tutejszy

The term was first used in an official publication in 1922 {{Sfn|Zinkevičius|1994|p=82}} in the preliminary results of the Polish census of 1921 (Miesięcznik Statystyczny, vol. V). An indigenous nationality ({{Langx|fr|Nationalité Indigène}}; {{Langx|pl|Narodowość tutejsza}}) was declared by 38,943 persons, with the vast majority being Orthodox (38,135) and from rural areas (36,729). The Census stated that this category was for "population who could not describe their ethnicity in any other way".{{cite book | url=http://statlibr.stat.gov.pl/exlibris/aleph/a22_1/apache_media/81QB7CFELH8SBCE3HAX9HCEJA8X337.pdf | trans-title=Ludność według wyznania religijnego i narodowości |title=Population of Poland according to religious denominations and nationality | publisher=GUS | work=First National Census of 30 September 1921 | date=1927 |location=Warszawa | accessdate=14 October 2015 | author=Central Statistical Office of the Polish Republic | at=page 80/109 in PDF, page 56 in census results: Table XI. }} This census did not include the Vilnius Region.

File:Poleshuks.png

There are mixed opinions about the reasons, meaning, and implications of this term.{{Sfn|Majecki|2012}}{{Sfn|Korniluk|2007}} In the Polish census of 1931 asked respondents to identify their mother tongue. “Tutejszy” was included and was chosen by 707,088 respondents.{{cite book|author=Tadeusz Piotrowski|title=Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918–1947|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hC0-dk7vpM8C&pg=PA294|year=1998|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-0371-4|page=294}} Lithuanian researchers assert that within ethnographic Lithuania, the Tutejszy were mostly Slavicized Lithuanians.{{Sfn|Šapoka|2013|p=216}}{{Sfn|Budreckis|1967}} {{ill|Björn Wiemer|de}} argues that a considerable contribution to Slavicization of the area was a significant influx of Ruthenian (Belarusian) peasantry in the area, especially after considerable depopulation due to plague.

Report on the Latvian census of 1930 describes {{Lang|lv|tuteiši}} as Catholics of Latgale, who spoke Polish, Latvian and Russian equally and lacked ethnic identity (the Latvian census did not recognize these people as having a separate ethnic identity). The report notes that they could easily change their identity on a whim or after being persuaded by nationalist organizations, producing sharp changes in the ethnic composition of some areas, the most noticeable changes being a decrease in the number of Belarusians in ten years since 1920 from 75,630 to 36,029 and number of Poles increasing more than could be explained with natural growth and immigration, suggesting that some 5,000 Tutejszy had chosen to identify as Poles. In addition, uncertain number of them presumably chose to identify as Russians or Latvians.{{cite book|last=Skujenieks|first=M.|title=Trešā tautas skaitīšana Latvijā 1930. gadā|publisher=Valsts statistikas pārvalde|location=Rīga|date=1930|url=http://www.csb.gov.lv/sites/default/files/1930_tautas_skaitisana.pdf|language=Latvian}}

The group's speech ({{Lang|pl|język tutejszy}}, "local language") was described by {{ill|Björn Wiemer|de}} as “an uncodified and largely undescribed Belarusian vernacular”. {{ill|Björn Wiemer|de}}, "Dialect and language contacts on the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the 15th century until 1939", In: {{cite book|author1=Kurt Braunmüller|author2=Gisella Ferraresi|title=Aspects of multilingualism in European language history|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7KraXiQo_uIC&pg=PA107|access-date=3 February 2011|year=2003|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Company|isbn=978-90-272-1922-0|pages=107}}

According to Polish professor Jan Otrębski's article published in 1931, the Polish dialect in the Vilnius Region and in the northeastern areas in general are very interesting variant of Polishness as this dialect developed in a foreign territory which was mostly inhabited by the Lithuanians who were Belarusized (mostly) or Polonized, and to prove this Otrębski provided examples of Lithuanianisms in the Tutejszy language.{{cite journal |last1=Nitsch |first1=Kazimierz |last2=Otrębski |first2=Jan |title=Język Polski. 1931, nr 3 (maj/czerwiec) |date=1931 |pages=80–85 |url=http://mbc.malopolska.pl/dlibra/plain-content?id=15400 |access-date=3 November 2023 |publisher=Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Komisja Języka Polskiego |language=pl}}{{cite web |last1=Martinkėnas |first1=Vincas |title= Vilniaus ir jo apylinkių čiabuviai |url=https://alkas.lt/2016/12/19/is-rytu-lietuvos-lenkinimo-istorijos-vincas-martinkenas-vilniaus-ir-jo-apylinkiu-ciabuviai/ |website=Alkas.lt |access-date=3 November 2023 |language=lt |date=19 December 2016}}

In 2015, Polish linguist {{ill|Mirosław Jankowiak|pl}} attested that many of the Vilnius Region's inhabitants who declare Polish nationality speak a Belarusian dialect which they call mowa prosta ('simple speech').{{Cite web|last1=Jankowiak |first1=Miroslaw|url=http://zw.lt/opinie/jankowiak-mowa-prosta-jest-dla-mnie-synonimem-gwary-bialoruskiej/|title="Mowa prosta" jest dla mnie synonimem gwary białoruskiej|date = 26 August 2015|language=pl}}

• Poleshuks
• Podlashuks
• Kresy
• Krajowcy
• Simple speech

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{Cite journal|last=Budreckis|first=Algirdas|date=1967|title=ETNOGRAFINĖS LIETUVOS RYTINĖS IR PIETINĖS SIENOS|url=http://partizanai.org/karys-1967m-7-8/5742-etnografines-lietuvos-rytines-ir-pietines-sienos|journal=Karys}}
• {{Cite web|last=Korniluk|first=Marcin|date=2007|title=Ja tutejszy...|url=http://olszowka.free.ngo.pl/biortute.htm|url-status=live|website=Stowarzyszenie "Olszówka"|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927194221/http://olszowka.free.ngo.pl/biortute.htm|archive-date=2007-09-27|language=Polish}}
• {{Cite book|last=Lieven|first=Anatol|url=https://archive.org/details/balticrevolution0000liev/page/160/mode/2up?q=Tuteisi|title=The Baltic revolution: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and the path to independence|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1994|isbn=978-0-300-06078-2}}
• {{Cite journal|last=Lipscomb|first=Glenard P.|date=29 May 1958|title=Extension of Remarks|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_congressional-record-proceedings-and-debates_may-27-june-19-1958_104_appendix/page/n107/mode/2up?q=Tutejszy|journal=Congressional Record|volume=104 – Appendix}}
• {{Cite web|last=Majecki|first=Henryk|date=2012|title=Problem samookreślenia narodowego Poleszuków w Polsce okresu międzywojennego|trans-title=The problem of national self-determination of Poleshuks in Poland in the interwar period|url=https://archive.today/20120715155200/http://languages.miensk.com/Lang_Eu_As_Af/Indoeuropean/Westpalesian/majecki.htm|website=МОВЫ CВЕТУ [World's Languages]|language=Polish}}
• {{Cite book|last=Richmond|first=Yale|url=https://archive.org/details/fromdatoyesunder0000rich/page/308/mode/2up?q=Tutejszy|title=From Da to Yes: understanding the East Europeans|publisher=Intercultural Press|year=1995|isbn=9781877864308|location=United States of America}}
• {{Cite book|last=Stakauskas|first=Juozapas|url=https://archive.org/details/stakauskas-naujieji-nacionalizmai-ir-kataliku-baznycia-lietuvoje-2003/page/302/mode/2up?q=Tutejszy|title=Naujieji nacionalizmai ir Katalikų Bažnyčia Lietuvoje|publisher=Aidai|year=2003|isbn=9955445688|language=Lithuanian}}
• {{Cite book|last=Šapoka|first=Adolfas|url=https://archive.org/details/sapoka-rastai-t.-1-2013/page/216/mode/2up?q=Tutejszy|title=Raštai|publisher=Edukologija|year=2013|volume=I - Vilniaus Istorija|location=Vilnius|language=Lithuanian}}
• {{Cite book|last=Zinkevičius|first=Zigmas|url=https://archive.org/details/zinkevicius.-.-lki.-6.-lietuviu.kalba.naujaisiais.laikais.-1994.-lt/page/82/mode/2up?q=Tutejszy|title=Lietuvių kalbos istorija|year=1994|volume=VI – Lietuvių kalba naujaisiais laikais|location=Vilnius|language=Lithuanian|author-link=Zigmas Zinkevičius}}

{{Ethnic groups in Lithuania}}

{{Ethnic groups in Poland}}

Category:Ethnic groups in Poland

Category:Ethnic groups in Belarus

Category:Ethnic groups in Ukraine

Category:Ethnic groups in Lithuania

Category:Demographic history of Poland