tenuis retroflex click

{{Short description|Consonantic sound}}

{{Infobox IPA

|above={{nowrap|Tenuis retroflex velar click}}

|ipa symbol=k͡𝼊   k͡ψ

|ipa symbol2=ᵏ𝼊   ᵏψ

|ipa symbol3=𝼊   ψ

|kirshenbaum=t.!

}}

{{Infobox IPA

|above={{nowrap|Tenuis retroflex uvular click}}

|ipa symbol=q͡𝼊   q͡ψ

|ipa symbol2=𐞥𝼊   𐞥ψ

}}

{{main|Retroflex click}}

The voiceless or more precisely tenuis retroflex click is a rare click consonant. In practical orthography, an ad hoc symbol {{angbr IPA|‼}} is used for the retroflex clicks; a tenuis click with a velar rear articulation is {{angbr IPA|k͡‼}} or {{angbr IPA|k͜‼}}, commonly abbreviated to {{angbr IPA|k‼}}, {{angbr IPA|ᵏ‼}} or just {{angbr IPA|‼}}.

The implicit symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is {{angbr IPA|k͡𝼊}} or {{angbr IPA|k͜𝼊}}, abbreviated {{angbr IPA|k𝼊}}, {{angbr IPA|ᵏ𝼊}} or just {{angbr IPA|𝼊}}.{{cite web |title= Unicode proposal L2/20-115R: Unicode request for additional phonetic click letters |author1= Kirk Miller |author2= Bonny Sands |date= 1 July 2020 |url= https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20115r-click-letters.pdf}} Linguists who prefer the old IPA letters use the analogous Doke convention{{cite journal|first=Clement M.|last=Doke|year=1925|title=An outline of the phonetics of the language of the ʗhũ: Bushman of the North-West Kalahari|journal=Bantu Studies|volume=2|pages=129–166|doi=10.1080/02561751.1923.9676181}} of {{angbr IPA|k͡ψ}} or {{angbr IPA|k͜ψ}}, abbreviated {{angbr IPA|kψ}}, {{angbr IPA|ᵏψ}} or {{angbr IPA|ψ}}. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are {{angbr IPA|q͡‼, q͜‼, q‼, 𐞥‼}}, {{angbr IPA|q͡𝼊, q͜𝼊, q𝼊, 𐞥𝼊}} and {{angbr IPA|q͡ψ, q͜ψ, qψ, 𐞥ψ}}.

Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. {{angbr IPA|𝼊k}} or {{angbr IPA|𝼊ᵏ}}; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WD8aAQAAIAAJ |title=Afrika und Übersee |date=2005 |publisher=D. Reimer |pages=93–94 |language=en}}