silver nitrite
{{chembox
| verifiedrevid =
| Name =
| ImageFile =
| ImageName =
| ImageFile1 = Silbernitrit.jpg
| ImageName1 = Silver nitrite
| IUPACName = Silver(I) nitrite
| OtherNames = Argentous nitrite
| SystematicName =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 7783-99-5
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 141361
| EINECS = 232-041-7
| PubChem = 160904
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = T3MZ57OGIF
| InChI = 1S/Ag.HNO2/c;2-1-3/h;(H,2,3)/q+1;/p-1
| InChIKey = KKKDGYXNGYJJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI =
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey =
| SMILES = N(=O)[O-].[Ag+]
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = AgNO2
| MolarMass = 153.87 g/mol
| Appearance = colorless to yellow crystals
| Density =
| Solubility = 0.155 g/100 mL (0 °C)
0.275 g/100 mL (15 °C)
1.363 g/100 mL (60 °C)
| SolubleOther = insoluble in ethanol
| MeltingPtC = 140
| MeltingPt_notes =
| BoilingPtC =
| MagSus = −42.0·10−6 cm3/mol
}}
| Section3 =
| Section4 =
| Section5 =
| Section6 =
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MSDS/MSDS/DisplayMSDSPage.do?country=CA&language=en&productNumber=227188&brand=ALDRICH&PageToGoToURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sigmaaldrich.com%2Fcatalog%2Fproduct%2Faldrich%2F227188%3Flang%3Den Sigma-Aldrich]
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|272|302|315|319|400}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|220|221|264|270|273|280|301+312|302+352|305+351+338|321|330|332+313|337+313|362|370+378|391|501}}
| NFPA-H = 2 | NFPA-F = 0 | NFPA-R = 2 }}
}}
Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO2.[http://www.americanelements.com/silver-nitrite.html American elements]
Applications
Silver nitrite has many applications. Notable examples include:
- The production of aniline compounds.
- General oxidizing agent.
- Victor Meyer type nucleophilic substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds.{{cite journal|author1=Kornblum, N. |author2=Ungnade, H. E. |title=1-Nitroöctane (Octane, 1-nitro-)|journal=Organic Syntheses|year=1958|volume=38|page=75|url=http://www.orgsyn.org/Content/pdfs/procedures/cv4p0724.pdf|accessdate=6 January 2014}}
- Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide generated in-situ from silver nitrite and elemental iodine.{{cite journal|author1=Waldman, Steve |author2=Monte, Aaron, Monte |author3=Bracey, Ann |author4=Nichols, David |name-list-style=amp |title=One-pot Claisen rearrangement/O-methylation/alkene isomerization in the synthesis of ortho-methoxylated phenylisopropylamines|journal=Tetrahedron Letters|year=1996|volume=37|issue=44|pages=7889–7892|doi=10.1016/0040-4039(96)01807-2}}
- 1,2,3-Benzothiadiazoles synthesis via skeletal editing (S,N-heteroarene ring transformation) of variously functionalized 2-halobenzothiazoles and benzothiazolinones{{cite journal|author1=Nociarova, Jela |author2=Purkait, Anisha |author3=Gyepes, Robert |author4=Hrobarik, Peter |title=Silver-Catalyzed Skeletal Editing of Benzothiazol-2(3H)-ones and 2-Halogen-Substituted Benzothiazoles as a Rapid Single-Step Approach to Benzo[1,2,3]Thiadiazoles|journal=Organic Letters|year=2024|volume=26|pages=619–624|url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03904}}
Production
Silver nitrite is produced from the reaction between silver nitrate and an alkali nitrite, such as sodium nitrite. Silver nitrite is much less soluble in water than silver nitrate, and a solution of silver nitrate will readily precipitate silver nitrite upon addition of sodium nitrite:
:AgNO3 (aq) + NaNO2 (s) → NaNO3 (aq) + AgNO2 (precipitate)
Alternatively, it can be produced by the reaction between silver sulfate and barium nitrite.