:Camarillas Formation

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Camarillas Formation

| image = Aliaga parc geológic.jpeg

| caption = The Camarillas Formation crops out in the geological park of Aliaga

| type = Geological formation

| period = Barremian

| age = Barremian
~{{fossil range|130|125}}

| prilithology = Sandstone, mudstone

| otherlithology = Conglomerate

| namedfor = Camarillas

| namedby = Canérot et al.

| year_ts = 1982

| region = Teruel, Aragón

| country = {{flag|Spain}}

| coordinates = {{coord|40.7|N|0.9|W|display=inline}}

| paleocoordinates = {{coord|30.7|N|9.2|E|display=inline}}

| unitof =

| subunits =

| underlies = Artoles Formation

| overlies = El Castellar Formation

| thickness = {{convert|300|-|800|m|ft|abbr=on}}

| extent = Galve Basin

| area =

| map = {{Location map+ | Spain#Spain Aragon

| relief = 1

| width = 250

| float = center

| places =

{{Location map~ | Spain#Spain Aragon

| lat_deg = 40.7

| lon_deg = -0.9

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 10

}}

| map_caption =

}}

The Camarillas Formation is a geological formation in the Teruel Province of Aragón, Spain whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous (Barremian stage). The sandstones, mudstones and conglomerates of the formation, that due to syn-sedimentary faulting varies greatly in thickness from {{convert|300|to|800|m}}, were deposited in fluvial, deltaic and lacustrine environments.

The formation was deposited in the Galve Sub-basin of the Maestrazgo Basin in central-eastern Spain. During deposition, Iberia was an island, separated by seas from North Africa and France. Underlying the Camarillas Formation is the also highly fossiliferous El Castellar Formation and the Artoles Formation rests on top of the formation.Herrero Gascón & Pérez Lorente, 2009, p.68

The Camarillas Formation has provided a rich fossil assemblage of fossils of mammals, snakes, turtles, crocodylians, fish, dinosaurs and their eggs. Various tracksites of families of dinosaurs exist in the formation.

Dinosaur remains have been recovered from the formation.Weishampel et al., 2004, pp. 556-563

Description

File:Iberia 120Ma Barremian zoom.tif

The Camarillas Formation was first formally defined by Canérot et al. in 1982 and later redefined by Salas (1987).Royo Torres et al., 2013, p.5

Both Camarillas and Galve are in the Galve Sub-basin, a section of the Aliaga Basin, in the Iberian Range. All these basins were formed during the Permian–Triassic, when the main faults were active, and they are filled with Mesozoic–Quaternary sediments.

The Upper Permian to Upper Jurassic deposits at the site of the Camarillas Formation are all of continental origin. In a second extensional stage during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, the Atlantic and the Bay of Biscay opened, and the Iberian Peninsula rotated from left to right. At this time, the sediments were marine or showed the influence of the sea, as shown in the deposits of the Higuerueles and Villar del Arzobispo Formations in the Galve Sub-basin. Finally, during the Early Cretaceous and Oligocene–Miocene there were compressive phases with tectonic inversion and formation of continental basins.Sánchez Hernández & Benton, 2014, p.582

Camarillas Formation, in beds of similar age to the La Maca outcrop in the Galve area where the remains of an iguanodontid dinosaur have been found. The Camarillas fossil site is in light brown clay and limestone rocks with fossil wood remains. The sedimentology is similar to that described in the Galve area, because the Camarillas Formation shows scarcely any lateral variations in facies within the Galve Sub-basin.

The Camarillas Formation sandstone is fluviatile, and four groups of paleochannels are distinguished, the first towards the bottom of the succession. These channels become thinner towards the top, and this was interpreted by Díaz and Yébenes (1987) as evidence that there was an alluvial fan with a multichannel system. The lithology of the deposits which fill these channels and their geometry are typical of low-sinuosity channels. Towards the top of the Camarillas Formation, there is a predominance of deltaic fan deposits with marked marine influence. Nevertheless, Soria (1997) mentioned that she found no facies association whose evolution and geometry suggested a well developed deltaic system.Sánchez Hernández & Benton, 2014, p.583

The formation spreads across the Camarillas graben and the Remenderuelas half-graben.Navarrete et al., 2013, p.63

Fossil content

The Camarillas Formation has provided a rich fossil assemblage comprising dinosaurs, crocodiles, snakes, turtles, fish and mammals. Several new species were described from the formation, among others the mammals Galveodon nannothus, Eobaatar hispanicus, Crusafontia cuencana, Lavocatia alfambrensis and Parendotherium herreroi, the turtle Galvechelone lopezmartinezae and the crocodyliform Bernissartia fagesii.

Newly described dinosaurs include Iguanodon galvensis, Gideonmantellia amosanjuanae and Camarillasaurus cirugedae, named after the formation.

The following fossils are reported from the formation:[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Camarillas&group_formation_member=Camarillas Camarillas Formation] at Fossilworks.org

;Fuente Arnar outcrop

near Camarillas village, Teruel Province, Aragón, NE Spain
Type horizon
Light brown clay and limestone beds, in which fossil wood remains are common, of the Camarillas Formation, lower Barremian, Lower Cretaceous
Dinosaurs
Camarillasaurus cirugedae

;Eggs

Guegoolithus turolensisMoreno Azanza et al., 2014

;Cerrada Roya mine[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=36368 Cerrada Roya Mine] at Fossilworks.org

Mammals
Galveodon nannothusCanudo & Cuenca Bescós, 1996, p.217
Eobaatar hispanicus
Parendotherium herreroi
Turtles
Galvechelone lopezmartinezae
Crocodyliforms
Bernissartia fagesii
Theriosuchus sp.
Snakes
Meyasaurus sp.
Paramacellodus sp.
Dinosaurs
?Valdosaurus sp.
Spinosaurinae indet.
Camarasauridae indet.
Nodosauridae indet.
Pterosaurs
Istiodactylidae indet.
Ornithocheiridae indet.
Pterodactyloidea indet.
Fish
Polyacrodus parvidens
Lonchidion microselachos
Rhinobatos sp.

;San Cristóbal 1[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=59075 San Cristóbal 1] at Fossilworks.org

;Poca[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=89275 Poca] at Fossilworks.org

;La Maca 3[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=68489 La Maca 3] at Fossilworks.org

Dinosaurs
Iguanodon bernissartensisRuiz Omeñaca, 2013, p.87
Dromaeosauridae indet.
?Allosauroidea indet.
Other reptiles
Testudines indet.
Crocodylia indet.
Atoposauridae indet.
Fish
Lepidotes sp.
Invertebrates
Unio sp.

;Poyales Barranco Hondo[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=36369 Poyales Barranco Hondo] at Fossilworks.org

;Partida Poyales[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=36372 Partida Poyales] at Fossilworks.org

;Pajar Julián Paricio 2[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=89263 Pajar Julián Paricio 2] at Fossilworks.org

;La Maca[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=68494 La Maca 2] at Fossilworks.org

Elliptio galvensis

Correlation

Gallery

File:Gideonmantellia.jpg|Gideonmantellia

File:Camarillasaurus.jpg|Camarillasaurus

File:Delapparentia by durbed.jpg|Delapparentia

References

= Bibliography =

{{citation |last1=Moreno Azanza |first1=M. |first2=J.I. |last2=Canudo |first3=J.M. |last3=Gasca |year=2014 |title=Spheroolithid eggshells in the Lower Cretaceous of Europe. Implications for eggshell evolution in ornithischian dinosaurs |url=https://www.academia.edu/21759460 |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=51 |pages=75–87 |doi=10.1016/j.cretres.2014.05.017 |bibcode=2014CrRes..51...75M |accessdate=2019-10-10}}
{{citation |last1=Sánchez Hernández |first1=B. |last2=Benton |first2=M.J. |year=2014 |title=Filling the ceratosaur gap: A new ceratosaurian theropod from the Early Cretaceous of Spain |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app20110144.html |journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |volume=59 |pages=581–600 |accessdate=2019-10-10}} 50px Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].
{{citation |last1=Navarrete |first1=Rocío |last2=Liesa |first2=Carlos L. |last3=Soria |first3=Ana R. |last4=Rodríguez López |first4=Juan P. |year=2013 |title=Actividad de fallas durante el depósito de la Formación Camarillas(Barremiense) en la subcuenca de Galve (E de España) - Fault activity during the deposit of the Barremian Camarillas Formation in the Galve subbasin (E Spain) |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258396450 |journal=Geogaceta |volume=53 |pages=61–64 |accessdate=2019-10-10}}
{{citation |last=Ruiz Omeñaca |first=J.I |year=2011 |title=Delapparentia turolensis nov. gen et sp., un nuevo dinosaurio iguanodontoideo (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) en el Cretácico Inferior de Galve - Delapparentia turolensis nov. gen et sp., a new iguanodontoid dinosaur (Ornithischia: Ornithopoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Galve (Spain) |url=http://estudiosgeol.revistas.csic.es/index.php/estudiosgeol/article/view/818/850 |journal=Estudios Geológicos |volume=67 |pages=83–110 |doi=10.3989/egeol.40276.124 |accessdate=2019-10-10}}
{{citation |last1=Herrero Gascón |first1=Jesús |last2=Pérez Lorente |first2=Félix |year=2009 |title=Aportaciones de un nuevo yacimiento de icnitas saurópodas de la Formación Camarillas (Barremiense inferior, Galve, Teruel) - The contributions of a sauroropod footprint new site. Camarillas Formation (lower Barremian, Galve, Teruel) |url=http://www.sociedadgeologica.es/archivos/geogacetas/geo46/art17.pdf |journal=Geogaceta |volume=46 |pages=67–70 |accessdate=2019-10-10}}
{{citation |last1=Royo Torres |first1=Rafael |last2=Mampel |first2=Luis |last3=Alcalá |first3=Luis |year=2009 |title=Icnitas de dinosaurios del yacimiento San Cristóbal 3 de la Formación Camarillas en Galve (Teruel, España) - Dinosaur footprints of the San Cristóbal 3 tracksite from Camarillas Formation in Galve (Teruel, Spain) |url=http://www.sociedadgeologica.es/archivos/geogacetas/geo53/G53art1.pdf |journal=Geogaceta |volume=53 |pages=5–8 |accessdate=2019-10-10}}
{{citation |last1=Weishampel |first1=David B. |author2-link=Peter Dodson |last2=Dodson |first2=Peter |author3-link=Halszka Osmólska |last3=Osmólska |first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria, 2nd edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |pages=1–880 |accessdate=2019-02-21 |isbn=0-520-24209-2 |author1-link=David B. Weishampel }}
{{citation |last1=Canudo |first1=José Ignacio |last2=Cuenca Bescós |first2=Gloria |year=1996 |title=Two new mammalian teeth (Multituberculata and Peramura) from the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) of Spain |url=http://www.aragosaurus.com/secciones/publicaciones/artic/CanudoCuenca96.pdf |journal=Cretaceous Research |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=215–228 |doi=10.1006/cres.1996.0016 |bibcode=1996CrRes..17..215C |accessdate=2019-10-10}}