:Disinformation Governance Board

The Disinformation Governance Board was announced and revealed to the public by the DHS on April 27, 2022, during a 2023 budget hearing before the United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security. The board had begun operating two months prior to the announcement. The DHS had decided to form the board in 2021 after conducting research that recommended creating a group to "review questions of privacy and civil liberty for online content".{{cite news |last1=Myers |first1=Steven Lee |last2=Kanno-Youngs |first2=Zolan |author-link2=Zolan Kanno-Youngs |date=2 May 2022 |title=Partisan Fight Breaks Out Over New Disinformation Board |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/02/technology/partisan-dhs-disinformation-board.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=3 May 2022}} White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said that the board is the "continuation of work that began in the DHS in 2020 under former President Trump".{{cite magazine |last=Willis |first=Haisten |date=April 29, 2022 |title=DHS disinformation board is continuation of Trump effort, White House says |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/white-house/dhs-disinformation-board-is-continuation-of-trump-effort-white-house-says |magazine=Washington Examiner |access-date=May 2, 2022}} The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency has previously addressed the spread of what they referred to as "mis-, dis-, and malinformation", as well as addressing Russian disinformation as part of their election security efforts in 2020.{{cite news |last1=Waldman |first1=Arielle |title=CISA: No election hacking, but plenty of misinformation |url=https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/news/252491788/CISA-No-election-hacking-but-plenty-of-misinformation |access-date=11 May 2022 |work=SearchSecurity |language=en}} CISA director Chris Krebs was fired by President Trump in November 2020 for refuting Trump's false claims of election fraud.{{cite web |last1=Johnson |first1=Derek B. |title=DHS board reignites debate on proper role of feds when fighting disinformation |url=https://www.scmagazine.com/analysis/critical-infrastructure/dhs-board-reignites-debate-on-proper-role-of-feds-when-fighting-disinformation |website=www.scmagazine.com |access-date=19 May 2022 |language=en |date=5 May 2022}}

After the board was announced, Nina Jankowicz was named executive director. She was previously a fellow at the Wilson Center, advised the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry as part of the Fulbright Public Policy Fellowship, oversaw Russia and Belarus programs at the National Democratic Institute, and wrote the book How to Lose the Information War: Russia, Fake News, and the Future of Conflict.{{cite magazine |last=Johnson |first=Bridget |date=27 April 2022 |title=DHS Standing Up Disinformation Governance Board Led by Information Warfare Expert |url=https://www.hstoday.us/federal-pages/dhs/dhs-standing-up-disinformation-governance-board-led-by-information-warfare-expert/ |magazine=Homeland Security Today|access-date=28 April 2022}}{{cite web |title=Nina Jankowicz |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/person/nina-jankowicz |website=wilsoncenter.org |publisher=Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars|access-date=2022-04-29}}{{cite news |last1=Daniels|first1=Eugene |last2=Bade|first2=Rachael |author-link2=Rachael Bade |last3=Lizza|first3=Ryan |author-link3=Ryan Lizza|date=2022-04-27 |title=POLITICO Playbook: Fauci pulls out of WHCD. Is Biden next? |url=https://www.politico.com/newsletters/playbook/2022/04/27/fauci-pulls-out-of-whcd-is-biden-next-00028131|work=Politico |access-date=2022-04-29}} Robert P. Silvers and Jennifer Daskal were also named to hold leadership positions on the board. On May 18, Jankowicz resigned from her role as executive director.

Alejandro Mayorkas, the Secretary of Homeland Security, stated that the board would have no operational authority or capability but would collect best practices for dissemination to DHS organizations already tasked with defending against disinformation threats,{{cite news |last=Hooper |first=Kelly |date=1 May 2022 |title=Mayorkas cites misinformation about Homeland Security's disinformation board |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/05/01/mayorkas-defends-dhs-disinformation-board-00029182 |work=Politico |access-date=3 May 2022}} and asserted the board would not monitor American citizens.{{cite AV media |title=Mayorkas: Disinformation board won't monitor American citizens |url=https://edition.cnn.com/videos/politics/2022/05/01/mayorkas-on-disinformation-board.cnn |publisher=CNN |date=May 1, 2022 |access-date= May 2, 2022}} John Cohen, the former acting head of the intelligence branch of the DHS, said that the board would study policy questions, best practices, and academic research on disinformation, and then submit guidance to the DHS secretary on how different DHS agencies should conduct analysis of online content.

On May 2, 2022, the DHS released a statement which said that the board would monitor disinformation spread by "foreign states such as Russia, China, and Iran" and "transnational criminal organizations and human smuggling organizations", and disinformation spread during natural disasters (listing as an example misinformation spread about the safety of drinking water during Hurricane Sandy). The DHS added that "The Department is deeply committed to doing all of its work in a way that protects Americans' freedom of speech, civil rights, civil liberties, and privacy."{{cite web |title=Fact Sheet: DHS Internal Working Group Protects Free Speech and Other Fundamental Rights When Addressing Disinformation That Threatens the Security of the United States |url=https://www.dhs.gov/news/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-dhs-internal-working-group-protects-free-speech-other-fundamental-rights |website=dhs.gov |publisher=United States Department of Homeland Security |date=2 May 2022 |access-date=3 May 2022}}

On May 9, 2022, the DGB announced that it would provide quarterly reports to the United States Congress.{{Cite web |last1=Seitz |first1=Amanda |last2=Merchant |first2=Nomaan |date=May 4, 2022 |title=DHS disinformation board's work, plans remain a mystery |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-europe-united-states-freedom-of-speech-alejandro-mayorkas-69f658351103d4d049083ad20a713e2a |access-date=May 13, 2022 |website=Associated Press |language=en}}

The Associated Press noted that the "little credible information about the new Disinformation Governance Board" made it "an instant target for criticism", leading to a "bungled rollout" and "rocky start" for the board. Taylor Lorenz, writing for The Washington Post, described the board as falling victim to "a textbook disinformation campaign" about their mission, to which it failed to respond adequately. The American Conservative called the board "a cautionary note on how dangerously out of touch Washington is."{{Cite web |last=Hirschauer |first=John |date=2022-07-09 |title=They Don't Trust Us; We Don't Trust Them |url=https://www.theamericanconservative.com/they-dont-trust-us-we-dont-trust-them/ |access-date=2022-07-10 |website=The American Conservative |language=en-US}}

Republican lawmakers and pundits quickly criticized the board after it was announced, with some calling for it to be disbanded. Senator Josh Hawley (R-MO) said that "Homeland Security has decided to make policing Americans' speech its top priority". Senator Mitt Romney (R-UT) called the board a "terrible idea" that "communicates to the world that we're going to be spreading propaganda in our own country", arguing that it should be disbanded.{{Cite web |last=Sganga |first=Nicole |date=2022-05-06 |title=What is DHS' Disinformation Governance Board and why is everyone so mad about it? |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-is-dhs-disinformation-governance-board-and-why-is-everyone-so-mad-about-it/ |access-date=2022-05-11 |website=CBS News |language=en-US}} Some critics, including Florida governor Ron DeSantis{{cite web |last=Getahun |first=Hannah |date=2022-04-30 |title=DeSantis calls DHS Disinformation Governance Board a 'belated April Fool's joke' |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/desantis-calls-dhs-disinformation-board-an-april-fools-joke-2022-4 |website=Business Insider |access-date=2022-04-30}} and former Democratic representative for Hawaii Tulsi Gabbard, compared the board to the Ministry of Truth, from George Orwell's dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Federal Communications Commission commissioner Brendan Carr called the board "Orwellian", "un-American" and "unconstitutional."{{Cite web |last=Kaplan |first=Talia |date=2022-05-09 |title=FCC commissioner says Biden's 'disinformation board' is 'unconstitutional' |url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/fcc-commissioner-blasts-bidens-disinformation-board-as-orwellian-and-un-american |access-date=2022-05-11 |website=FOXBusiness |language=en-US}} Representatives Mike Turner (R-OH) and John Katko (R-NY) wrote that "Given the complete lack of information about this new initiative and the potential serious consequences of a government entity identifying and responding to 'disinformation,' we have serious concerns about the activities of this new Board".

Republicans and conservatives also criticized the appointment of Jankowicz as head of the board, citing her past support of Democrats, her negative response to Elon Musk's purchase of Twitter, and her skepticism of the provenance of Hunter Biden's laptop; Jankowicz had previously said that "we should view [the laptop] as a Trump campaign product".{{cite news |last=Blake |first=Aaron |date=April 29, 2022 |title=The tempest over DHS's Disinformation Governance Board|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/04/29/disinformation-governance-board-dhs/|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=May 2, 2022}} The Washington Examiner levied criticism against Jankowicz due to her praise of Christopher Steele (author of the controversial Steele dossier, which the Examiner deemed "discredited") for his views on disinformation during an August 2020 podcast.{{cite magazine |last=Dunleavy |first=Jerry |date=2022-04-28 |title=Biden 'disinformation' chief a Trump dossier author fan and Hunter Biden laptop doubter |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/bidens-disinformation-chief-is-trump-dossier-author-fan-and-hunter-laptop-doubter |magazine=Washington Examiner |access-date=2022-04-30}} Writing for National Review, Jim Geraghty lauded the board's potential to dispel information disseminated by human smugglers on the southern border, as well as monitoring messages from terrorist and extremist groups, but objected to Jankowicz's appointment.{{cite magazine |last=Geraghty |first=Jim |author-link=Jim Geraghty |date=2022-04-28 |title=Are You Ready for the DHS 'Disinformation Governance Board'? |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/are-you-ready-for-the-dhs-disinformation-governance-board/ |magazine=National Review |access-date=2022-04-30}} In a press conference, Jen Psaki defended Jankowicz's appointment to the board, calling her "an expert on online disinformation... a person with extensive qualifications".{{cite news |last=Sunnucks |first=Mike |date=29 April 2022 |title=Ministry of Truth or needed social media watchdog? Biden's Disinformation Governance Board |url=https://www.heraldandnews.com/news/nation_world/ministry-of-truth-or-needed-social-media-watchdog-bidens-disinformation-governance-board/article_198db1a7-0f5e-52e1-84d6-bafee7c8d1c2.html |work=Herald and News |access-date=1 May 2022}}{{cite web |title=Press Briefing by Press Secretary Jen Psaki, April 29, 2022 |url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/press-briefings/2022/04/29/press-briefing-by-press-secretary-jen-psaki-april-29-2022/ |website=whitehouse.gov |publisher=White House |date=29 April 2022 |access-date=1 May 2022}} In response, Jankowicz said that at least one of her tweets was "taken out of context".{{Cite web |date=2022-04-29 |title=Meet Nina Jankowicz, Biden's New Disinformation Czar |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/news/meet-nina-jankowicz-bidens-new-disinformation-czar/ |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=National Review |language=en-US}}

DHS secretary Alejandro Mayorkas later acknowledged his department could have done a better job of communicating the purpose of the new board, but asserted the Republican criticisms were "precisely the opposite" of what it would do. He stated that the board would have no operational authority or capability and would not monitor American citizens. On May 3, 2022, Mayorkas appeared before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Homeland Security, and responded to criticism the board received from Republican lawmakers. He vowed to work on building greater public trust in the board, and said that "The Department of Homeland Security is not going to be the truth police. That is the farthest thing from the truth. We protect the security of the homeland."{{cite news |last1=Barr |first1=Luke |last2=Owen |first2=Quinn |date=6 May 2022 |title=DHS plays defense over Disinformation Governance Board |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/dhs-plays-defense-disinformation-governance-board/story?id=84520182 |work=ABC News |access-date=6 May 2022}}{{cite news |last=Garver |first=Rob |date=5 May 2022 |title=US Homeland Security's 'Disinformation Governance Board' Assailed by Lawmakers |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/homeland-security-s-disinformation-governance-board-assailed-by-lawmakers-/6557453.html |work=Voice of America |access-date=6 May 2022}}

Other criticism came from progressive and civil libertarian voices;{{cite web |last1=Soave |first1=Robby |author1-link=Robby Soave |title=Nina Jankowicz's Faulty Record, Not Her Critics, Doomed the Disinformation Board |url=https://reason.com/2022/05/18/disinformation-board-nina-jankowicz-taylor-lorenz-pause-dhs/ |website=Reason.com |date=18 May 2022}} Benjamin Hart, writing in New York Magazine's Intelligencer, said that "presenting anyone from the government as an arbiter of truth in 2022 — much less defining 'disinformation' in a way that more than 40 percent of the population would agree with — seemed doomed from the get-go." Lev Golinkin, writing in the progressive magazine The Nation, highlighted Jankowicz's previous association with the fact-checking organization StopFake, which Golinkin accused of defending the Ukrainian Azov Battalion and S14 groups, the latter of which is known for its violent attacks against Romani people.{{cite web |last1=Golinkin |first1=Lev |title=Meet the Head of Biden's New "Disinformation Governing Board" |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/meet-the-head-of-bidens-new-disinformation-governing-board/ |website=The Nation |date=12 May 2022}}{{cite news |last1=Troianovski |first1=Anton |title=Fighting False News in Ukraine, Facebook Fact Checkers Tread a Blurry Line |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/26/world/europe/ukraine-facebook-fake-news.html |work=The New York Times |date=26 July 2020}} Progressive news organizations Common Dreams and Fairness & Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) criticized mainstream media coverage of the board, saying that it ignored left-wing criticism of the board and past human rights abuses and violence by the DHS and other agencies under the DHS, including violence against immigrants, Muslims, Black Lives Matter protestors, and other activists.{{Cite web |last=Tveten |first=Julianne |date=2022-05-15 |title=Corporate Media Ignore Left Critiques of Government's New 'Disinformation' Board |url=https://www.commondreams.org/views/2022/05/15/corporate-media-ignore-left-critiques-governments-new-disinformation-board |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=Common Dreams |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Tveten |first=Julianne |date=2022-05-13 |title=Media Ignore Criticism of DHS's New 'Disinformation' Board—Unless it's from the Right |url=https://fair.org/home/media-ignore-criticism-of-dhss-new-disinformation-board-unless-its-from-the-right/ |access-date=2022-07-02 |website=FAIR |language=en-US}} Joe Lancaster, editor of the libertarian magazine Reason, called the board a potential threat to free speech, and also highlighted Jankowicz's comments regarding the Biden laptop story.{{cite news |last1=Lancaster |first1=Joe |title=New DHS Board Seeks To Counter What It Thinks Is Disinformation |url=https://reason.com/2022/04/29/new-dhs-board-seeks-to-counter-what-it-thinks-is-disinformation/ |work=Reason |date=29 April 2022}} Techdirt argued that "The biggest problem with [the board] is that it is impossible, right now, to even know whether it's a good idea or not, because it is so unclear what this board is intended to do." and that "its name does not inspire confidence."{{Cite web |last1=Gellis |first1=Cathy |last2=Masnick |first2=Mike |date=2022-04-29 |title=White House Sets Up Monumentally Stupidly Named 'Disinformation Governance Board' |url=https://www.techdirt.com/2022/04/29/white-house-sets-up-monumentally-stupidly-named-disinformation-governance-board/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Techdirt |language=en-US}} Ayaan Hirsi Ali of UnHerd compared the board to Woodrow Wilson's Sedition Act of 1918, which convicted 877 people who dissented against the U.S. government.{{Cite web |last=Ali |first=Ayaan Hirsi |date=2022-05-09 |title=The desperation of Biden's Disinformation Board |url=https://unherd.com/2022/05/the-desperation-of-bidens-disinformation-board/ |access-date=2022-10-31 |website=UnHerd |language=en-GB}} Kevin Goldberg, a specialist in the First Amendment at the non-partisan Freedom Forum, said that it was "wrong and concerning" that a government agency with enforcement powers created in response to 9/11 would become involved in decisions surrounding speech.

• Global Engagement Center, a State Department agency tasked with countering foreign propaganda that threatens U.S. national security interests

{{reflist}}

• [https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ia/ia_combatting-targeted-disinformation-campaigns.pdf "Combatting Targeted Disinformation Campaigns", a 2019 report by the DHS]

{{United States Department of Homeland Security}}

{{Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

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