ý
{{short description|Latin letter Y with acute accent}}
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File:Latin letter Y with acute.svg
Ý (ý) is a letter of the Czech, Icelandic, Faroese, Slovak, and Turkmen alphabets, as well being used in romanisations of Russian. In Vietnamese it is a y with a high rising tonal diacritic. It was used in Old Norse, Old Castillian, and Old Astur-Leonese. Originally, the letter Ý was formed from the letter Y and acute accent.
Usage
In Icelandic, Ý is the 29th letter of the alphabet, between Y and Þ. It is read as {{IPA|/i/}} (short) or {{IPA|/iː/}} (long).{{cite web|url=http://icelandcomplete.is/alphabet.html?itemid=077b4521-a686-4582-b1ee-7a8ce2defa62|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508231521/http://icelandcomplete.is/alphabet.html?itemid=077b4521-a686-4582-b1ee-7a8ce2defa62|archive-date=8 May 2016|title=Icelandic alphabet: The Unique Icelandic Letters|publisher=Iceland Complete|access-date=17 October 2016}}
In Turkmen, Ý represents the consonant {{IPAslink|j}}, as opposed to Y, which represents the vowel sound {{IPAslink|ɯ}}.{{cite book |last1=Clifton |first1=John M. |editor1-last=Clifton |editor1-first=John M. |editor2-last=Clifton |editor2-first=Deborah A. |title=Comments on discourse structures in ten Turkic languages |date=2002 |publisher=North Eurasia Group, SIL International |location=St. Petersburg, Russia |pages=293–295 |url=https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/21/39/41/21394156668165125910583975658273486885/14_Alphabets.pdf |chapter=Alphabets of ten Turkic languages}}
In Kazakh, Ý was suggested as a letter for the voiced labio-velar approximant {{IPA|[w]}} (as well as the diphthongs {{IPA|/ʊw/}} and {{IPA|/ʉw/}}); the corresponding Cyrillic letter is У. The 2021 revision proposed the letter U, with the letter U with a macron (Ū) for the U sound in Kazakh.
In the Czech and Slovak languages it represents a long form of the vowel y and cannot occur in initial position. It is pronounced {{IPAslink|iː}}, the same as Í; ý used to represent a distinct sound until it merged with the sound of í by the 15th century. Today it is used to distinguish homophones, such as vít (to weave) and výt (to howl) in Czech.{{cite web |title=Z historie českého pravopisu |trans-title=The history of Czech spelling|url=https://prirucka.ujc.cas.cz/?id=148 |website=Internetová jazyková příručka |publisher=Institute of the Czech Language |access-date=21 August 2023 |location=Prague |language=cs |date=2008–2023}}{{cite web |title=Letters i and y / Pronunciation and orthography |url=https://slovake.eu/learning/grammar/pronunciation%2Fy |website=slovake.eu |access-date=24 August 2023}}
In the Portuguese Language, the letter was used until 1911 in Portugal and 1947 in Brazil. Ý was used in words like: Proparoxýtona, Caýdos and Fýgo. Ý was later substituted by Í or Ì. Ý was used in words originating from the Greek Language.
In romanizations of the Russian language, Ý is used for Ы́, the letter Ы with a diacritic marking stress.
Other uses
In Vietnamese, {{lang|vi|Ý}} means "Italy". The word is a shortened form of {{lang|vi|Ý Đại Lợi}}, which comes from Chinese 義大利 (Yìdàlì in Mandarin, a phonetic rendering of the country's name).
Ý does not exist in Modern Spanish, but the letter has survived in the proper name Aýna, a village in Spain, where it is pronounced as {{IPA|[i]}}.{{cite web |title=Novedades de la Ortografía de la lengua española (2010) |url=https://www.fundeu.es/files/estaticos/FundeuNovedadesOrtografia.pdf |website=Fundéu |access-date=24 August 2023 |date=23 November 2011}} Ý was used in Early Modern Spanish, and it can be observed by some archaic spellings such as the name Ýñigo for Inigo or by the former spelling ýbamos for "íbamos" in older 16th–18th century Spanish writings.
Character mappings
{{charmap
| 00DD | name1 = LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
| 00FD | name2 = LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE
}}