square rig
{{short description|Generic type of sail and rigging arrangement}}
File:square-rigged mainmast.jpg, with all square sails set except the course]]
Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which a sailing vessel's primary driving sails are carried on horizontal spars that are perpendicular (or square) to the median plane of the keel and masts of the vessel. These spars are called {{em|yards}} and their tips, outside the lifts, are called the {{em|yardarms}}.Oxford English Dictionary A ship mainly rigged so is called a square-rigger.{{cite book |last=Keegan|first=John |author-link=John Keegan |title=The Price of Admiralty |publisher=Viking |date=1989 |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/priceofadmiralty00keeg/page/280 280] |isbn=0-670-81416-4 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/priceofadmiralty00keeg/page/280}}
In "Jackspeak" (Royal Navy slang), it also refers to the dress uniform of Junior Ratings.
History
File:Humber Keel Ada Dews painted by Reuben Chappell.jpg performed well to windward.{{cite book |editor1-last=Mannering |editor1-first=Julian |title=The Chatham directory of inshore craft : traditional working vessels of the British Isles |date=1997 |publisher=Chatham Pub |location=London |isbn=1-86176-029-9}}{{rp|54}}]]
Single sail square rigs were used by the ancient Egyptians, the Phoenicians, the Greeks, the Romans, and the Celts. Later the Scandinavians, the Germanic peoples, and the Slavs adopted the single square-rigged sail, with it becoming one of the defining characteristics of the classic “Viking” ships.The Viking ship's single square-rigged sail. http://Longshipco.org/sail.html Retrieved 2018-8-20
See also
{{commons category|Square-riggers under sail}}
{{commons category|Historical images of square-riggers under sail}}
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6DZIvMZWzQ Video: How the Square Rig Works]
{{Sailing Vessels and Rigs|state=expanded}}