yellow mongoose

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Herpestes penicillatus was the scientific name proposed by Georges Cuvier in 1829 for a mongoose specimen from the Cape.{{cite book |author=Cuvier, G. |year=1829 |title=Le règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée |chapter=Les Mangoustes. Cuv. (Herpestes, Illiger) |publisher=Chez Déterville |location=Paris |pages=157–158 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/lergneanimaldi01regn/page/158}}

The generic name Cynictis was proposed by William Ogilby in 1833 for a specimen collected in Kaffraria.{{cite journal |author=Ogilby, W. |year=1833 |title=Characters of a new Genus of carnivorous Mammalia from the collection of Mr. Steedman |journal=Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London |issue=Part 1 |pages=48–49 |url=https://archive.org/details/lietuvostsrmoksl33liet/page/n61/mode/2up}}

Cynictis penicillata is the only member of the genus, but as many as twelve subspecies of yellow mongoose have been described.{{MSW3 Carnivora |id=14000508 |page=564 |heading=Species Cynictis penicillata}}

In general, the yellow mongoose has lighter highlights on the underbelly and chin, a bushy tail, and a complete lack of sexual dimorphism. Southern yellow mongooses are larger, have yellow or reddish fur, longer fur, and a longer tail with a characteristic white tip. Northern subspecies tend towards smaller size, grey colouration, a grey or darker grey tip to the tail, and shorter hair more appropriate to the hotter climate.

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The yellow mongoose is primarily diurnal, though nocturnal activity has been observed. Living in colonies of up to 20 individuals in a permanent burrow complex, the yellow mongoose will often co-exist with Cape ground squirrels or suricates and share maintenance of the warren, adding new tunnels and burrows as necessary. The tunnel system has many entrances, nearby which the yellow mongoose makes its latrines.

The yellow mongoose is a carnivore, feeding mostly on beetles, termites, grasshoppers, crickets, caterpillars, and ants, but also on rodents, small birds, reptiles, amphibians, carrion, eggs, grass, and seeds.{{cite web | url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cynictis_penicillata/ | title=Cynictis penicillata (Yellow mongoose) | website=Animal Diversity Web }} In urban environments in South Africa, it also forages among human food garbage.{{Cite journal |last1=Cronk |first1=E. |last2=Pillay |first2=N. |date=2019 |title=Flexible Use of Urban Resources by the Yellow Mongoose Cynictis penicillata |journal=Animals |volume=9 |issue=7 |pages=447 |doi=10.3390/ani9070447|pmid=31315216 |pmc=6680935 |doi-access=free}}

File:Cynictis penicillata, Lake District Wildlife Park.jpg

The social structure of the yellow mongoose is hierarchical, based around a central breeding pair and their most recent offspring. There are also subadults, the elderly, or adult relatives of the central pair. Male ranges tend to overlap, while females from other dens have contiguous non-overlapping ranges. Every day, the alpha male will mark members of his group with anal gland secretions, and his boundaries with facial and anal secretions, as well as urine. The alpha male also rubs his back against raised objects, leaving behind hair as a visual marker of territory. Other members of the group mark their dens with cheek secretions. A colony can have 20-40 members.

Predators of the yellow mongoose are birds of prey, snakes and jackals. When frightened, the yellow mongoose will growl and secrete from its anal glands. It can also scream, bark, and purr, though these are exceptions, as the yellow mongoose is usually silent, and communicates mood and status through tail movements.

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The yellow mongoose's mating season is between July and September, and it gives birth underground between October and December, with no bedding material, in a clean chamber of the burrow system. Usually, two offspring are produced per pregnancy, and they are weaned at 10 weeks, reaching adult size after 10 months.

There is some concern about the yellow mongoose's role as a natural reservoir of rabies. Most African wild animals die within several weeks of infection with rabies, but it seems that certain genetic strains of the yellow mongoose can carry it asymptomatically, but infectiously, for years.{{cite journal |author=Taylor, P.J. |title=A systematic and population genetic approach to the rabies problem in the yellow mongoose (Cynictis penicillata) |journal=Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=379–387 |date=1993 |pmid=7777324 |url=https://repository.up.ac.za/bitstream/handle/2263/33125/54taylor1993.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}

{{Reflist}}

• N.L. Avenant; J.A.J. Nel: "Comparison of the diet of the yellow mongoose in a coastal and a Karoo area" in South African Journal of Wildlife Research (1992), Volume: 22, p. 89–93.
• O.A.E. Rasa; B.A. Wenhold; P. Howard; A. Marais: "Reproduction in the yellow mongoose revisited" in South African Journal of Zoology (1992), Vol. 27, No. 4, p. 192.
• B.A. Wenhold; O.A.E. Rasa: "Territorial marking in the Yellow mongoose Cynictis penicillata: sexual advertisement for subordinates?" in Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde (1994), Vol.59, No.3, p. 129.

• {{Wikispecies-inline|Cynictis penicillata}}
• {{Commons-inline|Cynictis penicillata}}

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yellow mongoose

Category:Mammals of Southern Africa

yellow mongoose

yellow mongoose