tin triphosphide
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| Name = Tin triphosphide
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| CASNo = 37367-13-8
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| SMILES = [Sn+2].[Sn+4].[P-]1=[P-][P-]=[P-][P-]=[P-]1
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Sn=1 | P=3
| Appearance = black solid
| Density = 4.25 g/cm3
| MeltingPtC = 580
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| Solubility = insoluble
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Tin triphosphide is a binary inorganic compound of tin metal and phosphorus with the chemical formula {{chem2|SnP3}}.{{cite book |last1=Jacobson |first1=Carl Alfred |last2=Hampel |first2=Clifford A. |title=Encyclopedia of Chemical Reactions |date=1946 |publisher=Reinhold Publishing Corporation |page=15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vXYMAQAAIAAJ&q=tin+triphosphide+snp3 |access-date=28 March 2024 |language=en}}
Structure
X-ray crystallography reveals that tin triphosphide is not a triphosphide. It is a hexaphosphide, with P66- rings. These ruffled P6 rings form three short (2.66 Å) and three long (2.95 Å) Sn-P bonds. The result is that Sn(II) adopts highly distorted octahedral geometry. The structure of tin triphosphide resembles that of gray arsenic, which also features corrugated, linked six-membered (As6) rings, wherein each arsenic atom has a highly distorted octahedral geometry. Germanium triphosphide and tin triphosphide are similar structurally as well.
Tin triphosphide forms triclinic crystals, spatial group R3m with six formula units in a unit cell of dimensions a = 7.378 Å and c = 10.512 Å.{{cite journal |last1=Gullman |first1=Jan |last2=Olofsson |first2=Olle |title=The crystal structure of SnP3 and a note on the crystal structure of GeP3 |journal=Journal of Solid State Chemistry |date=1 November 1972 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=441–445 |doi=10.1016/0022-4596(72)90091-6 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0022459672900916 |access-date=28 March 2024 |issn=0022-4596}}{{cite web |title=mp-7541: SnP3 (trigonal, R-3m, 166) |url=https://legacy.materialsproject.org/materials/mp-7541/ |publisher=Materials Project |access-date=28 March 2024}}
Preparation and occurrence
Tin triphosphide can be formed from the fusion of stoichiometric amounts of both elements at 580 °C:
:{{chem2|Sn + 3P -> SnP3}}
Related compounds
- SnP, which has the sodium chloride structure.{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/ic50084a032 |title=Synthesis, Structure, and Superconducting Properties of New High-Pressure Forms of Tin Phosphide |date=1970 |last1=Donohue |first1=Paul C. |journal=Inorganic Chemistry |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=335–337 }}
- Sn4P3{{cite journal |doi=10.3891/acta.chem.scand.21-1659 |title=On the Crystal Structure of Sn4P3 |date=1967 |last1=Olofsson |first1=Olle |last2=Jerslev |first2=Bodil |last3=Thom |first3=Erling |last4=Stoll |first4=E. |last5=Eriksson |first5=G. |last6=Blinc |first6=R. |last7=Paušak |first7=S. |last8=Ehrenberg |first8=L. |last9=Dumanović |first9=J. |journal=Acta Chemica Scandinavica |volume=21 |pages=1659–1660 }}
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Phosphorus compounds}}
{{Tin compounds}}
{{Phosphides}}