yellow-bellied flycatcher
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Yellow-bellied flycatcher
| image = Yellow-bellied Flycatcher - Empidonax flaviventris.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Empidonax
| species = flaviventris
| authority = (Baird, WM & Baird, SF, 1843)
| range_map = Empidonax flaviventris map.svg
| range_map_caption = Approximate distribution map
{{leftlegend|#FF7F2A|Breeding}}
{{leftlegend|#FFDD55|Migration}}
{{leftlegend|#5F8DD3|Non-breeding}}
}}
The yellow-bellied flycatcher (Empidonax flaviventris) is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.
Description
Adults have greenish upperparts and yellowish underparts (especially on the throat), with a dusky wash on the chest. They have a white or yellow eye ring that lacks the teardrop projection of Pacific-slope (E. difficilis) or cordilleran (E. occidentalis) flycatchers, white or yellowish wing bars that contrast strongly against the black wings, a broad, flat bill, and a relatively short tail when compared to other members of the genus. The upper mandible of the bill is dark, while the lower mandible is orange-pink. DNA testing in 2014 confirmed a field mark, involving the extent of buffy edging on the secondaries, to reliably distinguish this species from the two so-called "Western Flycatchers."{{cite web |last1=Engel |first1=Joshua |title=A first for Illinois, discovered in The Field Museum's collection |url=https://www.fieldmuseum.org/blog/first-illinois-discovered-field-museums-collection |publisher=Field Museum of Natural History |access-date=19 February 2022 |date=26 November 2014}}{{cite web |last1=Engel |first1=Joshua |title=Follow up: A first for Illinois, discovered in the Field Museum's collection |url=https://www.fieldmuseum.org/blog/follow-first-illinois-discovered-field-museums-collection |publisher=Field Museum of Natural History |access-date=19 February 2022 |date=2 December 2014}}
- Length: {{convert|5.1|-|5.9|in|cm|abbr=on}}
- Weight: {{convert|0.3|-|0.6|oz|g|abbr=on}}
- Wingspan: {{convert|7.1|-|7.9|in|cm|abbr=on}}
Yellow-bellied flycatchers wait on a perch low or in the middle of a tree and fly out to catch insects in flight, sometimes hovering over foliage. They sometimes eat berries or seeds.
File:Empidonax flaviventris - Yellow-bellied Flycatcher XC134691.ogg
The yellow-bellied flycatcher's song can be transcribed as a rough, descending "tse-berk", which can be similar to the more common least flycatcher's snappier, more evenly pitched "che-bek."
Breeding
Their breeding habitat is wet northern woods, especially spruce bogs, across Canada and the northeastern United States. They make a cup nest in sphagnum moss on or near the ground.
Migration
These birds migrate to southern Mexico and Central America.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Commons category|Empidonax flaviventris|Yellow-bellied Flycatcher}}
{{Wikispecies|Empidonax flaviventris}}
- [http://www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/BirdGuide/Yellow-bellied_Flycatcher.html Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Species Account] - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- [http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/id/framlst/i4630id.html Yellow-bellied Flycatcher - Empidonax flaviventris] - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter
- [http://www.ec.gc.ca/soc-sbc/oiseau-bird-eng.aspx?sL=e&sY=2011&sB=YBFL&sM=p1 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher], Environment Canada
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110930193600/http://canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/english/species/birds/birdpages/emp_fla.htm Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Canadian range], Canadian Biodiversity Web Site
- {{InternetBirdCollection|yellow-bellied-flycatcher-empidonax-flaviventris|Yellow-bellied Flycatcher}}
- {{VIREO|Yellow-bellied+Flycatcher|Yellow-bellied Flycatcher}}
- {{IUCN_Map|22699839/138029777|Empidonax flaviventris}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1062634}}