stearin

{{chembox

| Verifiedfields = changed

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 429325307

| Reference = Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9669.

| ImageFile = stearin.png

| ImageSize = 250px

| ImageClass = skin-invert

| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of stearin

| ImageFile1 = Tristearin 3D spacefill.png

| ImageAlt1 = Space-filling model of the tristearin molecule

| ImageFile2 = Stearin krystalický.JPG

| ImageAlt2 = Powder of stearin

| SystematicName = Propane-1,2,3-triyl tri(octadecanoate)

| OtherNames = Tristearin; Trioctadecanoin; Glycerol tristearate; Glyceryl tristearate

|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| CASNo = 555-43-1

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = P6OCJ2551R

| PubChem = 11146

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 45956

| SMILES = CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

| InChI = 1S/C57H110O6/c1-4-7-10-13-16-19-22-25-28-31-34-37-40-43-46-49-55(58)61-52-54(63-57(60)51-48-45-42-39-36-33-30-27-24-21-18-15-12-9-6-3)53-62-56(59)50-47-44-41-38-35-32-29-26-23-20-17-14-11-8-5-2/h54H,4-53H2,1-3H3

| InChIKey = DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C57H110O6/c1-4-7-10-13-16-19-22-25-28-31-34-37-40-43-46-49-55(58)61-52-54(63-57(60)51-48-45-42-39-36-33-30-27-24-21-18-15-12-9-6-3)53-62-56(59)50-47-44-41-38-35-32-29-26-23-20-17-14-11-8-5-2/h54H,4-53H2,1-3H3

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 10673

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| KEGG = D10637

}}

|Section2={{Chembox Properties

| C=57 | H=110 | O=6

| Appearance = White powder

| Odor = Odorless

| Density = 0.862 g/cm³ (80 °C)
0.8559 g/cm³ (90 °C){{CRC90}}

| MeltingPtC = 54-72.5

| MeltingPt_ref =

| Solubility = Insoluble

| SolubleOther = Slightly soluble in C₆H₆, CCl₄
Soluble in acetone, CHCl₃
Insoluble in EtOH

| RefractIndex = 1.4395 (80 °C)

}}

|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry

| Entropy = 1534.7 J/mol·K (liquid){{nist|name=Tristearin|id=C555431|accessdate=2014-06-19|mask=FFFF|units=SI}}

| DeltaHc = 35806.7 kJ/mol

| DeltaHf = −2344 kJ/mol

| HeatCapacity = 1342.8 J/mol·K (β-form, 272.1 K)
1969.4 J/mol·K (346.5 K)

}}

|Section3={{Chembox Structure

| CrystalStruct = Triclinic (β-form){{Cite journal | doi = 10.1107/S0108768100019121| title = Structure of β-trimyristin and β-tristearin from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data| journal = Acta Crystallographica Section B| volume = 57| issue = 3| pages = 372–377| year = 2001| last1 = Van Langevelde | first1 = A. | last2 = Peschar | first2 = R. | last3 = Schenk | first3 = H. | doi-access = | pmid = 11373397}}

| SpaceGroup = P{{overline|1}} (β-form)

| PointGroup =

| LattConst_a = 12.0053 Å

| LattConst_b = 51.902 Å

| LattConst_c = 5.445 Å (β-form)

| LattConst_alpha = 73.752

| LattConst_beta = 100.256

| LattConst_gamma = 117.691

}}

|Section7={{Chembox Hazards

| FlashPtC = 300

| FlashPt = ≥

| FlashPt_notes = closed cup

| AutoignitionPtC =

| NFPA-H = 1

| NFPA-F = 1

| NFPA-R = 0

| NFPA_ref = {{cite web|url = http://www.swna.us/MSDS/Stearin%20Wax%20MSDS.pdf|title = MSDS of Stearin Wax|website = www.swna.us|accessdate = 2014-06-19|publisher = Sasol Wax North America Corp.|archive-date = 2016-03-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304043537/http://www.swna.us/MSDS/Stearin%20Wax%20MSDS.pdf|url-status = dead}}

| LD50 = 2000 mg/kg (rats, oral)

}}

}}

Stearin {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɪər|ᵻ|n}}, or tristearin, or glyceryl tristearate is an odourless, white powder. It is a triglyceride derived from three units of stearic acid. Most triglycerides are derived from at least two and more commonly three different fatty acids.{{cite encyclopedia |author=Alfred Thomas |encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |publisher=Wiley-VCH |place=Weinheim |year=2002 |doi=10.1002/14356007.a10_173 |chapter=Fats and Fatty Oils |isbn=978-3527306732}} Like other triglycerides, stearin can crystallise in three polymorphs. For stearin, these melt at 54 (α-form), 65, and {{nowrap|72.5 °C}} (β-form).{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1007/BF02643296| title = Thermal properties of fats and oils| journal = Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society| volume = 24| issue = 5| pages = 140| year = 1947| last1 = Charbonnet | first1 = G. H. | last2 = Singleton | first2 = W. S.| s2cid = 101805872}}

Note that stearin is also used to mean the solid component of an oil or fat that can be separated into components that melt at higher (the stearin) and lower (the olein) temperatures. This is the usage meant in an example such as palm stearin.