voiced retroflex click

{{Short description|Consonantal sound}}

{{Infobox IPA

|above={{nowrap|Voiced retroflex velar click}}

|ipa symbol=ɡ͡𝼊   ɡ͡ψ

|ipa symbol2=ᶢ𝼊   ᶢψ

|ipa symbol3=𝼊̬  ‼᪶  ψ̬

}}

{{Infobox IPA

|above={{nowrap|Voiced retroflex uvular click}}

|ipa symbol=ɢ͡𝼊   ɢ͡ψ

|ipa symbol2=𐞒𝼊   𐞒ψ

}}

{{main|Retroflex click}}

The voiced retroflex click is a rare click consonant. In practical orthography, an ad hoc symbol {{angbr IPA|‼}} is used for the retroflex clicks; a voiced click with a velar rear articulation is {{angbr IPA|ɡ͡‼}} or {{angbr IPA|ɡ͜‼}}, commonly abbreviated to {{angbr IPA|ɡ‼}}, {{angbr IPA|ᶢ‼}} or {{angbr IPA|‼̬}}.

The implicit symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is {{angbr IPA|ɡ͡𝼊}} or {{angbr IPA|ɡ͜𝼊}}, abbreviated {{angbr IPA|ɡ𝼊}}, {{angbr IPA|ᶢ𝼊}} or {{angbr IPA|𝼊̬}}.{{cite web |title= Unicode proposal L2/20-115R: Unicode request for additional phonetic click letters |author1= Kirk Miller |author2= Bonny Sands |date= 1 July 2020 |url= https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20115r-click-letters.pdf}} Linguists who prefer the old IPA letters use the analogous Doke convention{{cite journal|first=Clement M.|last=Doke|year=1925|title=An outline of the phonetics of the language of the ʗhũ: Bushman of the North-West Kalahari|journal=Bantu Studies|volume=2|pages=129–166|doi=10.1080/02561751.1923.9676181}} of {{angbr IPA|ɡ͡ψ}} or {{angbr IPA|ɡ͜ψ}}, abbreviated {{angbr IPA|ɡψ}}, {{angbr IPA|ᶢψ}} or {{angbr IPA|ψ̬}}. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are {{angbr IPA|ɢ͡‼, ɢ͜‼, ɢ‼, 𐞒‼}}, {{angbr IPA|ɢ͡𝼊, ɢ͜𝼊, ɢ𝼊, 𐞒𝼊}} and {{angbr IPA|ɢ͡ψ, ɢ͜ψ, ɢψ, 𐞒ψ}}.

Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. {{angbr IPA|𝼊ɡ}} or {{angbr IPA|𝼊ᶢ}}; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WD8aAQAAIAAJ |title=Afrika und Übersee |date=2005 |publisher=D. Reimer |pages=93–94 |language=en}}