:Clive Davis

{{for-multi|the professor in mathematics|Clive Selwyn Davis|the rugby player|Clive Davis (rugby union)}}

{{Infobox person

| name = Clive Davis

| image = Clive Davis speaks during the Kennedy Center Honors Dinner at the State Department in Washington, D.C. on December 2, 2023 - (cropped).jpg

| alt =

| caption = Davis in 2023

| birth_name = Clive Jay Davis

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1932|4|4}}

| birth_place = Brooklyn, New York City, U.S.

| death_date =

| death_place =

| death_cause =

| education = Erasmus Hall High School, Brooklyn

| alma_mater = New York University
Harvard Law School

| occupation = Record producer, record executive

| years_active = 1965–present

| known_for =

| spouse = {{plainlist|

{{marriage|Helen Cohen|1956|1965|reason=divorced}}
{{marriage|Janet Adelberg|1965|1985|reason=divorced}}

}}

| partner =

| children = 4

| website = {{URL|clivedavis.com}}

}}

Clive Jay Davis (born April 4, 1932) is an American record producer, A&R executive, record executive, and lawyer. He has won five Grammy Awards and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as a non-performer, in 2000.{{Cite web|title=Clive Davis {{!}} Rock & Roll Hall of Fame|url=https://www.rockhall.com/inductees/clive-davis|access-date=April 19, 2021|website=www.rockhall.com}}

From 1967 to 1973, Davis was the president of Columbia Records. He was founder and president of Arista Records from 1974 through 2000 until founding J Records. From 2002 until April 2008, he was chair and CEO of the RCA Music Group (which included RCA Records, J Records, and Arista Records), chair and CEO of J Records, and chair and CEO of BMG North America.

Davis is credited with hiring a young recording artist, Tony Orlando, for Columbia in 1967. He has signed many artists who achieved significant success, including Sly and the Family Stone, Janis Joplin, Laura Nyro, Santana, Bruce Springsteen, Chicago, Billy Joel, Donovan, Bay City Rollers, Blood, Sweat & Tears, Loggins and Messina, Ace of Base, Aerosmith, Olivia Longott, Pink Floyd and Westlife. He is also credited with bringing Whitney Houston and Barry Manilow to prominence.{{cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/theatre/to-orlando-q-a|title=Q&A: Tony Orlando talks the Beatles, Elvis, and Meghan Trainor|date=April 6, 2016|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|access-date=March 21, 2018}}

As of 2018, Davis is the chief creative officer of Sony Music Entertainment.

Early life and education

Davis was born in Brooklyn, New York City, to Jewish parents,{{cite magazine |url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/jun/20/clive-davis-top-pop/?pagination=false| title=At the Top of Pop|magazine=The New York Times Book Review|first=Robert |last= Gottlieb|date=June 20, 2013|access-date=August 18, 2013}} Herman and Florence Davis. His father was an electrician and salesman.{{cite web| first=Jason |last= Hollander| url= http://www.nyu.edu/alumni.magazine/issue17/pdf/NYU17.pdf |title=The Man With the Platinum Ears| work=NYU Alumni Magazine| date=Fall 2011| pages= 33–36}} Davis was raised in Crown Heights, Brooklyn, and attended Erasmus Hall High School.[https://www.erasmushall60.com/class_custom.cfm?page_id=112866 "Class of 1960 – and from other classes ..."], Erasmus Hall High School

His mother died at age 47, and his father died the following year when Davis was still a teenager. He then moved in with his married sister, who lived in Bayside, Queens.

Davis attended New York University College of Arts & Science, where he graduated magna cum laude with a degree in political science{{sfn|Davis|2013|pages=13–14}} and Phi Beta Kappa in 1953. He received a full scholarship to Harvard Law School, where he was a member of the Board of Student Advisers and graduated in 1956.{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/clive-davis-pop-musics-elder-statesman/ |title=Clive Davis: Pop music's elder statesman |publisher=CBS News|access-date=January 5, 2023|date=June 4, 2012}}

Career

= Columbia/CBS Records years =

Davis practiced law in a small firm in New York,{{Cite web |title=Clive Davis {{!}} Interview {{!}} American Masters {{!}} PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/archive/interview/clive-davis/ |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=American Masters |language=en-US}} then moved on to the firm of Rosenman, Colin, Kaye, Petschek, and Freund two years later, where partner Ralph Colin had CBS as a client.{{Cite web |last=Milano |first=Brett |title=The legendary Clive Davis on music, law and luck |url=https://hls.harvard.edu/today/the-legendary-clive-davis-on-music-law-and-luck/ |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=Harvard Law School |language=en-us}} Davis was subsequently hired by a former colleague at the firm, Harvey Schein, to become assistant counsel of CBS subsidiary Columbia Records at age 28, and then general counsel the following year.Dannen, Fredric (1990). Hit Men. Times Books. pp. 66–67; {{ISBN|0-8129-1658-1}}

As part of a reorganization of Columbia Records Group, group president Goddard Lieberson appointed Davis as administrative vice president and general manager in 1965.{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA3|magazine=Billboard|title=Columbia Reshuffles Brass; Gallagher, Davis Promoted|page=3|date=August 7, 1965 |access-date=January 2, 2024}} In 1966, CBS formed the Columbia-CBS Group which reorganized CBS's recorded music operations into CBS Records with Davis heading the new unit.{{cite magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0igEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10|magazine=Billboard|title=Lieberson to Helm Group; Other Changes Made in the CBS Guard|page=10|date=June 18, 1966|access-date=January 2, 2024}}

The next year, Davis was appointed president and became interested in the newest generation of folk rock and rock and roll. One of his earliest pop signings was the British folk-rock musician Donovan, who enjoyed a string of successful hit singles and albums released in the U.S. on the Epic Records label. That same year, Davis hired 23-year-old recording artist Tony Orlando as general manager of Columbia publishing subsidiary April-Blackwood Music; Orlando went on to become vice-president of Columbia/CBS Music and signed Barry Manilow in 1969.{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/ct-tony-orlando-knock-three-times-arcada-theatre-20150723-story.html|title=Tony Orlando still hasn't needed that backup career option, despite his mother's advice|first=Steve|last=Knopper|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=July 23, 2015 |access-date=March 21, 2018}}

In June 1967, Davis attended the Monterey Pop Festival after his friends and business associate, Lou Adler, convinced him.{{sfn|Davis|2013|pp=64–69, 125}} He immediately signed Janis Joplin with Big Brother and the Holding Company, and Columbia went on to sign Laura Nyro, The Electric Flag, Santana, The Chambers Brothers, Bruce Springsteen, Chicago, Billy Joel; Blood, Sweat & Tears, Loggins and Messina, Aerosmith, and Pink Floyd (for rights to release their material outside of Europe).{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

One of the most commercially successful recordings released during Davis' tenure at Columbia was Lynn Anderson's Rose Garden, in late 1970. It was Davis who insisted that "Rose Garden" be the country singer's next single release. The song crossed over and was a No. 1 hit in 16 countries worldwide. "Rose Garden" remained the biggest-selling album by a female country artist for 27 years.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

In 1972, Davis signed Earth, Wind & Fire to Columbia Records. One of his most recognized accomplishments was signing the Boston group Aerosmith to Columbia Records in the early 1970s at New York City's Max's Kansas City. The accomplishment was mentioned in the 1979 Aerosmith song "No Surprize", in which Steven Tyler sings, "Old Clive Davis said he's surely gonna make us a star, I'm gonna make you a star, just the way you are."{{cite web | url = http://www.maxskansascity.com/aerosmith/ | title = Aerosmith Biography: From Clive Davis to Guitar Hero: Aerosmith | date = September 26, 2008 | access-date = September 26, 2008 | publisher=Max's Kansas City| archive-date = September 19, 2008 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080919130031/http://www.maxskansascity.com/aerosmith/ | url-status = dead }} Starting on December 30, 1978,{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/gd78-12-30.sbd.miller.18092.sbeok.shnf |title=Grateful Dead Live at Pauley Pavilion, UCLA on 1978-12-30; Reviews: reviewers Augy and DeadRed1971|via=Internet Archive|date=December 30, 1978 |access-date=July 28, 2010}}{{better source needed|date=January 2024}} Bob Weir of the Grateful Dead occasionally changed the lyrics of the Dead standard "Jack Straw" in concert from "we used to play for silver, now we play for life", to "we used to play for acid, now we play for Clive."{{cite web |url=http://www.dead.net/song/jack-straw |title=Jack Straw |date=March 20, 2007 |access-date=September 25, 2013}}

One of the last bands Davis tried to sign to Columbia Records was the Detroit band Death.{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2009/feb/09/detroit-band-death|title=Death: The Detroit band that never sold out|last=Bliss|first=Abi|date=February 9, 2009|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=November 21, 2017}}

A Rolling Stone article dated July 5, 1973 reported that CBS fired Clive Davis "amid allegations of misuse of funds and providing drugs to artists and disk jockeys" as part of an alleged payola scandal.

= Arista years =

After Davis was fired from CBS Records in 1973 for allegedly using company funds to bankroll his son's bar mitzvah,{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/clive-davis |title=Clive Davis: Information from |publisher=Answers.com |access-date=July 28, 2010}}{{cite news|title=Let CBS Tell Its Own Ugly Story|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=NshHAAAAIBAJ&pg=944,2963654&dq=clive+davis+cbs+records&hl=en|via=Google News|quote=Beginning what may be the second most massive cover-up of the past months, CBS fired its records division president, Clive Davis ...|agency=The New York Times News Service|newspaper=Record-Journal|location=Meriden, Connecticut|date=June 22, 1973|access-date=January 2, 2024}}{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/clive-davis-ousted-payola-coverup-charged-37191/|title=Clive Davis Ousted from Columbia; Payola Coverup Charged|first1=Ben|last1=Fong-Torres|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=July 5, 1973}} Columbia Pictures then hired him to be a consultant for the company's Bell Records label. Davis took time out to write his memoirs and then founded Arista Records in 1974.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/04/24/archives/clives-comeback-fired-four-years-ago-by-cbs-clive-davis-is-setting.html|title=Clive's Comeback|first=Geoffrey|last=Stokes|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 24, 1977}}{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2000/02/clive-david-bmg-entertainment-ceo-strauss-zelnick|title=Clive Davis Fights Back|first=Robert Sam|last=Anson|magazine=Vanity Fair|date=February 2, 2000}}{{Cite web|url=https://timesbulletin.com/Content/News/Community-News/Article/Clive-Davis-impact-on-music/2/1170/222297|title=Clive Davis' impact on music|website=timesbulletin.com}} The company was named after New York City's secondary school honor society of that name, of which Davis was a member.{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/11/27/business/creative-turmoil-at-arista-founder-and-chief-resists-a-successor.html|access-date=1 January 2024|title=Creative Turmoil At Arista; Founder and Chief Resists a Successor|author=Doreen Carvajal|date=November 27, 1999|newspaper=The New York Times}}

At Arista, Davis signed Barry Manilow, followed by Aretha Franklin, Dionne Warwick, Patti Smith, Westlife, Al Jourgensen, The Outlaws, Eric Carmen, Kenny G, the Bay City Rollers, Exposé, Taylor Dayne, Ace of Base, Air Supply, Ray Parker Jr., Raydio, and Alicia Keys, and he brought Carly Simon, Melissa Manchester, Grateful Dead, The Kinks, Jermaine Stewart, Gil Scott-Heron (on whose episode of TV One's Unsung Davis was interviewed) and Lou Reed to the label.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} He co-founded Arista Nashville in 1989 with Tim DuBois, which became the home to Alan Jackson, Brooks & Dunn, Pam Tillis, and Brad Paisley.{{cite magazine|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Billboard/80s/1989/BB-1989-05-20.pdf|title=Arista's New Country Division Is Ready To Roll|last=Morris|first=Edward|page=35|magazine=Billboard|date=May 20, 1989}}

Davis founded LaFace Records with L.A. Reid and Babyface.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} LaFace subsequently became the home of TLC, Usher, Outkast, Pink and Toni Braxton.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} He founded Bad Boy Records with Sean "Puffy" Combs and it became the home of The Notorious B.I.G., Craig Mack, Combs, Mase, 112, and Faith Evans, although Davis would later admit that he never quite understood rap music.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} In 1998, Davis signed LFO from European Success. LFO charted #3 with "Summer Girls" in 1999, and went on to multiplatinum success.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

During the Arista years, he set up his own production company Clive Davis Entertainment, for a two-year first-look agreement with movie studio TriStar Pictures in 1987.{{Cite news |date=June 24, 1987 |title=Record Exec Davis Signs Development Pact With Tri-Star |pages=4, 19 |work=Variety}}

Davis was made aware of Cissy Houston's daughter Whitney Houston after he saw the Houstons perform at a New York City nightclub. Impressed with what he heard, Davis signed her to Arista. Houston became one of the biggest selling artists in music history under the guidance of Davis at Arista.{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/gp/bestsellers/topalbums.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208083211/http://www.riaa.com/gp/bestsellers/topalbums.asp |archive-date=December 8, 2006 |title=Recording Industry Association of America |website=Recording Industry Association of America |access-date=November 1, 2013}}

= J Records, RCA, Sony years =

Davis left Arista in 2000 and started J Records, an independent label with financial backing from Arista parent Bertelsmann Music Group, named with the middle initial of Davis and his four children.{{cite news|last=Segal|first=David|title=The Man with the Golden Ear|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2001/03/16/the-man-with-the-golden-ear/dea7dc34-0d82-49ce-b41c-6a65326f67d8/|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=March 16, 2001}} BMG would buy a majority stake in J Records in 2002, and Davis would become president and CEO of the larger RCA Music Group.

Davis' continued success in breaking new artists was recognised by the music industry A&R site HitQuarters when the executive was named "world's No.1 A&R of 2001" based on worldwide chart data for that year.{{cite web |url=http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/2002/January15_2_32_44.html|title=Clive Davis Wins World Top 100 A&R of 2001 |publisher=HitQuarters|date=January 5, 2002 |access-date= February 22, 2012}}

In 2004, BMG merged with Sony Music Entertainment to form Sony BMG. With the assets of the former CBS Records (renamed Sony Music Entertainment in 1991) now under Sony's ownership, the joint venture would mean a return of sorts for Davis to his former employer. Davis remained with RCA Label Group until 2008, when he was named chief creative officer for Sony BMG.

Davis was elevated to Chief Creative Officer of Sony Music Entertainment,{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/music/2008-04-17-1299599427_x.htm |title=Clive Davis replaced by Barry Weiss as BMG head |last=Moody |first= Nekesa Mumbi |date=April 18, 2008 |work=USA Today |access-date=December 2, 2009}} a title he currently holds, as part of a corporate restructuring when Sony BMG became Sony Music Entertainment in late 2008 when BMG sold its shares to Sony.{{cite news |url=http://www.nypost.com/seven/10102008/business/sony_music_turns_to_davis_for_hit_133017.htm |title=Sony Music turns to Davis for Hit$ |last=Lauria |first=Peter |date=October 10, 2008 |work=New York Post |access-date=December 4, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090531190211/http://www.nypost.com/seven/10102008/business/sony_music_turns_to_davis_for_hit_133017.htm |archive-date=May 31, 2009 |url-status=dead }} Arista Records and J Records, which were both founded by Davis, were dissolved in October 2011 through the restructuring of RCA Records. All artists under those labels were moved to RCA Records.{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/rca-s-peter-edge-tom-corson-on-the-shuttering-1005394732.story |title=RCA's Peter Edge, Tom Corson on the Shuttering of Jive, J and Arista |magazine=Billboard |date=October 7, 2011 |access-date=November 1, 2013}}

Awards and honors

As a producer, Davis has won four Grammy Awards.{{cite web | last=LeDonne | first=Rob | website=grammy.com | date=18 August 2022 | url=https://www.grammy.com/artists/clive-davis/2689 | access-date=10 March 2023|title=Clive Davis}}

class="wikitable"

! Award

! Year

! Artist

! Results

Grammy Award for Album of the Year

| 1994

| The Bodyguard by Whitney Houston

|{{Won}}

Grammy Award for Album of the Year

| 2000

| Supernatural by Santana

| {{Won}}

Grammy Award for Best Rock Album

| 2000

| Supernatural by Santana

| {{Won}}

Grammy Award for Best R&B Album

| 2009

| Jennifer Hudson, Jennifer Hudson

| {{Won}}

Davis also received the Grammy Trustees Award in 2000{{cite news|last=Basham|first=David|title=Beach Boys, Bennett, Who To Win Lifetime Achievement Grammys|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1424509/who-win-lifetime-achievement-grammys.jhtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702071243/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1424509/who-win-lifetime-achievement-grammys.jhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 2, 2012|newspaper=MTV|date=December 12, 2000}} and the President's Merit Award at the 2009 Grammys.{{cite news|last=Gundersen|first=Edna|title=The official label on Clive Davis' famed gala this year: Grammy|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/awards/grammys/2009-02-04-clive-davis-gala_N.htm|newspaper=USA Today|date=February 4, 2009}} In 2011, the 200-seat theater at the Grammy Museum was named the "Clive Davis Theater".{{cite news |last=Chmielewski |first=Dawn C. |title=CBS stokes Grammy Awards excitement with online extras |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-xpm-2013-feb-08-la-fi-ct-grammy-live-20130208-story.html |newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=February 13, 2013 |access-date=April 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314174030/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-xpm-2013-feb-08-la-fi-ct-grammy-live-20130208-story.html |archive-date=March 14, 2021}}

In 2000, Davis was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in the non-performers category.{{cite news|last=Morgan|first=Laura|title=Hall Monitor|url=https://ew.com/article/2000/03/09/ews-report-rock-and-roll-hall-fame-ceremony/|newspaper=Entertainment Weekly|date=March 9, 2000|access-date=February 18, 2020|archive-date=July 30, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730234924/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,85048,00.html|url-status=live}} The same year, he received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}

In 2015, he was recognized by Equality Forum as one of the 31 Icons of the LGBT History Month.{{cite web|author= Malcolm Lazin |url=http://www.advocate.com/commentary/2015/08/20/op-ed-here-are-31-icons-2015s-gay-history-month |title=Op-ed: Here Are the 31 Icons of 2015's Gay History Month |publisher=Advocate.com |date=August 20, 2015 |access-date=August 21, 2015}}

Davis was a 2018 honoree at The New Jewish Home's Eight Over Eighty Gala.

In public life and popular culture

An alumnus of New York University, Davis is a significant benefactor to it. The recorded music division of its Tisch School of the Arts, is named after him: the Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music.

Davis was portrayed by Oscar-nominated actor, Stanley Tucci, in Sony Pictures's Whitney Houston: I Wanna Dance with Somebody – a biopic about the life and music of Houston. Davis also served as a producer on the film.{{Cite web|last=Kroll|first=Justin|date=September 24, 2021|title=Stanley Tucci To Play Clive Davis in Whitney Houston Biopic 'I Wanna Dance With Somebody'|url=https://deadline.com/2021/09/stanley-tucci-clive-davis-whitney-houston-biopic-i-wanna-dance-with-somebody-1234843890/|access-date=November 17, 2021|website=Deadline|language=en-US}}

Personal life

Davis has been married and divorced twice. He was married to Helen Cohen from 1956 to 1965 and to Janet Adelberg from 1965 to 1985. He has four children: Fred (born 1960), a prominent media investment banker,{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/fred-davis-the-raine-group-industry-dealmaker-interview-8506624/|title=Meet Fred Davis, One of the Industry's Biggest Dealmakers (And, Yes, Clive's Son)|magazine=Billboard|first=Fred|last=Goodman|date=April 11, 2019|access-date=January 5, 2023}} Lauren (born 1962), an entertainment attorney and arts professor at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, Mitchell (born 1970), and Doug Davis (born 1974), a music executive and Grammy award-winning record producer. {{Cite magazine|url= https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/centennial-shoulder-to-shoulder-tribute-8528703/|title=Harry Belafonte, Rosanne Cash, Karrin Allyson Celebrate 'Centennial Tribute to Women's Suffrage': Exclusive|magazine=Billboard|first=Melinda|last=Newman|date=August 29, 2019|access-date=January 5, 2023}} Davis has eight grandchildren.{{cite web|title=Clive Davis' Grandkids Unaware About His Bisexuality|url=https://www.contactmusic.com/clive-davis/news/clive-davis-grandkids-unaware-about-his-bisexuality_3513428|access-date=January 2, 2024|publisher=World Entertainment News Network|via=Contactmusic.com|date=February 19, 2013}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/fashion/weddings/on-again-off-again-and-with-a-nudge-now-on-forever.html|title=On Again, Off Again, and With a Nudge, Now On Forever|first=Alix|last=Strauss|author-link=Alix Strauss|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 4, 2019}}

In 2013, at the age of 80, Davis publicly came out as bisexual in his autobiography The Soundtrack of My Life.{{Cite web |title=Clive Davis Gets Candid About Bisexuality In 'Soundtrack Of My Life' Memoir |url=https://www.mtv.com/news/a8a2qe/clive-davis-bisexuality-soundtrack-of-life-memoir |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604232949/https://www.mtv.com/news/a8a2qe/clive-davis-bisexuality-soundtrack-of-life-memoir |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 4, 2024 |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=MTV |language=en}} On the daytime talk show Katie, he told host Katie Couric that he hoped his coming out would lead to "greater understanding" of bisexuality.{{cite magazine|title=Clive Davis Comes Out of the Closet on Katie|url= https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/music-news/clive-davis-comes-closet-katie-422277/|magazine=The Hollywood Reporter|date=February 18, 2013|access-date=January 5, 2023}} The autobiography was the basis for the two-hour documentary Clive Davis: The Soundtrack of Our Lives.

Writings

{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Clive|others=with James Willwerth|year=1975|title=Clive: Inside the Record Business|publisher=William Morrow and Company|isbn=978-0-688-02872-5|ref=none}}
{{cite book|last=Davis|first=Clive|others=with Anthony DeCurtis|year=2013|title=The Soundtrack of My Life|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=978-1-4767-1478-3}}

References

External links

{{Official website}}
{{IMDb name|0004860}}
[https://www.callmypublicists.com/chief-celebrity-publicist-toni-embry Clive Davis' Personal Publicist]{{Rockhall}}

{{Succession box| before=Goddard Lieberson | title=President of CBS Records| years=1967–1973 | after=Goddard Lieberson

}}

{{succession box| before=first | title=Founder & President of Arista Records| years=1974–2000 | after=Antonio "L.A." Reid

}}

{{succession box

| before = first

| title = Founder & Chief Executive Officer of J Records

| years = 2000 to April 2004

| after = none (J Records began functioning under the RCA Music Group)

}}

{{succession box

| before = first