| May percentsun = 46

| Jun percentsun = 50

| Jul percentsun = 54

| Aug percentsun = 55

| Sep percentsun = 47

| Oct percentsun = 31

| Nov percentsun = 18

| Dec percentsun = 16

| year percentsun = 41

| source 1 = NOAA{{cite web

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20241213081015/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/5.5/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Switzerland/CSV/Schaffhausen_06620.csv

| archive-date = 13 December 2024

| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/5.5/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Switzerland/CSV/Schaffhausen_06620.csv

| title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020

| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)

| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

| access-date = 13 December 2024}}

| source 2 = MeteoSchweiz (snow 1981–2010){{cite web

| url = https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/SHA/climsheet_SHA_np9120_e.pdf

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120183338/https://www.meteoswiss.admin.ch/product/output/climate-data/climate-diagrams-normal-values-station-processing/SHA/climsheet_SHA_np9120_e.pdf

| url-status = dead

| archive-date = 20 January 2022

| title = Climate Normals Schaffhausen (Reference period 1991−2020)

| publisher = Swiss Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss

| access-date = 20 January 2022

}}

| date = November 2015

}}

The City Council (de: Stadtrat) constitutes the executive government of the town of Schaffhausen and operates as a collegiate authority. It is composed of five councilors ({{langx|de|Stadtrat/Stadträtin}}), each presiding over a department (Referat), which each consists of several administrative districts. The president of the executive department acts as mayor (Stadtpräsident(in)). In the mandate period January 2025 – December 2028 (Amtsdauer) the City Council is presided by Stadtpräsident Peter Neukomm. Departmental tasks, coordination measures and implementation of laws decreed by the Grand City Council (parliament) are carried by the City Council. The regular election of the City Council by any inhabitant valid to vote is held every four years. Any resident of Schaffhausen allowed to vote can be elected as a member of the City Council. The mayor is elected as such as well by public election while the heads of the other directorates are assigned by the collegiate. The mayor as well as the delegates are elected by means of a system of Majorz.{{cite web |url=https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/derstadtrat/28652 |title=Stadtrat |publisher=Stadt Schaffhausen |type=official site |language=de |location=Schaffhausen, Switzerland |date=2025 |access-date=2025-02-18}}

{{As of|2025}}, Schaffhausen's City Council is made up of two representative of the SP (Social Democratic Party), of who one is also the mayor, one of the FDP (The Liberals), one of the SVP (Swiss People's Party), one of the GLP (Green Liberal Party), and one independent. The last regular election was held on 18 August 2024.{{cite web |url=https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/_docn/5251903/Resultate_Wahlen_18082024.pdf |title=Volksabstimmung vom 18. August 2024 |type=official site |language=de |location=Schaffhausen, Switzerland |date=2024-08-18 |access-date=2025-02-18}}

Yvonne Waldvogel is the town chronicler ({{langx|de|Stadtschreiberin}}) since 2018.

{{TR mayor|header=yes|caption=Mayor (Stadtpräsident) of Schaffhausen|place=Schaffhausen}}

{{TR mayor|period=1831–1835|mayor=Johann Conrad Fischer|lifespan=1773–1854|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1835–1844|mayor=Johann Heinrich Im Thurn|lifespan=1777–1845|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1845–1851|mayor=Tobias Hurter|lifespan=1790–1866|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1851–1865|mayor=Hans von Ziegler|lifespan=1810–1865|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1866–1867|mayor=Johann Heinrich Ammann|lifespan=1820–1867|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1867–1879|mayor=Georg Rauschenbach|lifespan=1816–1879|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1879–1891|mayor=Rudolf Pfister|lifespan=1824–1893|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1891–1893|mayor=Conrad Habicht-Oechslin|lifespan=1842–1931|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1893–1894|mayor=Ernst Müller-Fink|lifespan=1851–1910|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1894–1917|mayor=Carl Spahn|lifespan=1863–1943|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1917–1919|mayor=Hermann Schlatter|lifespan=1873–1953|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1919–1932|mayor=Heinrich Pletscher|lifespan=1878–1952|party=}}

{{TR mayor|period=1933–1968|mayor=Walther Bringolf|lifespan=1895–1981|party=SPS/PSS}}

{{TR mayor|period=1969–1988|mayor=Felix Schwank|lifespan=born 1922|party=FDP/PRD}}

{{TR mayor|period=1989–1996|mayor=Max Hess|lifespan=born 1944|party=SPS/PSS}}

{{TR mayor|period=1997–2008|mayor=Marcel Wenger|lifespan=born 1948|party=FDP/PRD}}

{{TR mayor|period=2009–2014|mayor=Thomas Feurer|lifespan=born 1953|party=ÖBS}}

{{TR mayor|period=2015–present|mayor=Peter Neukomm|lifespan=born 1962|party=SPS}}

{{TR mayor|footer=yes}}

{{Pie chart

| thumb =right

| caption =The Grosse Stadtrat of Schaffhausen for the mandate period of 2025–2028

| other =

| label1 =JUSO

| value1 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color1 ={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}

| label2 =SP

| value2 ={{#expr: 10/(36/100) round 1}}

| color2 ={{party color|Social Democratic Party of Switzerland}}

| label3 =JG

| value3 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color3 ={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}

| label4 =Green

| value4 ={{#expr: 2/(36/100) round 1}}

| color4 ={{party color|Green Party of Switzerland}}

| label5 =glp

| value5 ={{#expr: 4/(36/100) round 1}}

| color5 ={{party color|Green Liberal Party of Switzerland}}

| label6 =EVP

| value6 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color6 ={{party color|Evangelical People's Party of Switzerland}}

| label7 =The Centre

| value7 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color7 ={{party color|The Centre (political party)}}

| label8 =FDP

| value8 ={{#expr: 6/(36/100) round 1}}

| color8 ={{party color|FDP.The Liberals}}

| label9 =SVP

| value9 ={{#expr: 8/(36/100) round 1}}

| color9 ={{party color|Swiss People's Party}}

| label10 =EDU

| value10 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color10 ={{party color|Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland}}

| label11 =PUSH

| value11 ={{#expr: 1/(36/100) round 1}}

| color11 =grey

}}

The Grand City Council (Grosser Stadtrat) holds legislative power. It is made up of 36 members, with elections held every four years. The Grand City Council decrees regulations and by-laws that are executed by the City Council and the administration. The delegates are selected by means of a system of Proporz.

The sessions of the Grand City Council are public. Unlike members of the City Council, members of the Grand City Council are not politicians by profession, and they are paid a fee based on their attendance. Any resident of Schaffhausen allowed to vote can be elected as a member of the Grand City Council. The parliament holds its meetings in the Kantonsratsaal (Cantonal Council Hall) on Kornmarkt.{{cite web |url=https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/dergrossestadtrat/28655 |title=Zusammensetzung: Grosser Stadtrat |publisher=Stadt Schaffhausen |type=official site |location=Schaffhausen, Switzerland |language=de |date=2020-11-29 |access-date=2025-02-18}}

The last regular election of the Grand City Council was held on 24 November 2024 for the mandate period ({{langx|de|Legislatur}}) from January 2025 to December 2028. Currently the Grand City Council consist of 10 members of the Social Democratic Party (SP/PS) and one of its junior section, the JUSO, 8 of the Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC), 6 of The Liberals (FDP/PLR) and none of its junior partner, the JFSH, 4 of the Green Liberal Party (GLP/PVL), 2 of the Green Party (GPS/PES)) and one of its junior partner, the Junge Grüne, and one each of The Centre (former CVP/PDC), Evangelical People's Party (EVP/PES), Federal Democratic Union (EDU/UDF), and one of the PUSH.{{cite web |url=https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/_docn/5398720/Resultate_Wahlen_24112024_b.pdf |title=Wahlen Grosser Stadtrat Und Mitglied Stadtschulrat 24. November 2024 |publisher=Stadt Schaffhausen |type=official site |location=Schaffhausen, Switzerland |page=5 |language=de |date=2020-11-29 |access-date=2025-02-18}}

; National Council

In the 2023 federal election the most popular party was the SP (35.9%, +3.8). The next five most popular parties were the SVP with 29.7% of the vote (-3.1), the FDP (12.7%, +3.1), the GLP with 7.4% (+0.8), the Greens with 6.3% (-1.7), and others (8.0%). In the federal election, a total of 14,450 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 60.9% (+2.2).{{cite web|url=https://www.wahlen.admin.ch/en/sh/ |title=Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Federal elections: National Council elections 2023: strongest party, canton of Schaffhausen |language=de, fr, it |date=2023 |location=Neuchâtel, Switzerland |access-date=2025-02-19}}

In the 2019 federal election the most popular party was the SVP with 32.8% of the vote (-6.2). The next five most popular parties were the SP (32.1%, -1.9), the FDP (9.6%, -3.1), the Greens with 8.0% (+3.7), the GLP with 6.6% (+6.6), and others (10.9%). In the federal election, a total of 13,351 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 57.7% (-3.0).{{cite web|url=https://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch/maps/12/de/17685_17682_17675_242/27436.html |title=Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Politischer Atlas der Schweiz: Nationalratswahlen chronologisch / Nationalratswahlen 2019 / Ergebnisse 2019 |language=de, fr |date=2019 |location=Neuchâtel, Switzerland |access-date=2025-02-19}}

In the 2015 federal election the most popular party was the SVP with 39.0% of the vote (+7.2). The next three most popular parties were the SP (34.0%, -7.6), the FDP (12.7%, +0.6), the Greens with 4.3% (+4.3), and others (10.0%). In the federal election, a total of 13,754 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 60.7% (+2.8).{{cite web|url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/07/03.html |title=Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Nationalratswahlen 2015: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung nach Gemeinden |language=de, fr, it |access-date=29 May 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802003536/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/07/03.html |archive-date=2 August 2016 }}

File:SchaffhausenRheinfall1.jpg as seen from Neuhausen am Rheinfall]]

File:Schaffhausen old town 1.jpg

Schaffhausen has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-SH}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-SH|2939}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-SH}} {{as of|2014}}, 27.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/kataloge-datenbanken/daten.assetdetail.325718.html Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (Land)] accessed 31 October 2016 Of the foreign population, ({{as of|2008|lc=on}}), 21% are from Germany, 13.3% are from Italy, 8.8% are from Croatia, 13.3% are from Serbia, 6% are from Macedonia, 9% are from Turkey, and 28.6% are from other countries.[http://www.statistik.sh.ch/index.php?id=10032 Statistical Office of the Canton of Schaffhausen] {{in lang|de}} accessed 2 December 2009 Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks German (84.3%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common (3.4%) and Italian being third (3.2%).[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=5 January 2016 }} accessed 22 December 2009

Over the last four years (2010–2014) the population has changed at a rate of 2.82%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2014, was 9.6, while the death rate was 10.1 per thousand residents.

{{as of|2014}}, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 17.8% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 61.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 20.5%. In 2015 there were 15,288 single residents, 15,287 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 2,119 widows or widowers, 3,253 divorced residents and 1 people who did not answer the question.[https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Default.aspx?px_language=de Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geschlecht, Zivilstand und Geburtsort] {{in lang|de}} accessed 8 September 2016

In 2014 there were 16,723 private households in Schaffhausen with an average household size of 2.10 persons. Of the 5,863 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 51.5% were single family homes and 29.7% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 22.1% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 7.6% were built between 1991 and 2000.[https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/ Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Thema 09 - Bau- und Wohnungswesen ] {{in lang|de}} accessed 5 May 2016 In 2013 the rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 1.29. The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2015|alt=in 2015}}, was 0.71%.

; Historic population

The historical population is given in the following chart:[https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/default.aspx?px_language=de Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000 ] {{in lang|de}} accessed 27 April 2016

Colors=

id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)

id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8)

ImageSize = width:1100 height:600

PlotArea = height:350 left:100 bottom:90 right:100

Legend = columns:3 left:220 top:70 columnwidth:160

AlignBars = justify

DateFormat = x.y

Period = from:0 till:38000

TimeAxis = orientation:vertical

AlignBars = justify

ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:6000 start:0

ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1500 start:0

Colors=

id:SC value:yellowgreen legend:Schaffhausen

PlotData=

color:yellowgreen width:30 mark:(line,white) align:center

bar:1392 from: 0 till:4000 text:"c. 4,000" color:SC

bar:1520 from: 0 till:3500 text:"c. 3,500" color:SC

bar:1550 from: 0 till:5300 text:"c. 5,300 " color:SC

bar:1582 from: 0 till:6350 text:"c. 6,350" color:SC

bar:1620 from: 0 till:5950 text:"c. 5,950" color:SC

bar:1640 from: 0 till:3650 text:"c. 3,650" color:SC

bar:1672 from: 0 till:5050 text:"c. 5,050" color:SC

bar:1766 from: 0 till:6969 text:"6,969" color:SC

bar:1798 from: 0 till:5482 text:"5,482" color:SC

bar:1850 from: 0 till:8477 text:"8,477" color:SC

bar:1860 from: 0 till:9386 text:"9,386" color:SC

bar:1870 from: 0 till:11049 text:"11,049" color:SC

bar:1880 from: 0 till:12557 text:"12,557" color:SC

bar:1888 from: 0 till:13099 text:"13,099" color:SC

bar:1900 from: 0 till:16320 text:"16,320" color:SC

bar:1910 from: 0 till:19267 text:"19,267" color:SC

bar:1920 from: 0 till:21700 text:"21,700" color:SC

bar:1930 from: 0 till:23141 text:"23,141" color:SC

bar:1941 from: 0 till:24984 text:"24,984" color:SC

bar:1950 from: 0 till:27261 text:"27,261" color:SC

bar:1960 from: 0 till:32839 text:"32,839" color:SC

bar:1970 from: 0 till:37035 text:"37,035" color:SC

bar:1980 from: 0 till:34250 text:"34,250" color:SC

bar:1990 from: 0 till:34225 text:"34,225" color:SC

bar:2000 from: 0 till:33628 text:"33,628" color:SC

{{as of|2000}}, 27.4% of the population belonged to the Roman Catholic Church and 43.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church, later organized in the parish St. Johann – Münster.{{cite web|url=http://www.ref-sh.ch/kg/sjm/bericht/3832|title=Die neue Kirchgemeinde St.Johann-Münster|publisher=St. Johann, Schaffhausen|access-date=1 January 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150101223004/http://www.ref-sh.ch/kg/sjm/bericht/3832|archive-date=1 January 2015}}

In Schaffhausen about 69.8% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule (university of applied sciences)). In Schaffhausen, {{as of|2007|lc=on}}, 1.73% of the population attend kindergarten or another pre-school, 5.65% attend a Primary School, 2.98% attend a lower level Secondary School, and 2.49% attend a higher level Secondary School.

{{as of|2013|In 2013}}, there were a total of 25,749 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 103 people worked in 24 businesses in the primary economic sector. A majority (61.2%) of the primary sector employees worked in very small businesses (less than ten employees). The remainder worked in 2 small businesses with a total of 40 employees. The secondary sector employed 6,403 workers in 371 separate businesses. In 2014 a total of 2,433 employees worked in 358 small companies (less than 50 employees). There were 13 mid sized businesses with 1,631 employees and 3 large businesses which employed 2,333 people (for an average size of 777.7). Finally, the tertiary sector provided 19,243 jobs in 2,626 businesses. In 2014 the tertiary sector numbers had increased by 606 and 20 respectively. In 2014 a total of 12,890 employees worked in 2,597 small companies (less than 50 employees). There were 45 mid sized businesses with 4,938 employees and 4 large businesses which employed 2,021 people (for an average size of 505.3).[https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/kataloge-datenbanken/daten.assetdetail.331681.html Federal Statistical Office -Arbeitsstätten und Beschäftigte nach Gemeinde, Wirtschaftssektor und Grössenklasse] accessed 31 October 2016

In 2014 a total of 1.3% of the population received social assistance.

In 2015 local hotels had a total of 102,537 overnight stays, of which 52.6% were international visitors.[https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/kataloge-datenbanken/daten.assetdetail.252702.html Federal Statistical Office - Hotellerie: Ankünfte und Logiernächte der geöffneten Betriebe] accessed 31 October 2016 In 2015 there were two movie theaters in the municipality, with a total of 10 screens and a total of 1,816 available seats.[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/16/02/01/data.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Kinoinfrastruktur nach Gemeinde und Kinotyp] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160926002720/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/16/02/01/data.html |date=26 September 2016 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 9 August 2016 {{as of|2008}}, there are 102 restaurants, and 11 hotels with 445 beds. The catering industry in Schaffhausen employs 924 people.

{{as of|2008}} the mid year average unemployment rate was 2.5%. There were 1,879 non-agrarian businesses in the municipality and 29.9% of the (non-agrarian) population was involved in the secondary sector of the economy while 70.1% were involved in the third. At the same time, 67.1% of the working population was employed full-time, and 32.9% was employed part-time. There were 21,841 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which women made up 46.6% of the workforce. {{as of|2000}} there were 10,019 residents who worked in the municipality, while 5,724 residents worked outside Schaffhausen and 8,026 people commuted into the municipality for work.

Schaffhausen has an unemployment rate, {{as of|2007|lc=on}}, of 2.67%. {{as of|2005}}, there were 196 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 33 businesses involved in this sector. 6,488 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 293 businesses in this sector. 14,019 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 1,486 businesses in this sector.

{{main|Schaffhausen railway station|Herblingen railway station}}

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File:Schaffhausen, Bahnhof v SW, 1.jpeg]]

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The town of Schaffhausen is served by two railway stations, Schaffhausen railway station and Herblingen railway station.

Schaffhausen railway station is jointly owned by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) and Deutsche Bahn (DB), and is served by trains of both nation's networks. The station is served by long-distance passenger trains (InterCity, IC) running between Stuttgart and Zürich, RegioExpress (RE) trains between Zürich HB and Schaffhausen, and Interregio-Express (IRE) trains between Basel and Friedrichshafen. Trains of Zürich S-Bahn services S9, S12, S24 and S33 serve the station, although only the S24 provides a direct service to Zürich Airport and Zürich main station. In addition, the S1 service of St. Gallen S-Bahn operates over the Lake Line to St. Gallen and Wil. The S64 and S65 services of Schaffhausen S-Bahn link Schaffhausen with Erzingen and Jestetten, respectively.

Herblingen railway station in the north-east of Schaffhausen is served by the S24 of Zürich S-Bahn and local trains of Schaffhausen S-Bahn (S62), linking Schaffhausen station with Thayngen and Singen (Hohentwiel), respectively.

The S-Bahn services S1 and S62 are part of Bodensee S-Bahn, a network of regional trains around Lake Constance (Bodensee).{{cite web | url=https://s-bahn-bodensee.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Netzplan/2023_SBB-RV-Bodensee-A3-23.V2.pdf | title=S-Bahn Bodensee | date=11 December 2022 | accessdate=16 June 2023 | language=de}}

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File:Schaffhauser Verkehrsbetriebe 2024.png in the towns of Schaffhausen and Neuhausen am Rheinfall (as of December 2023)[https://vbsh.ch/images/pdf/netzplaene/Zone810_OTV.pdf Netzplaene]]]

File:Netzplan Regionale Verkehrsbetriebe Schaffhausen RVSH 2024.png in the canton of Schaffhausen and neighboring German territory (as of December 2023)[https://vbsh.ch/images/pdf/netzplaene/Liniennetz_OSTWIND_23_SH.pdf Liniennetz Ostwind]]]

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File:CH Schaffhausen, Bahnhof 009.jpg at Bahnhofstrasse]]

Schaffhausen and the neighboring town of Neuhausen am Rheinfall have an urban bus network of 8 lines, including the Schaffhausen trolleybus system (line 1). Since 2019, the other lines (3–9) are operated by battery-powerd buses (Irizar) and diesel-powered buses. All routes except line 9 call at Schaffhausen railway station. Route 9 calls at Herblingen railway station. During weekends, there are night buses (designated as N#) operating after midnight. The urban bus routes, all operated by Verkehrsbetriebe Schaffhausen (vbsh),{{cite web | url=https://vbsh.ch/en/ | title=Verkehrsbetriebe Schaffhausen - HOME }} are as follows:

One of the previous urban routes, line 12 to the Rhine Falls, was the first route ever to feature a level 5 autonomous bus (2018–2019).{{cite web |last1=Kedem |first1=Kfir |title=Switzerland's level 5 autonomous bus |url=https://www.auto-trendy.com/post/switzerland-s-level-5-autonomous-bus |website=Auto Trendy |date=8 July 2020 |access-date=28 July 2020}}

In addition, there are several regional bus services that link Schaffhausen with villages in the canton of Schaffhausen, the canton of Zürich and nearby German territory. The regional bus services 21–25, lines 630 and 634 and all night bus services (designated with N#) all depart from the forecourt of Schaffhausen railway station:

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File:2018-04-29 12-00-50 Schweiz Dörflingen Dörflingen, Laag 550.6.jpg near Dörflingen on the High Rhine]]

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Departing from Schifflände, there are regular boat trips on the river Rhine (High Rhine) to Stein am Rhein and Kreuzlingen (Lake Constance) offered by Schweizerische Schifffahrtsgesellschaft Untersee und Rhein (URh) during warmer seasons.

The A4 motorway connects Schaffhausen with Zürich. The A4 continues northward to Donaueschingen/Singen (Hohentwiel) in Germany. Since 1996, the A4 runs through a tunnel, bypassing the town's center. There are three nearby exits along the A4: Schaffhausen Süd, Schaffhausen Nord and Schaffhausen Schweizersbild.

The Hauptstrasse 13 connects Schaffhausen with villages in the western part of the canton (Klettgau), through the Galgenbucktunnel which opened in 2019, and with villages along the Rhine east of Schaffhausen.

; Heritage sites of national significance

There are 35 buildings or sites in Schaffhausen that are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance. This includes the entire old town of Schaffhausen, the city walls, the Giesserei +GF+ Werk I factory, the town and cantonal archives, the Schweizersbild Paleolithic cave and the Herblingen and Grüthalde Neolithic settlements. Additionally, there are four former guild houses and seven listed houses. There are only two listed religious buildings, the former Benedictine All Saints Abbey and the Church of St. John.[http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar.html Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090501142322/http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar.html |date=1 May 2009 }} 21 November 2008 version, {{in lang|de}} accessed 22-December–2009

File:Schaffhausen - Kloster Allerheiligen IMG 2705.JPG | All Saints Abbey ({{langx|de|Allerheiligen}}) as seen from Munot

File:Schaffhausen - Kloster Allerheiligen IMG 2690.jpg | Church portal of Münster Schaffhausen

File:Schaffhausen Münster Hauptschiff 1.jpg| Cathedral interior of Münster Schaffhausen

File:Schaffhausen IMG 2689.jpg | Restaurant Thiergarten and Munot tower

File:Schaffhausen IMG 2702.jpg | Altstadt

File:Schaffhausen IMG 2721.JPG | Münster Schaffhausen

File:Zum Ritter Schaffhausen.jpg|House zum Ritter at Vordergasse 65, one of the listed houses

File:Schaffhausen 1.JPG|View of the Altstadt with the Münster

File:Schaffhausen, de Obertorturm IMG 4642 2023-04-28 19.44.jpg|Towngate: Obertorturm

Schaffhausen hosts some well-known industrial companies like Georg Fischer (piping systems, machine tools and automotives), internationally reputed manufacturers of watches (IWC and H. Moser & Cie), pharmaceutical industry (Cilag, founded by Bernhard Joos) and BB Biotech (biotechnologies). Tyco International, Garmin, Aptiv (purely for tax purposes), and cyber protection company Acronis are also incorporated in Schaffhausen.

The town has two football teams, SV Schaffhausen, of the fourth-tier Swiss 1. Liga, and FC Schaffhausen, of the second-tier Swiss Challenge League. There is a football stadium in Breite, Schaffhausen which seats 4200 persons, known as the Breitestadion. It is also the training headquarters for local children's football teams.

There is a handball team in Schaffhausen which plays in the first Swiss division: Kadetten Schaffhausen. They are centered at the BBC Arena on Schweizersbildstrasse. It seats 3600 persons, and was built in 2011. Kadetten has been very successful and has won the second most titles in the history of the SHL.

File:Johann Jakob Wepfer. Engraving by H. Pfenninger. Wellcome V0006227.jpg

File:Lorentz Spengler.jpg

File:Emil Ermatinger.jpg

File:Christoph Blocher (Bundesrat, 2004).jpg

File:Irene Schweizer (Annamarie Ursula) P1120606.JPG

File:Juerg Froehlich.jpg

File:Roberto Di Matteo S04 2015 (cropped).jpg

File:Florence Schelling 2011 WM Winterthur.jpg

• Bernold of Constance (c.1054 – 1100 in Schaffhausen), chronicler and writer of religious tracts
• Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg (1445–1510), priest, a popular preacher of the 15th-century{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Geiler_von_Kaisersberg,_Johann |volume= 11|page= 553 |short=x}}
• Sebastian Hofmeister (1476–1533), known in writing as Oeconomus or Oikonomos, was a Swiss monk and religious Reformer
• Tobias Stimmer (1539–1584), painter and illustrator, particularly of the Strasbourg astronomical clock
• Daniel Lindtmayer (1552-c.1605), the fourth generation of artists and glass painters

• Johann Jakob Wepfer (1620–1695), pathologist and pharmacologist
• Johann Conrad Peyer (1653–1712), anatomist
• Johann Konrad Ammann (1669–1724), physician and instructor of non-verbal deaf persons{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Amman,_Johann_Conrad |volume= 1 |page= 859|short=x}}
• Andrew Schalch (1692–1776), the first gun-founder at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich{{cite DNB|wstitle=Schalch,_Andrew |volume= 50 |short=x}}

• George Michael Moser RA (1706–1783), chaser and enameller, co-founder of the Royal Academy in 1768{{cite DNB|wstitle=Moser,_George_Michael |volume= 39 |short=x}}
• Johann Amman (1707–1741), Swiss-Russian botanist, a member of the Royal Society and professor of botany
• John Snetzler (1710–1785), organ builder who worked mostly in England
• Lorenz Spengler (1720–1807), Danish turner and naturalist.
• Johann Jakob Schalch (1723–1789), painter, noted for his paintings of the Rheinfall in Schaffhausen
• Johann Conrad Ammann (1724–1811), physician, naturalist and collector of fossils
• Johannes von Müller (1752–1809), historian{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Müller,_Johannes_von |volume= 18|last= Coolidge |first= William Augustus Brevoort |author-link= William Augustus Brevoort Coolidge |short=x}}
• Johann Conrad Fischer (1773–1854), metallurgist, inventor, and pioneer in the steel industry; founded Georg Fischer AG in 1802
• Friedrich Emmanuel von Hurter (1787–1865), Protestant cleric and historian who converted to Roman Catholicism{{Cite AmCyc |wstitle=Hurter,_Friedrich_Emanuel_von |short=x}}
• Caroline Mezger (1787–1843) painter, printmaker, and art teacher{{Cite web |date=11 November 2008 |title=Mezger, Caroline |url=https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/022528/2008-11-11/ |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (HLS) |language=de}}{{Cite web |date=31 October 2011 |title=Mezger, Caroline |url=https://www.oxfordartonline.com/benezit/display/10.1093/benz/9780199773787.001.0001/acref-9780199773787-e-00122122 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2025-03-10 |website=Benezit Dictionary of Artists |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.b00122122}}

• Johann Heinrich Gelzer (1813–1889), historian and diplomat
• Hans Bendel (1814–1853), painter and illustrator
• Ferdinand Hurter (1844–1898), industrial chemist who settled in England, researched photography
• Dame Sophia Wintz DBE (1847–1929), British philanthropist who co-founded the Royal Sailors' Rests
• Ernst Homberger (1869–1955), industrialist, Georg Fischer and International Watch Company
• Emil Ermatinger (1873–1953), professor for Germanic philology
• Ferdinand Schalch (1848–1918), paleontologist and geologist
• Hermann Rorschach (1884–1922), psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, brought up in Schaffhausen
• Bernhard Peyer (1885–1963), paleontologist and anatomist
• Karl Jäger (1888–1959), mid-ranking official in the SS of Nazi Germany, perpetrated acts of genocide during the Holocaust
• Walther Bringolf (1895–1981), mayor of Schaffhausen 1933–1968, former president of the National Council of Switzerland 1961/1962

• Richard Meili (1900–1991), scientist in practical psychology, diagnostics, personality development and intelligence
• Conrad Beck (1901–1989), composer and head of Music of Radio Basel 1933–1963
• Carl Alfred Meier (1905–1995), psychiatrist, Jungian psychologist, scholar, and first president of the C. G. Jung Institute in Zürich
• Cardinal Gilberto Agustoni (1922–2017), prelate of the Roman Catholic Church
• Ernst Hess (1912–1968), conductor, composer and musicologist
• Rita Wolfensberger (1928–2020), classical pianist
• Bruno Meyer (born 1938), religious leader of a fundamentalist Christian congregation; convicted in 2010 for rape and child sexual abuse
• Markus Werner (1944–2016), writer, author of the novels Zündels Abgang
• Christoph Blocher (born 1940), politician, industrialist and former member of the Swiss Federal Council
• Pia Gyger (1940–2014), specialist for special education and psychologist a co-initiator of the Jerusalem-Project
• Irène Schweizer (1941-2024), jazz and free improvising pianist[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1086528/ IMDb Database] retrieved 21 November 2018
• Jürg Fröhlich (born 1946), mathematician and theoretical physicist
• Giorgio Behr (born 1948), businessman, lawyer, accountant and university professor
• Beat Furrer (born 1954), Austrian composer and conductor
• Philipp Landmark (born 1966), journalist and former editor-in-chief of the St. Galler Tagblatt
• Tom Strala (born 1974), designer, architect and artist

• Jules Ehrat (1905–1997), chess player, the 1942 joint Swiss Chess Champion
• Liselotte Kobi (born 1930), former swimmer, competed at the 1948 and 1952 Summer Olympics
• Marianne Gossweiler (born 1943), equestrian, medallist in team dressage at both the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics
• Stefan Maurer (1960–1994), cyclist, competed in the individual road race at the 1984 Summer Olympics
• Stephan Lehmann (1963), retired football goalkeeper, goalkeeper coach for FC Sion, 538 team games and 14 for the national side
• Roberto Di Matteo (born 1970), Italian former footballer (323 games) and team manager in the UK
• Daniela Baumer (born 1971), sprint canoer, silver medallist at the 1996 Summer Olympics
• Florence Schelling (born 1989), ice hockey goaltender and three-time Olympian; first woman to be named general manager of a professional men's hockey team (SC Bern) in the world

• Cholfirst Radio Tower
• List of mayors of Schaffhausen
• Bombing of Schaffhausen in World War II

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Wikivoyage|Schaffhausen}}

{{Commons category|Schaffhausen}}

{{Americana Poster|Schaffhausen}}

• {{cite EB1911|wstitle=Schaffhausen (town) |volume= 24 |short= x}}
• {{official website|www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch}} {{in lang|de}}
• [http://www.schaffhauserland.ch/en/ Tourism information]
• [http://www.stadtarchiv-schaffhausen.ch/ Town archives] {{in lang|de}}
• [http://www.rheinfall.ch/ Rhine Fall]
• {{Citation |url=https://www.allerheiligen.ch/de/ |title=Museum zu Allerheiligen Schaffhausen |access-date=31 August 2016}}
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070505083348/http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil/airchronicles/apj/apj00/sum00/helmreich.html U.S. Bombings of Switzerland during World War II]
• [https://www.e-rara.ch/sbs/doi/10.3931/e-rara-79846 Digitized Edition of Chronik der Stadt und Landschaft Schaffhausen], in German, 1884–1910, at E-rara
• [https://www.e-rara.ch/sbs/doi/10.3931/e-rara-85905 Digitized Edition of Wappenbuch der Stadt Schaffhausen], in German, Schaffhausen 1819, at E-rara.

{{Municipalities of the canton of Schaffhausen}}

{{Cantons of Switzerland}}

{{List of European capitals by region}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cantonal capitals of Switzerland

Category:Cities in Switzerland

Category:Populated places on the Rhine

Category:Municipalities of the canton of Schaffhausen

Category:1330 disestablishments

Category:Populated places disestablished in the 14th century

Category:States and territories established in 1415

Category:Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Schaffhausen

Category:16th-century establishments in the Old Swiss Confederacy

Category:1501 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire