thermus
{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}}
{{Other uses|Thermus (disambiguation)}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Thermus aquaticus.JPG
| image_caption = Thermus aquaticus
| taxon = Thermus
| authority = Brock & Freeze 1969
| type_species = Thermus aquaticus
| type_species_authority = Brock & Freeze 1969
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision =
See text
}}
Thermus is a genus of thermophilic bacteria. It is one of several bacteria belonging to the Deinococcota phylum. According to comparative analysis of 16S rRNA, this is one the most ancient group of bacteria. {{Cite journal |last=Woese |first=C R |date=June 1987 |title=Bacterial evolution |journal=Microbiological Reviews |language=en |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=221–271 |doi=10.1128/mr.51.2.221-271.1987 |pmid=2439888 |issn=0146-0749|pmc=373105 }} Thermus species can be distinguished from other genera in the family Thermaceae as well as all other bacteria by the presence of eight conserved signature indels found in proteins such as adenylate kinase and replicative DNA helicase as well as 14 conserved signature proteins that are exclusively shared by members of this genus.{{Cite journal|last1=Ho|first1=Jonathan|last2=Adeolu|first2=Mobolaji|last3=Khadka|first3=Bijendra|last4=Gupta|first4=Radhey S.|date=October 2016|title=Identification of distinctive molecular traits that are characteristic of the phylum "Deinococcus–Thermus" and distinguish its main constituent groups|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2016.07.003|journal=Systematic and Applied Microbiology|volume=39|issue=7|pages=453–463|doi=10.1016/j.syapm.2016.07.003|pmid=27506333 |bibcode=2016SyApM..39..453H |issn=0723-2020}}
Phylogeny
{{See also|Bacterial taxonomy}}
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) {{cite web | author=J.P. Euzéby | url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/thermus | title=Thermus | access-date=2022-07-20 | publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)}} and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).{{cite web |author = Sayers|display-authors = etal| url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=1297&lvl=6&lin |title=Deinococcus–Thermus |access-date=2022-07-20 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database}}{{cite journal | author = Brock TD | author2 = Freeze H | name-list-style = amp | title = Thermus aquaticus, a Nonsporulating Extreme Thermophile | journal = Journal of Bacteriology | volume = 98 | issue = 1 | pages = 289–97 | date = 1969 | pmid = 5781580 | pmc = 249935 | doi = 10.1128/jb.98.1.289-297.1969}}{{cite journal|last1=Chung|first1=A. P.|last2=Rainey|first2=F. A.|last3=Valente|first3=M.|last4=Nobre|first4=M. F.|last5=da Costa|first5=M. S.|title=Thermus igniterrae sp. nov. and Thermus antranikianii sp. nov., two new species from Iceland|journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology|volume=50|issue=1|date=2000|pages=209–217|issn=1466-5026|doi=10.1099/00207713-50-1-209|pmid=10826806|doi-access=free}}
Between all its species, T. thermophilus has a special importance as a model organism for basic and applied research.
- "T. anatoliensis" Kacagan et al. 2016
- "T. caldophilus" Taguchi et al. 1983
- "T. eggertssonii" Peters 2008
- "T. murrieta" Benner et al. 2006
- "T. nonproteolyticus" 1992
- "T. rehai" Lin et al. 2002
- "T. yunnanensis" Gong et al. 2005
Habitats
The strains of the genus Thermus are generally isolated from hydrothermal areas where the range of water temperature is 55–70 °C and that of pH is 5.0–10.5.{{Citation |last1=Da Costa |first1=Milton S. |title=The Genus Thermus and Relatives |date=2006 |work=The Prokaryotes |pages=797–812 |editor-last=Dworkin |editor-first=Martin |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/0-387-30747-8_32 |access-date=2024-06-05 |place=New York, NY |publisher=Springer New York |language=en |doi=10.1007/0-387-30747-8_32 |isbn=978-0-387-25497-5 |last2=Rainey |first2=Fred A. |last3=Nobre |first3=M. Fernanda |editor2-last=Falkow |editor2-first=Stanley |editor3-last=Rosenberg |editor3-first=Eugene |editor4-last=Schleifer |editor4-first=Karl-Heinz}}
The first isolate of the genus Thermus was isolated from hydrothermal areas in Yellowstone National Park. Later on more isolates were obtained from several hydrothermal areas worldwide, such as in Japan,{{Cite journal |last1=Oshima |first1=T. |last2=Imahori |first2=K. |date=1974-01-01 |title=Description of Thermus thermophilus (Yoshida and Oshima) comb. nov., a Nonsporulating Thermophilic Bacterium from a Japanese Thermal Spa |url=https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-24-1-102 |journal=International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology |language=en |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=102–112 |doi=10.1099/00207713-24-1-102 |issn=0020-7713}}{{Cite journal |last1=Saiki |first1=Takashi |last2=Kimura |first2=Ryohei |last3=Arima |first3=Kei |date=January 1972 |title=Isolation and Characterization of Extremely Thermophilic Bacteria from Hot Springs |url=https://academic.oup.com/bbb/article/36/13/2357-2366/5978847 |journal=Agricultural and Biological Chemistry |language=en |volume=36 |issue=13 |pages=2357–2366 |doi=10.1080/00021369.1972.10860589 |issn=0002-1369}} Iceland,{{Cite journal |last1=Pask-Hughes |first1=R. A. |last2=Williams |first2=R. A. D. |date=1977-10-01 |title=Yellow-pigmented Strains of Thermus spp. from Icelandic Hot Springs |journal=Journal of General Microbiology |language=en |volume=102 |issue=2 |pages=375–383 |doi=10.1099/00221287-102-2-375 |doi-access=free |issn=0022-1287}} New Zealand, New Mexico or the Australian Artesian Basin.
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Portal bar|Biology}}
{{Bacteria classification}}
{{Extremophile}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7783265}}