venous stasis

Potential complications of venous stasis are:

• Venous ulcers
• Blood clot formation in veins (venous thrombosis), that can occur in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis, DVT) or in the superficial veins
• Id reactions{{Cite journal |date=2019-04-20 |title=Autosensitization dermatitis: A case of rosacea-like id reaction|pmc=6479112 |language=en |last1=Ferree |first1=S. D. |last2=Yang |first2=C. |last3=Kourosh |first3=A. S. |journal=JAAD Case Reports |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=410–412 |doi=10.1016/j.jdcr.2019.02.029 |pmid=31049383 }}

Causes{{Cite web |date=2021-08-08 |title=Chronic Venous Insufficiency |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/chronic-venous-insufficiency |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=www.hopkinsmedicine.org |language=en}} of venous stasis include:

• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Previous damage to leg
• Blood clot
• Smoking
• Swelling and inflammation of a vein close to the skin
• Congestive heart failure.{{cite journal|last1=Zhu|first1=Ruiqi|last2=Hu|first2=Yu|last3=Tang|first3=Liang|title=Reduced cardiac function and risk of venous thromboembolism in Asian countries|journal=Thrombosis Journal|volume=15|issue=1|year=2017|page=12|issn=1477-9560|doi=10.1186/s12959-017-0135-3|pmid=28450810|pmc=5404284|doi-access=free}}
• Long periods of immobility that can be encountered from driving,{{cite book|title=Pharmacotherapy Handbook|author1=Barbara G. Wells |author2=Joseph T. DiPiro |author3=Terry L. Schwinghammer |author4=Gary R. Matzke |author5=Gary C. Yee |author6=Robert L. Talbert |author7=L. Michael Posey |pages=163|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|year=2008 |isbn=9780071485012}} flying, bed rest/hospitalization, or having an orthopedic cast. Recommendations by clinicians to reduce venous stasis and DVT/PE often encourage increasing walking, calf exercises, and intermittent pneumatic compression when possible.{{cite web |url=http://www.chestnet.org/News/ACCP-Clinical-News/2012/02/ACCP-Antithrombotic-and-Economy-Class-Syndrome |title=New DVT guidelines: no evidence to support "economy class syndrome"; oral contraceptives, sitting in a window seat, advanced age, and pregnancy increase DVT risk in long-distance travelers |date=7 February 2012 |publisher=American College of Chest Physicians |access-date=10 February 2012 |archive-date=18 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131018032407/http://www.chestnet.org/News/ACCP-Clinical-News/2012/02/ACCP-Antithrombotic-and-Economy-Class-Syndrome |url-status=dead }}{{cite book |last=Hecht|first=M. E.|title=A practical guide to hip surgery: from pre-op to recovery |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rATPBt0-rn8C&pg=PA47|year=2010|publisher=Sunrise River Press|isbn=978-1-934716-12-0}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Gould MK, Garcia DA, Wren SM, etal |year=2012 |title=Prevention of VTE in nonorthopedic surgical patients: antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines |journal=Chest |volume=141 |issue= suppl 2 |pages=e227S–e277S |doi=10.1378/chest.11-2297 |pmid=22315263 |pmc=3278061}}
• Weakened Venous valves: these are crucial towards ensuring upward flow to the heart from the lower extremities. If weakened, they may fail to close properly which leads to backwards blood flow/blood pooling. This can lead to slower blood flow in the veins. {{cite web|url=http://www.markwhiteley.co.uk/books-mark-whiteley.php|author=Whiteley MS|title=Understanding Venous Reflux - the cause of varicose veins and venous leg ulcers|year=2011|access-date=January 8, 2015|publisher=Whiteley Publishing|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025190133/http://www.markwhiteley.co.uk/books-mark-whiteley.php|archive-date=October 25, 2017}}

Ultrasonography-Doppler ultrasound

• Virchow's triad

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Category:Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes

Category:Vascular surgery

Category:Preventive medicine