:George Norton Wilcox

{{Infobox person

|name = George Norton Wilcox

|image = George Norton Wilcox.jpg

|image_size =

|caption =

|birth_date = {{birth date|1839|8|15}}

|birth_place = Hilo, Hawaii

|death_date = {{death date and age|1933|1|21|1839|8|15}}

|death_place = Honolulu

|parents = Abner Wilcox
Lucy Eliza Hart

|occupation = {{flatlist|*Planter

businessman
politician}}

|nationality = Kingdom of Hawaii, United States

}}

George Norton Wilcox (August 15, 1839 – January 21, 1933) was a businessman and politician in the Kingdom of Hawaii and Territory of Hawaii.

Life

George Norton Wilcox was born in Hilo August 15, 1839.

His father was Abner Wilcox and mother was Lucy Eliza Hart. His parents were in the company of missionaries to Hawaii for the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, sailing in 1836. His parents taught at the Hilo Mission boarding school founded by David Belden Lyman and his wife.{{cite book |title=Portraits of American Protestant missionaries to Hawaii |author= Hawaiian Mission Children's Society |url= https://archive.org/details/portraitsofameri00hawarich |year=1901 |location=Honolulu |publisher=Hawaiian Gazette company |page=[https://archive.org/details/portraitsofameri00hawarich/page/70 70]}} He had one older brother and two younger ones born while at Hilo.

In 1846, the family moved to teach at a similar school at the Wai{{okina}}oli Mission near Hanalei, Hawaii, on the northern coast of the island of Kaua{{okina}}i. There he had four more brothers, although one died young.{{cite web |title= Waioli Mission nomination form |author= Gary T. Cummins |work= National Register of Historic Places |date= March 24, 1973 |publisher= U.S. National Park Service |url= {{NRHP url|id=73000676}} |access-date= June 26, 2010 }}

He graduated from Punahou School 1850–1860,{{cite book |author= William DeWitt Alexander |author-link= William DeWitt Alexander |title=Oahu college: list of trustees, presidents, instructors, matrons, librarians, superintendents of grounds and students, 1841-1906. Historical sketch of Oahu college|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GxADAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA89 |year=1907 |publisher=Hawaiian Gazette Company |page=89}} and worked for Samuel Gardner Wilder loading a shipload of guano from Jarvis Island. He then attended Yale from 1860 to 1862, where he studied civil engineering in the Sheffield Scientific School.{{cite book |author=Yale University |title=Directory of the living non-graduates of Yale university |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bi84AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA136 |year=1910 |publisher=The Tuttle, Morehouse & Taylor company |page=136}}

When he returned, he and his younger brother Albert worked for Robert Crichton Wyllie on his Princeville Plantation. Albert would later buy the Princeville Plantation near Hanalei.

George leased and then bought Grove Farm from Hermann A. Widemann (1822–1899) starting in 1864.

Using his engineering training, he designed an irrigation system to bring water from the wet mountains to the sugarcane fields, an idea later copied by many other planters.{{cite web |title= History |work= Grove Farm web site |url= http://www.grovefarm.com/history |access-date= June 23, 2010}} He continued to grow the farm, and invest in related enterprises, such as other plantations on other islands, a guano fertilizer company of his own, and the Inter-Island Steam Navigation Company.{{cite news |title= He used his power wisely |date= December 27, 1999 |author= Brandon Spraguetgi |work= The Garden Island |url= http://thegardenisland.com/news/article_1b4df1aa-ad44-5d99-8b34-86278d21e491.html |access-date= June 26, 2010}}

In 1880 he was elected to the house of representatives of the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom. When the upper house (known as the House of Nobles) became an elected body in 1887, he served in it from 1888 to 1892. He was appointed as Minister of the Interior from November 8, 1892, to January 12, 1893. A few days later the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii ended the monarchy.

The upper house of the legislature then became the senate of the Republic of Hawaii where he was elected through 1898.{{cite web |url=http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASHe02d/a4206862.dir/Wilcox,%20George%20N.jpg |title=Wilcox, George N. office record |work=state archives digital collections |publisher=state of Hawaii |access-date=June 26, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320235054/http://archives1.dags.hawaii.gov/gsdl/collect/governme/index/assoc/HASHe02d/a4206862.dir/Wilcox%2C%20George%20N.jpg |archive-date=March 20, 2012 }}

After World War I, when the US Army Corps of Engineers proposed building a harbor on the island, Wilcox bought the entire bond issue to finance Nawiliwili Harbor.{{cite news |hdl= 10524/287 |title= U.S. Army on Kaua'i, 1909-1942 |work= Hawaiian Journal of History |publisher=Hawaii Historical Society |volume= 32 |author= William H. Dorrance |year= 1998 |page= 158 }}

He died January 21, 1933.{{cite news |title= His plantation grew on Kauai |author= Harold Morse |newspaper= Honolulu Star-Bulletin |date= October 9, 1999 |url= http://archives.starbulletin.com/1999/10/09/news/story9.html |access-date= June 26, 2010 }} Since he never married, his estate was left to his nephews and nieces. It was one of the largest estates in the territory at the time.{{cite news |title= George N. Wilcox Dies in Honolulu: Prime Minister of Hawaii in Days of Monarchy Succumbs at the Age of 93. Last of his Yale Class: Sheffield School, '62, No Longer Leads List — Mr. Wilcox Gave Much to Philanthropy |newspaper= New York Times |date= January 22, 1933 |url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E14F9355F1A7A93C0AB178AD85F478385F9 |access-date= June 26, 2010 }}

Family and legacy

Younger brother Albert Spencer Wilcox was born May 24, 1844, married Luahiwa, and then Emma Mahelona, became a wealthy plantation owner and politician, and died July 7, 1919.{{cite book |title= The Story of Hawaii and Its Builders |year=1925 |publisher= Honolulu Star Bulletin |editor= George F. Nellist |url= http://files.usgwarchives.net/hi/statewide/bios/wilcox64bs.txt |chapter= Albert Spencer Wilcox }}

Another younger brother Samuel Whitney Wilcox was born September 19, 1847, at Wai{{okina}}oli, married Emma Lyman (daughter of the Hilo missionaries), had six children, and died May 23, 1929.{{cite news|title=Samuel Wilcox, Hawaii Builder, Is Dead At 82|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/274832938/?terms=Samuel+Wilcox|access-date=March 2, 2018|work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin{{Subscription required|via=Newspapers.com}}|date=May 24, 1929|page=3}}

Although Samuel's youngest son Gaylord inherited the farm, his two prominent daughters were Elsie Hart Wilcox(1874–1954), who became the first female territorial senator of Hawaii, and Mabel Isabel Wilcox (1882–1978) who led the restoration of the Wai{{okina}}oli and Grove Farm houses into museums.{{cite book |title= Women and children first: the life and times of Elsie Wilcox of Kauaʻi |author= Judith Dean Gething Hughes |publisher= University of Hawaii Press |year= 1996 |isbn= 978-0-8248-1621-6 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=oMHfHY6OAnoC }}

Wilcox Health and George Norton Wilcox Memorial Hospital are named for him; hospital founder Mabel Wilcox was a nurse and commissioner of public health.{{cite web|url=http://www.wilcoxhealth.org/about-us.aspx|title=Wilcox Memorial Hospital: About us|work=official web site|access-date=June 26, 2010}}

The Grove Farm Company (incorporated in 1922) was kept in the family until it was sold to Stephen McConnell Case in 2000.{{cite news |title= Grove Farm - a house divided: Litigation that divides family stems from sale clouded in suspicions |date= April 23, 2006 |author= Stewart Yerton |newspaper= Honolulu Star-Bulletin |url= http://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/04/23/news/story03.html |access-date= June 25, 2010 }}

:George Norton Wilcox

Life

Family and legacy

=Family tree=

See also

References

Further reading