teaching

{{Short description|Process or activity of imparting knowledge and skills}}

Image:Students_of_Nan_Hua_High_School,_Singapore,_in_the_school_hall_-_20060127.jpg]]

Teaching is the practice implemented by a teacher aimed at transmitting skills (knowledge, know-how, and interpersonal skills) to a learner, a student, or any other audience in the of an educational institution. Teaching is closely related to learning, the student's activity of appropriating this knowledge.{{cite book |last1=Musial |first1=Manuel |title=How to design a teaching course |last2=Pradere |first2=Fabienne |last3=Tricot |first3=André |publisher=De Boeck |year=2012 |isbn=978-2-8041-6936-7 |location=Brussels}}

Teaching is part of the broader concept of education.{{cite book |author1=Chessex-Viguet |first=Christiane |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/922630409 |title=Penser l'école |publisher=L'Harmattan |year=2015 |isbn=978-2-343-06826-8 |location=Paris |oclc=922630409}}{{cite book |last1=Ver |first1=Naïl |title=Professeur des écoles: droits, responsabilités, carrière |last2=Paul |first2=Adeline |last3=Malki |first3=Farid |publisher=Retz Éditions |year=2014 |isbn=9782725632520 |language=fr |trans-title=School teacher: rights, responsibilities, career |oclc=871305750}}

File:A_college_professor_teaching_in_a_university_classroom_full_of_students_in_Tennessee,_United_States_06.jpg

Profession

Training

Teaching in non-human animals

Teaching has been considered uniquely human because of mentalistic definitions. Indeed, in psychology, teaching is defined by the intention of the teacher, which is to transmit information and/or behavior and/or skill. This implies the need for the teacher to assess the knowledge state of the potential learner, thus to demonstrate theory of mind abilities. As theory of mind and intentions are difficult (if not impossible) to assess in non-humans, teaching was considered uniquely human.{{cite journal |last1=Kline |first1=Michelle Ann |title=How to learn about teaching: An evolutionary framework for the study of teaching behavior in humans and other animals |journal=Behavioral and Brain Sciences |date=2015 |volume=38 |pages=e31 |doi=10.1017/S0140525X14000090 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/abs/how-to-learn-about-teaching-an-evolutionary-framework-for-the-study-of-teaching-behavior-in-humans-and-other-animals/017C2C246E9C206562CAE3DB590B01EC}}

However, if teaching is defined by its function, it is then possible to assess its presence among non-human species. Caro and Hauser{{cite journal |last1=Caro |first1=T.M. |last2=Hauser |first2=M.D. |title=Is There Teaching in Nonhuman Animals? |journal=The Quarterly Review of Biology |date=1992 |volume=67 |issue=2 |pages=151–174 |doi=10.1086/417553 |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/417553}} suggested a functionalist definition. For a behavior to be labeled as teaching, three criteria must be met :

The behavior of the "teacher" must be observed only in the presence of a naive individual
The behavior represents a cost for the teacher, or at least no direct benefit
The possible consequence of the behavior is a learning gain for the learner

teaching

Profession

Training

Teaching in non-human animals

See also

References

Further reading