tape op
{{Short description|Worker performing menial tasks in a recording studio}}
{{for|the magazine|Tape Op}}
A tape operator or tape op, also known as a second engineer, is a person who performs menial operations in a recording studio in a similar manner to a tea boy or gopher.{{cite book|title=Reformatted: Code, Networks, and the Transformation of the Music Industry|first=Andrew|last=Leyshon|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=122|year=2014|isbn=978-0-199-57241-0}} They may act as an apprentice or an assistant to a recording engineer and duties can consist of threading audio tape, setting up microphones and stands, configuring MIDI equipment and cables, and sometimes pressing the relevant transport controls on the recorder or digital audio workstation.{{sfn|MacDonald|1997|p=439}} Abbey Road Studios always assigned at least one tape op to each recording session.{{cite book|title=Recording the Beatles: the studio equipment and techniques used to create their classic albums|first1=Kevin|last1=Ryan|first2=Brian|last2=Kehew|year=2006|publisher=Curvebender|page=43|isbn=978-0-978-52000-7}}
History and prospects
The role of tape op was a useful entry into a professional recording environment, and several went on to successful careers as engineers and record producers. The music and film soundtrack producer John Kurlander started his production career at Abbey Road Studios in 1967 as a tea boy, progressing to principal tape op (or assistant engineer) by 1969.{{cite book|title=Soundtrack Nation: Interviews with Today's Top Professionals in Film, Videogame, and Television Scoring|page=135|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2010|isbn=978-1-435-45762-1}} He was partially responsible for including "Her Majesty" on the Beatles' Abbey Road after carefully splicing a discarded take of the song onto the master tape.{{sfn|MacDonald|1997|p=311}} Alan Parsons also began his production career as an Abbey Road tape op, which led to him to assisting with the mixing of Pink Floyd's Atom Heart Mother and engineering on The Dark Side of the Moon.{{cite journal|url=http://www.tapeop.com/interviews/42/alan-parsons/|title=Alan Parsons: Life after Abbey Road|journal=Tape Op Magazine|date=15 July 2004|access-date=10 February 2015}}
Due to the increasing ability to produce professional quality recordings at home studios, the experience that can be gained by working as a tape op is being lost, resulting in people having a harder learning curve with music engineering and production.{{cite book|title=Mixing Secrets for the Small Studio|first=Mike|last=Senior|page=80|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2011|isbn=978-0-240-81580-0}}
References
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- {{cite book| last =MacDonald | first = Ian| authorlink = Ian MacDonald| title = Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties| edition = First Revised| year = 1997| publisher = Pimlico (Random House)| location = London| isbn = 978-0-7126-6697-8 }}
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