:Bath, Maine

File:Street clock, Bath, Maine.jpg at Front and Centre Streets]]

Abenaki Indians called the area Sagadahoc, meaning "mouth of big river". It was a reference to the Kennebec River, which Samuel de Champlain explored in 1605. Popham Colony was established in 1607 downstream, together with Fort St George. The settlement failed due to harsh weather and lack of leadership, but the colonists built the New World's first oceangoing vessel constructed by English shipwrights, the Virginia of Sagadahoc. It provided passage back to England. Most of Bath, Maine, was settled by travelers from Bath, England.{{Cite book | last = Coolidge | first = Austin J.|author2=John B. Mansfield | title = A History and Description of New England| publisher = A.J. Coolidge | year = 1859| location = Boston, Massachusetts| pages = [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ/page/n77 48]–50| url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OcoMAAAAYAAJ| quote = coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859. }}

The next settlement at Sagadahoc was about 1660, when the land was taken from an Indian sagamore known as Robinhood.{{cite book | last = Prins | first = Harald E. L.| chapter = Chief Rawandagon Alias Robin Hood: Native 'Lord of Misrule' in the Maine Wilderness |title=Northeastern Indian Lives, 1632-1816 | year=1996 |editor-first=Robert | editor-last=Grumet | publisher=University of Massachusetts Press| location=Amherst, Ma | pages = 93–115 }} Incorporated as part of Georgetown in 1753, Bath was set off and incorporated as a town on February 17, 1781. It was named by the postmaster, Dummer Sewall, after Bath in Somerset, England. In 1844, a portion of the town was set off to create West Bath. On June 14, 1847, Bath was incorporated as a city, and in 1854 designated county seat. Land was annexed from West Bath in 1855.

Several industries developed in Bath, including lumber, iron, and brass, with trade in ice and coal. The city and surrounding area is renowned for its shipbuilding and, at one point, was home to more than 200 shipbuilding firms. The industry began in 1743, when Jonathan Philbrook and his sons built two vessels. Since that time, roughly 5,000 vessels have been launched from Bath, which became the nation's fifth largest seaport by the mid-19th century. The clipper ships built in Bath sailed to ports around the world.{{cite web|url=http://history.rays-place.com//me/bath.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130201034103/http://history.rays-place.com//me/bath.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 1, 2013|title=Historical Sketch of Bath Maine|work=rays-place.com}} The last commercial enterprise to build wooden ships in the city was the Percy & Small Shipyard, whose schooner Wyoming is considered the largest wooden ship in world history,{{cite web |title=Largest wooden sailing ship ever |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/725436-largest-wooden-sailing-ship-ever |website=Guinness World Records |access-date=6 September 2024}} and which was acquired for preservation in 1975 by the Maine Maritime Museum.{{cite web |title=Museum History |url=https://www.mainemaritimemuseum.org/history/ |website=Maine Maritime Museum |publisher=Maine Maritime Museum |access-date=7 September 2024}} The most well-known shipyard is the Bath Iron Works, which was founded in 1884 by Thomas W. Hyde. Hyde became the firm's general manager in 1888. It has built hundreds of wooden and steel vessels, mostly warships for the U.S. Navy. During World War II, Bath Iron Works launched one new ship approximately every 17 days. The shipyard today is a major regional employer, and currently operates as a division of the General Dynamics Corporation.

In the Bath, Maine, anti-Catholic riot of 1854, an Irish Catholic church was burned.

The city is noted for its Federal, Greek Revival, and Italianate architecture, including the 1858 Custom House and Post Office designed by Ammi B. Young. Bath is a sister city to Shariki (now Tsugaru) in Japan, where the locally built full-rigged ship Cheseborough was wrecked in 1889. Scenes from the movies Message in a Bottle (1999) and The Man Without a Face (1993) were filmed in Bath.{{cite web|url=http://www.rootsweb.com/~mesagada/bath.htm|title=Bath, Sagadahoc County, Maine|work=rootsweb.com}}

In 1915, Fred Cox, owner of Hallet's Drug Store on Front Street, purchased the street clock standing at the corner of Front and Centre Streets from Boston, where it was built by Seth Thomas Clock Company four years earlier. It was moved from 70 Front Street to its current location in 1966, having been purchased by Harry Crooker. His family later donated it to the city, with the proviso that it be maintained and kept in a continuously operating condition, else it be returned to the family. The clock was restored in 2000.[https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=77085 Bath Street Clock] – Historical Marker Database Crooker established local construction company in 1935. It was sold in 2014, after 79 years of family ownership.[https://www.pressherald.com/2014/10/15/harry-c-crooker-sons-sold/ "Harry C. Crooker & Sons sold"] – The Times Record, October 15, 2014

File:Along the Waterfront, Bath, ME.jpg|Waterfront in 1907

File:Front Street, Bath, ME.jpg|Front Street {{circa|1920}}

File:Custom House & Post Office, Bath, ME.jpg|Custom House {{circa|1905}}

Bath is located at {{coord|43|54|59|N|69|49|21|W|type:city}} (43.916293, −69.822565).{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990|newspaper=Census.gov}}

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of {{convert|13.22|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|9.10|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|4.12|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2012-11-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}

The city of Bath includes several nature preserves that are protected by the Kennebec Estuary Land Trust. These areas include Thorne Head Preserve (located 2.1 miles north of Bath) and Butler Head Preserve (located 5.2 miles north of Bath). There are also numerous parks and walking trails located throughout the town, such as the Whiskeag Trail.

{{US Census population

|1790= 949

|1800= 1225

|1810= 2491

|1820= 3026

|1830= 3773

|1840= 5141

|1850= 8020

|1860= 8076

|1870= 7371

|1880= 7874

|1890= 8723

|1900= 10477

|1910= 9396

|1920= 14731

|1930= 9110

|1940= 10235

|1950= 10644

|1960= 10717

|1970= 9679

|1980= 10246

|1990= 9799

|2000= 9266

|2010= 8514

|2020= 8766

|footnote=sources:{{cite web|url=http://www.library.umaine.edu/census/townsearch.asp?county=Sagadahoc&town=Bath&from=1790&to=2000&optype=ex|title=Maine Census Data Population Totals: Sagadahoc County|publisher=Fogler Library|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720085707/http://www.library.umaine.edu/census/townsearch.asp?county=Sagadahoc&town=Bath&from=1790&to=2000&optype=ex|archive-date=2011-07-20}}

}}

As of the census{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=2012-11-23}} of 2010, there were 8,514 people, 3,932 households, and 2,172 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|935.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 4,437 housing units at an average density of {{convert|487.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 95.1% White, 1.2% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 3,932 households, of which 27.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.5% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.8% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.79.

The median age in the city was 41 years. 22.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.5% were from 45 to 64; and 16.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.7% male and 53.3% female.

As of the census{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }} of 2000, there were 9,266 people, 4,042 households, and 2,344 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,016.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 4,383 housing units at an average density of {{convert|481.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.92% White, 1.60% Black or African American, 0.58% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 0.68% from other races, and 1.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.76% of the population.

There were 4,042 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.8% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.0% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.9 males.

The median household income in the city was $36,372, and the median family income was $45,830. Males had a median income of $35,064 versus $22,439 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,112. About 9.3% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

2013 Voter registration

Maine requires voters to register with a party to vote in primaries, also called a closed primary. However, voters are not required to register with a party to vote for their primary winners in the general election.

{{see also|List of mayors of Bath, Maine}}

File:Erudition Schoolhouse, Bath, ME.jpg

• RSU 1
• Dike-Newell Elementary, grades K–2
• Fisher-Mitchell Elementary, grades 3–5
• Bath Middle School – serves 430 students in grades 6–8 as of 2006. The school's mascot is the Destroyers, a type of ship built by the Bath Iron Works. The school colors are blue and white.
• Morse High School – The Morse High Shipbuilders (team). Sports include Cross Country, Football, Soccer, Cheerleading, Swimming, Basketball, Wrestling, Tennis, Indoor/Outdoor Track & Field, Lacrosse, Softball, and Baseball. Clubs include the International Club, Ambassadors Club, Debate Team, Math Team, and more. The school colors are blue and white. A new school building was completed in 2020, with students moving in during February 2021.{{Cite web |url=http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |title=Morse High School Athletics |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=2017-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118060846/http://mhsathletics.blogs.rsu1.org/ |url-status=dead }} Morse High School (previously Bath High School), which was founded in 1891, is believed to have the oldest active High School Alumni Association{{Cite web|url=http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|title=Regional School Unit 1|website=www.rsu1.org|language=en|access-date=2017-01-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202051907/http://www.rsu1.org/Content2/456|archive-date=2017-02-02|url-status=dead}} in the United States.File:Morse3.jpg
• Hyde School, a college preparatory school – serves 149 students in grades 9–12 as of 2012. The school's mascot is the wolfpack. The school colors are navy blue and gold.{{Cite web | url=http://www.hyde.edu/about/ |title = Hyde School | About}}

• Patten Free Library

{{Main|List of people from Bath, Maine}}

• {{flagicon|Japan}} – Tsugaru, Aomori, Japan – Friendship City from 2006{{Cite web |url=https://bath-tsugaru.org/|title=Bath-Tsugaru Student Exchange Program |access-date=2022-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121161712/https://bath-tsugaru.org/|archive-date=2022-11-21|url-status=live}}

Bath has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with cold and snowy winters and mild summers. Precipitation is high the whole year, with a sizeable snow pack usually forming during winter months. Compared to inland areas, winters are not severe, although colder than areas right on the ocean. Diurnal temperature variation is strong throughout the year. In winter this means that highs around freezing, while lows in the single-digit Fahrenheit range are common.

{{Weather box

|location = Bath, Maine, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 2000–present

|single line = Y

|Jan record high F = 59

|Feb record high F = 65

|Mar record high F = 79

|Apr record high F = 81

|May record high F = 92

|Jun record high F = 95

|Jul record high F = 97

|Aug record high F = 96

|Sep record high F = 93

|Oct record high F = 85

|Nov record high F = 76

|Dec record high F = 67

|year record high F = 97

|Jan avg record high F = 52.3

|Feb avg record high F = 50.6

|Mar avg record high F = 59.4

|Apr avg record high F = 70.1

|May avg record high F = 84.2

|Jun avg record high F = 86.8

|Jul avg record high F = 89.7

|Aug avg record high F = 87.7

|Sep avg record high F = 85.0

|Oct avg record high F = 74.1

|Nov avg record high F = 64.1

|Dec avg record high F = 55.5

|year avg record high F = 91.9

|Jan high F = 31.1

|Feb high F = 33.5

|Mar high F = 40.8

|Apr high F = 52.5

|May high F = 63.1

|Jun high F = 72.3

|Jul high F = 78.6

|Aug high F = 78.3

|Sep high F = 70.5

|Oct high F = 58.6

|Nov high F = 46.8

|Dec high F = 36.5

|year high F = 55.2

|Jan mean F = 20.7

|Feb mean F = 21.5

|Mar mean F = 30.6

|Apr mean F = 41.8

|May mean F = 52.0

|Jun mean F = 61.7

|Jul mean F = 68.0

|Aug mean F = 66.9

|Sep mean F = 59.3

|Oct mean F = 48.0

|Nov mean F = 37.2

|Dec mean F = 27.1

|year mean F = 44.6

|Jan low F = 10.3

|Feb low F = 9.6

|Mar low F = 20.4

|Apr low F = 31.0

|May low F = 40.9

|Jun low F = 51.0

|Jul low F = 57.4

|Aug low F = 55.5

|Sep low F = 48.2

|Oct low F = 37.5

|Nov low F = 27.6

|Dec low F = 17.7

|year low F = 33.9

|Jan avg record low F = -9.5

|Feb avg record low F = -7.4

|Mar avg record low F = 0.9

|Apr avg record low F = 20.5

|May avg record low F = 29.9

|Jun avg record low F = 40.7

|Jul avg record low F = 48.6

|Aug avg record low F = 45.4

|Sep avg record low F = 34.2

|Oct avg record low F = 25.4

|Nov avg record low F = 14.5

|Dec avg record low F = 0.8

|year avg record low F = -13.5

|Jan record low F = −23

|Feb record low F = −22

|Mar record low F = −12

|Apr record low F = 15

|May record low F = 25

|Jun record low F = 33

|Jul record low F = 43

|Aug record low F = 39

|Sep record low F = 29

|Oct record low F = 18

|Nov record low F = 5

|Dec record low F = −19

|year record low F = −23

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation inch = 3.74

|Feb precipitation inch = 3.58

|Mar precipitation inch = 4.16

|Apr precipitation inch = 4.31

|May precipitation inch = 3.56

|Jun precipitation inch = 4.42

|Jul precipitation inch = 3.14

|Aug precipitation inch = 3.26

|Sep precipitation inch = 3.92

|Oct precipitation inch = 5.25

|Nov precipitation inch = 4.52

|Dec precipitation inch = 4.59

|year precipitation inch =

|Jan snow inch = 20.0

|Feb snow inch = 18.8

|Mar snow inch = 13.4

|Apr snow inch = 3.0

|May snow inch = 0.0

|Jun snow inch = 0.0

|Jul snow inch = 0.0

|Aug snow inch = 0.0

|Sep snow inch = 0.0

|Oct snow inch = 0.1

|Nov snow inch = 2.5

|Dec snow inch = 14.0

|year snow inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 inch

|Jan precipitation days = 12.2

|Feb precipitation days = 10.1

|Mar precipitation days = 11.3

|Apr precipitation days = 11.5

|May precipitation days = 12.6

|Jun precipitation days = 11.7

|Jul precipitation days = 11.2

|Aug precipitation days = 9.5

|Sep precipitation days = 9.5

|Oct precipitation days = 11.4

|Nov precipitation days = 11.1

|Dec precipitation days = 13.0

|year precipitation days =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in

|Jan snow days = 8.1

|Feb snow days = 6.4

|Mar snow days = 4.8

|Apr snow days = 1.3

|May snow days = 0.0

|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jul snow days = 0.0

|Aug snow days = 0.0

|Sep snow days = 0.0

|Oct snow days = 0.1

|Nov snow days = 1.5

|Dec snow days = 5.9

|Jan snow depth inch = 14.5

|Feb snow depth inch = 16.7

|Mar snow depth inch = 12.6

|Apr snow depth inch = 3.1

|May snow depth inch = 0.0

|Jun snow depth inch = 0.0

|Jul snow depth inch = 0.0

|Aug snow depth inch = 0.0

|Sep snow depth inch = 0.0

|Oct snow depth inch = 0.1

|Nov snow depth inch = 2.0

|Dec snow depth inch = 8.9

|year snow depth inch = 20.0

|source 1 = NOAA

{{cite web

|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00170409&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Bath, ME

|access-date = February 28, 2023

}}

|source 2 = National Weather Service (mean maxima/minima, snow depth 2006–2020)

{{cite web

|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=gyx

|publisher = National Weather Service

|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Gray/Portland

|access-date = February 28, 2023

}}

}}

• Maine Maritime Museum
• Maine's First Ship
• Chocolate Church Arts Center
• Studio Theatre of Bath
• Midcoast Youth Center
• Bath Municipal Band

{{Panorama

| image = File:Sagadahoc Bridge, Bath, Maine, USA 2012.jpg

| alt = Panoramic view of Sagadahoc Bridge, Bath, Maine, USA 2012

| fullwidth = 14462

| fullheight = 2789

| caption = Panoramic view of Sagadahoc Bridge with the old train and elevated road bridge behind it during the Heritage Days festival, Bath, Maine, USA 2012

| height = 226

}}

File:Washington St. from Elm, Bath, ME.jpg|Washington Street in 1914

File:Library Park, Bath, ME.jpg|Library Park in 1917

File:Old City Hall, Bath, ME.jpg|Old City Hall in 1909

File:Oak Grove Bath 2.jpg and, across the street, Maple Grove Cemetery]]

Bath has twenty known cemeteries.[https://www.pressherald.com/2019/01/28/grave-matters-digging-into-baths-ancient-cemeteries/ "Grave matters: Digging into Bath’s ancient cemeteries"] - Portland Press Herald, January 28, 2019 This is a relatively small number compared to neighboring communities (Phippsburg, for example, has over one hundred), because, from the early 1900s, Bath was densely populated, which left less room for family cemeteries.

The city maintains its "big three" cemeteries: Oak Grove, Maple Grove and Calvary. It also manages four smaller burials grounds: Dummer Sewall (Dummer and Beacon streets), David Trufant (claimed by author Parker McCobb Reed in 1894 to be the oldest burying ground in Bath;[https://books.google.com/books?id=UBSLCfFCFcYC&dq=oak+grove+cemetery+bath+maine+history&pg=PA287 History of Bath and Environs, Sagadahoc County, Maine: 1607-1894, Parker McCobb Reed (1894)] Spring and Middle streets), Pettingill (Riverview Road) and Fairview (on Fairview Lane). Only Pettengill has pieces of stones remaining, including that of a Revolutionary War veteran.

Graveyards not managed by the city, which tend to be old family plots, include Harrison (Stoney Island Road), Crawford (North Bath Road), Roberts-Edgecomb (North Bath Road), Edgecomb (North Bath Road), Purington (North Bath and Whiskeag roads), Ham (Ridge and Whiskeag roads), Ward (Bayshore Road) and the "Irish" ground (Varney Mill Road).

The Whittam (or Witham) graveyard (Bayshore Road) and Wise-Welch (North Bath Road), which includes Bath's oldest documented burial in 1749, were identified in the 1970s, but are not found today.

Those found in sources, yet have no burials or exact locations identified, are South Street (possibly South and Washington streets), Marshall (Washington and Marshall streets), the "Turnpike" ground (likely in West Bath), and Marr's Hill (in the area of Corliss and Washington streets).

There is also a Ward Cemetery.

{{reflist}}

• [https://archive.org/details/historybathande00reedgoog History of Bath and Environs, Sagadahoc County, Maine, 1607–1894.] By Parker McCobb Reed. Published 1894. Full image at books.google.
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071014174738/http://destroyerhistory.org/destroyers/bath.html History of Destroyers at Bath Iron Works]

{{Commons category|Bath, Maine}}

{{NSRW Poster|Bath, Me.}}

• [http://www.cityofbath.com/ City of Bath, Maine]
• [http://www.patten.lib.me.us/ Patten Free Library]
• [https://bathhistorical.com/ Bath Historical Society]
• [http://www.sagadahocpreservation.org Sagadahoc Preservation, Inc.]
• [http://www.VisitBath.com/ Main Street Bath]
• [https://www.embarkmainetours.com/ Things to Do Bath Maine]
• [http://www.mfship.org/ Maine's First Ship – Reconstructing the Virginia]

{{Sagadahoc County, Maine}}

{{MELargestCities}}

{{Maine}}

{{Kennebec River}}

{{Maine county seats}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:County seats in Maine

Category:Populated places established in 1753

Category:Portland metropolitan area, Maine

Category:Cities in Sagadahoc County, Maine

Category:Port cities and towns in Maine

Category:1753 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies

Category:Cities in Maine

Category:Populated coastal places in Maine