speech-to-text reporter
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}{{Short description|Human occupation}}
{{about|a human occupation|computer systems|speech recognition|and|predictive text}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Globalize|article|United Kingdom|2name=the United Kingdom|date= March 2023
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{{primary sources|date=March 2017}}
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A speech-to-text reporter (STTR), also known as a captioner, is a person who listens to what is being said and inputs it, word for word (verbatim), as properly written texts. Many captioners use tools (such as a shorthand keyboard, speech recognition software, or a computer-aided transcription software system), which commonly convert verbally communicated information into written words to be composed as a text.{{Cite web |title=Speech to Text Reporters |url=https://www.completecommunicationltd.com/speech-to-text-reporters-sttr/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305140150/https://www.completecommunicationltd.com/speech-to-text-reporters-sttr/ |archive-date=March 5, 2021 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Complete Communication |language=en-GB}} The reproduced text can then be read by deaf or hard-of-hearing people, language learners, or people with auditory processing disabilities.{{Cite web |last=Pearson |first=Orla |title=Speech-to-text reporter |url=https://www.ndcs.org.uk/information-and-support/parenting-and-family-life/families-magazine/ask-the-expert/speech-to-text-reporter/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=National Deaf Children's Society |language=en-gb}}{{Cite web |last=Williams |first=Victoria |date=2014-04-17 |title=What does a Speech-to-Text Reporter do? |url=https://terptree.co.uk/communication-professionals/what-does-a-speech-to-text-reporter-do/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226183506/https://terptree.co.uk/communication-professionals/what-does-a-speech-to-text-reporter-do/ |archive-date=February 26, 2024 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=terptree |at=What do they do, and how do they work? |language=en-GB}}
Methods
Real-time captioning includes stenographic, voice writing, and automatic speech recognition methods. Occasional mondegreen errors may be seen in closed-captions when the computer software fails to distinguish where a word break occurs in the syllable stream. Information such as laughter or applause is shared inside a bracket.
= Voice writing =
{{Main article|voice writing}}
Voice writers echo spoken language into a stenomask or voice silencer, which consists of a hand-held mask equipped with microphones and voice-dampening materials. This setup connects to an external sound digitizer. The words spoken by a voice writer are converted by the computer's speech recognition engine into streaming text and can be disseminated in various formats, including internet streaming, subtitling, or direct displays for end-users.
= Stenography =
{{Main article|stenography}}
== Palantype and stenotype ==
Two major chorded keyboards used in speech-to-text reporting are the palantype and stenotype systems.{{Cite journal |last=Arnott |first=J. L. |last2=Newell |first2=A. F. |last3=Downton |first3=A. C. |date=July 1979 |title=A comparison of palantype and stenograph for use in a speech transcription aid for the deaf |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/161992/ |journal=Journal of Biomedical Engineering |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=201–210 |doi=10.1016/0141-5425(79)90042-6 |issn=0141-5425 |pmid=161992 |via=National Library of Medicine}} Both systems are used in the UK.{{Cite web |title=Palantype machine |url=https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co37763/palantype-machine-palantype-machine |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Science Museum Group Collection |language=en}}{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS).|date=May 2024}} STTRs might also be termed palantypists or stenographers. Instead of pressing each letter individually, like on a QWERTY keyboard, these systems use chords, where multiple keys are pressed simultaneously in a "stroke" to represent syllables, words, or phrases.
== Software ==
See also
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