w:Corynebacterium glutamicum

{{Short description|Species of bacterium}}

{{Italic title}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = C_glutamicum_visualized_using_scanning_electron_microscopy.tif

| image_caption = C. glutamicum under scanning electron microscopy.

| taxon = Corynebacterium glutamicum

| authority = (Kinoshita et al. 1958) Abe et al. 1967 (Approved Lists 1980)

| synonyms =

• Brevibacterium divaricatum Su and Yamada 1960 (Approved Lists 1980)
• "Brevibacterium flavum" Okumura et al. 1962
• Corynebacterium lilium Lee and Good 1963 (Approved Lists 1980)
• "Micrococcus glutamicus" Kinoshita et al. 1958

| synonyms_ref = {{cite book|last1=Tatsumi|first1=Nami|last2=Inui|first2=Masayuki|title=Corynebacterium glutamicum: Biology and Biotechnology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGJlb3fzW90C&pg=PA336|date=14 August 2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-642-29857-8|page=336}}{{Cite journal |title=Genome Sequence of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 14067, Which Provides Insight into Amino Acid Biosynthesis in Coryneform Bacteria |last1=Lv |first1=Yangyong |last2=Juanjun |first2=Liao |last3=Wu |first3=Zhanhong |last4=Han |first4=Shuangyan |last5=Lin |first5=Yin |last6=Zheng |first6=Suiping |display-authors=3|journal=Journal of Bacteriology|date=February 2012 |volume=194 |issue=3 |pages=742–743 |pmc=3264075 |doi=10.1128/JB.06514-11 |pmid=22247536}}

}}

Corynebacterium glutamicum is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is used industrially for large-scale production of amino acids,{{Citation |author=Kinoshita, Shukuo; Udaka, Shigezo; Shimono, Masakazu |date=1957 |title=Studies on the amino acid fermentation. Part 1. Production of L-glutamic acid by various microorganisms |journal=Journal of General and Applied Microbiology |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=193–205 |doi=10.2323/jgam.3.193 |pmid=15965888|doi-access=free }}{{Citation |author=Udaka, Shigezo |date=1960 |title=Screening method for microorganisms accumulating metabolites and its use in the isolation of Micrococcus glutamicus |journal=Journal of Bacteriology |volume=79 |issue=5 |pages=754–755 |doi=10.1128/jb.79.5.754-755.1960 |pmid=13840150|pmc=278770 }} especially glutamic acid and lysine.{{cite journal|author1=Kalinowski, J |author2=Bathe, B |author3=Bartels, D |author4=Bischoff, N |author5 = Bott, M |journal=Journal of Biotechnology |volume=104 |issue=1–3 |date=4 September 2003 |pages=5–25 |title=The complete Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 genome sequence and its impact on the production of l-aspartate-derived amino acids and vitamins |pmid=12948626 |doi=10.1016/S0168-1656(03)00154-8 |display-authors=3}} While originally identified in a screen for organisms secreting L-glutamate, mutants of C. glutamicum have also been identified that produce various other amino acids and derivatives of amino acids.{{cite journal|author1=Zahoor A |author2= Lindner SN |author3= Wendisch VF |title=Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum Aimed at Alternative Carbon Sources and New Products |journal=Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal |volume=3 |issue=4 |date= October 2012 |pages=e201210004 |pmid=24688664 |doi=10.5936/csbj.201210004 |pmc=3962153}}

Due to its industrial importance, several clones of C. glutamicum have been sequenced by both industry and academic groups. Furthermore, small RNA data was obtained by RNA-Seq in C. glutamicum ATCC 13032.{{Cite journal|last1=Mentz|first1=Almut|last2=Neshat|first2=Armin|last3=Pfeifer-Sancar|first3=Katharina|last4=Pühler|first4=Alfred|last5=Rückert|first5=Christian|last6=Kalinowski|first6=Jörn|display-authors=3|date=2013-10-19|title=Comprehensive discovery and characterization of small RNAs in Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032|journal=BMC Genomics|volume=14|issue=1 |pages=714|doi=10.1186/1471-2164-14-714|issn=1471-2164|pmc=4046766|pmid=24138339 |doi-access=free }} The metabolism of this strain has been reconstructed and is available in the form of a genome-scale metabolic model.{{cite journal|last1 = Feierabend |first1 = Martina|last2 = Renz|first2 = Alina|last3 = Zelle|first3 = Elisabeth|last4 = Nöh|first4 = Katharina|last5 = Wiechert|first5 = Wolfgang|last6 = Dräger |first6 = Andreas|display-authors=3|title = High-Quality Genome-Scale Reconstruction of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032|doi = 10.3389/fmicb.2021.750206|pmid = 34867870|pmc = 8634658|issn= 1664-302X|journal = Frontiers in Microbiology|date = 2021|issue = 10|pages = 3432|volume= 12|doi-access = free}}