treaty of Athis-sur-Orge
{{Short description|1305 treaty ending the Franco-Flemish War}}
Image:Blason Nord-Pas-De-Calais.svg
The Treaty of Athis-sur-Orge was a peace treaty signed on 23 June 1305 between King Philip IV of France and Robert III of Flanders.{{sfn|Strickland|2010|p=85}} The treaty was signed at Athis-sur-Orge after the Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle and concluded the Franco-Flemish War (1297–1305).
Despite winning the battle at Mons-en-Pévèle, Philip's kingdom was too financially and militarily drained to take advantage of it.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}} The treaty instead imposed a heavy price.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}}
Terms
The cities of Lille, Douai, and Orchies were allocated to the French crown.{{sfn|Sumption|1999|p=185}} In return, the treaty's terms allowed Flanders to preserve its independence with the Count of Flanders but as a fiefdom of France. At the same time, the treaty provided a yearly penalty of 20,000 pond and reparations of 400,000 pond paid by the Flemish.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}} They also were required to furnish Philip with 600 knights and to tear down the fortresses around large cities.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}} Bruges was mandated to send 3,000 individuals on pilgrimage, and 1,000 of them were required to travel overseas.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}}
Robert III of Flanders faced the impossible task of placating the French monarchy and trying to keep the Flemish cities from revolting.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}} It was not until after 1309 that some monetary reparations were paid.{{sfn|TeBrake|1993|p=35}}
Uprisings
Because the financial terms of the treaty were so severe, it was met with wide disapproval in Flanders.{{sfn|Kittell|1991|p=109}} In June 1310, Pope Clement V, under pressure from Philip, stated that those who failed to fulfill the terms of the treaty would be excommunicated.{{sfn|Jordan|1995|p=311}} Aardenburg and Ghent suffered riots in 1311 during tax collection.{{sfn|TeBrake|1993|p=35}} Flemish farmers and the middle class were hit the hardest, and the Peasant Revolt in Flanders broke out in 1323.{{sfn|Verbruggen|1997|p=153}}
The peasants' revolt turned into a popular uprising, which dominated politics for five years in Flanders. It was crushed in 1328 at the Battle of Cassel.
See also
References
{{reflist}}
Sources
- {{cite book |chapter=The Capetians from the death of Philip II to Philip IV |first=William Chester |last=Jordan |title=The New Cambridge Medieval History |volume=5, c. 1198–c. 1300 |editor-first1=David |editor-last1=Abulafia |editor-first2=Michael |editor-last2=Jones |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1995 }}
- {{cite book |title=From Ad Hoc to Routine: A Case Study in Medieval Bureaucracy |first=Ellen E. |last=Kittell |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |year=1991 }}
- {{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology |editor-first=Clifford J. |editor-last=Rogers |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |volume=2: East-Menf |title=The Wars of Philip the Fair and his Successors, 1285–1328 |first=Matthew |last=Strickland }}
- {{cite book |title=The Hundred Years War |volume=1, Trial by Battle |first=Jonathan |last=Sumption |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |year=1999 }}
- {{cite book |title=A Plague of Insurrection: Popular Politics and Peasant Revolt in Flanders, 1323–1328 |first=William H. |last=TeBrake |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |year=1993 }}
- {{cite book |title=The Art of Warfare in Western Europe During the Middle Ages: From the Eighth Century to 1340 |first=J. F. |last=Verbruggen |publisher=The Boydell Press |year=1997 }}
External links
- [http://p2.www.britannica.com/eb/article-9038608/Guy#133293.hook Encyclopædia Britannica – Guy]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}
- [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/fr-flndr.html Flanders (Traditional province, France)]