vulvoplasty
{{Short description|Operation to construct or reconstruct a vulva}}
Vulvoplasty, also known as zero-depth vaginoplasty,{{Cite journal |last=Ferrando |first=Cecile A. |date=June 2023 |title=Updates on feminizing genital affirmation surgery (vaginoplasty) techniques |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nau.25088 |journal=Neurourology and Urodynamics |language=en |volume=42 |issue=5 |pages=931–938 |doi=10.1002/nau.25088 |pmid=36423307 |s2cid=253879060 |issn=0733-2467|url-access=subscription |doi-access=free }} is a plastic surgery procedure for altering the appearance of one's vulva or constructing a vulva from penile and scrotal tissue (a neovulva).
File:Dr.OttoPlacikVaginoplasty.JPG, pre- and post-op. The labia minora has been reduced in size.]]
File:Labiaplasty with clitoral hood reduction and Princess Albertina piercing 2.jpg and labiaplasty]]
Surgery
=Reasons for vulvoplasty=
Women with congenital disorders or women post-vulvectomy or with genital trauma may receive vulvoplasty for medical reasons.
Women who experience vulvar discomfort may also receive vulvoplasty.
=Gender-affirming surgery=
{{further| Gender-affirming surgery (male-to-female)}}
In gender-affirming surgery, some male-to-female transgender patients receive vulvoplasty without vaginoplasty to reconstruct the exterior of female genitalia.{{Sfn|Bellringer|2017|p=249}}
During clitoroplasty, a clitoris is made from the tissue of the glans penis.{{cite book|last=Koch|first=Anne L.|title=It Never Goes Away: Gender Transition at a Mature Age|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=2019|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BXCCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89|isbn=978-0-81359-839-0}}
Labiaplasty can be performed as a discrete surgery, or as a subordinate procedure within a vaginoplasty.{{cite journal | pmid = 21346521 | doi=10.1097/SAP.0b013e31820d6867 | volume=68 | issue=2 | title=Current trends in vaginal labioplasty: a survey of plastic surgeons |date=February 2012 |vauthors=Mirzabeigi MN, Moore JH, Mericli AF, etal | journal=Ann Plast Surg | pages=125–34| s2cid=36163955 }} The labia minora are typically constructed from genital skin and the labia majora using skin from the scrotum.{{cite book|last=Koch|first=Anne L.|title=It Never Goes Away: Gender Transition at a Mature Age|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=2019|page=89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BXCCEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA89|isbn=978-0-81359-839-0}}
The urinary meatus in trans women is created by shortening the urethra and positioning it above the neovagina in such a way that the urine will descend downward while urinating in a seated position.{{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Jill|title=Urologic Reconstructive Surgery, An Issue of Urologic Clinics, E-Book|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|year=2022|page=439|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgKBEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA439|isbn=978-0-32398-794-3}}
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{Cite book
|last=Bellringer|first=J
|title=Transsexual and Other Disorders of Gender Identity: A Practical Guide to Management
|publisher=Radcliffe Publishing
|year=2017|isbn=9781498793131
|editor-last=Barrett|editor-first=J|location=Oxford, UK|pages=209–220|chapter=Genital surgery}}
{{wiktionary}}
{{Human reproductive health}}
Category:Gynecological surgery