:Hachinohe

Hachinohe is located in the flatlands on the southeast coast of Aomori Prefecture, facing the Pacific Ocean. Both the Oirase River and the Mabechi River flow through Hachinohe. A portion of the coastal areas of the city were within the borders of the Tanesashi Kaigan Hashikamidake Prefectural Natural Park, which was incorporated into the Sanriku Fukkō National Park in 2013.{{cite web |url=http://www.env.go.jp/park/sanriku/intro/basis.html |script-title=ja:基礎情報 |trans-title=Basic Information |language=ja |publisher=Ministry of the Environment |access-date=22 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023061458/http://www.env.go.jp/park/sanriku/intro/basis.html |archive-date=23 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}{{cite news |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2013/05/28/editorials/national-park-of-restoration/#.UmbVTyiF9hJ |title=National park of restoration |work=The Japan Times |date=28 May 2013 |access-date=22 October 2013}}

Aomori Prefecture

• Iwate Prefecture
• Karumai
• Kamikita District
• Oirase
• Sannohe District
• Gonohe
• Hashikami
• Nanbu

Hachinohe has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa), closely bordering the Humid Subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) using the 0.0 °C (32.0 °F) isotherm with both January and February monthly averages being too cold to be of the latter, with hot summers and cold and snowy winters. Summers are considerably milder than in other parts of Honshu because the city is very close to the open sea, while winters if distinctly cold are much less snowy than in Aomori city or Sapporo or Wakkanai, although snowfall is higher than in Kushiro. The average annual temperature in Hachinohe is 9.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1165 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 22.7 °C, and lowest in January, at around -1.9 °C.{{cite web|url=https://en.climate-data.org/location/5404/|title=Hachinohe climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Hachinohe weather averages - Climate-Data.org|website=en.climate-data.org}}

{{Weather box

|width = auto

|collapsed = Y

|location = Hachinohe (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1936−present)

|single line = Y

|metric first = Y

|Jan record high C = 15.0

|Feb record high C = 19.0

|Mar record high C = 22.1

|Apr record high C = 29.7

|May record high C = 34.3

|Jun record high C = 34.5

|Jul record high C = 36.5

|Aug record high C = 37.0

|Sep record high C = 35.4

|Oct record high C = 30.4

|Nov record high C = 24.9

|Dec record high C = 19.7

|year record high C =

|Jan high C = 2.8

|Feb high C = 3.6

|Mar high C = 7.6

|Apr high C = 13.8

|May high C = 18.7

|Jun high C = 21.1

|Jul high C = 24.9

|Aug high C = 26.5

|Sep high C = 23.6

|Oct high C = 18.2

|Nov high C = 11.9

|Dec high C = 5.4

|year high C=

|Jan mean C = -0.7

|Feb mean C = -0.2

|Mar mean C = 3.1

|Apr mean C = 8.6

|May mean C = 13.5

|Jun mean C = 16.7

|Jul mean C = 20.7

|Aug mean C = 22.6

|Sep mean C = 19.4

|Oct mean C = 13.5

|Nov mean C = 7.3

|Dec mean C = 1.7

|year mean C =

|Jan low C = -3.9

|Feb low C = -3.7

|Mar low C = -0.9

|Apr low C = 4.0

|May low C = 9.2

|Jun low C = 13.3

|Jul low C = 17.7

|Aug low C = 19.5

|Sep low C = 15.7

|Oct low C = 9.0

|Nov low C = 3.0

|Dec low C = -1.6

|year low C=

|Jan record low C= -15.7

|Feb record low C= -15.5

|Mar record low C= -12.3

|Apr record low C= -5.5

|May record low C= -2.6

|Jun record low C= 0.4

|Jul record low C= 5.0

|Aug record low C= 9.4

|Sep record low C= 4.8

|Oct record low C= -2.6

|Nov record low C= -6.3

|Dec record low C= -13.4

|year record low C =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 43.6

|Feb precipitation mm = 40.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 56.6

|Apr precipitation mm = 63.4

|May precipitation mm = 88.1

|Jun precipitation mm = 103.7

|Jul precipitation mm = 136.9

|Aug precipitation mm = 141.8

|Sep precipitation mm = 156.3

|Oct precipitation mm = 110.1

|Nov precipitation mm = 55.5

|Dec precipitation mm = 48.9

|year precipitation mm = 1045.1

|Jan snow cm = 40

|Feb snow cm = 42

|Mar snow cm = 29

|Apr snow cm = 2

|May snow cm = 0

|Jun snow cm = 0

|Jul snow cm = 0

|Aug snow cm = 0

|Sep snow cm = 0

|Oct snow cm = 0

|Nov snow cm = 2

|Dec snow cm = 22

|year snow cm = 134

|Jan rain days = 6.6

|Feb rain days = 6.5

|Mar rain days = 7.3

|Apr rain days = 8.1

|May rain days = 9.7

|Jun rain days = 8.8

|Jul rain days = 10.6

|Aug rain days = 10.1

|Sep rain days = 10.0

|Oct rain days = 8.5

|Nov rain days = 7.9

|Dec rain days = 6.6

|Jan snow days = 10.4

|Feb snow days = 9.9

|Mar snow days = 5.9

|Apr snow days = 0.5

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0

|Nov snow days = 0.7

|Dec snow days = 6.1

|Jan humidity = 71

|Feb humidity = 70

|Mar humidity = 66

|Apr humidity = 65

|May humidity = 72

|Jun humidity = 81

|Jul humidity = 84

|Aug humidity = 82

|Sep humidity = 80

|Oct humidity = 75

|Nov humidity = 71

|Dec humidity = 71

|humidity colour= green

|Jan sun = 126.1

|Feb sun = 130.9

|Mar sun = 166.2

|Apr sun = 186.9

|May sun = 198.5

|Jun sun = 168.2

|Jul sun = 149.7

|Aug sun = 159.5

|Sep sun = 148.2

|Oct sun = 155.7

|Nov sun = 130.3

|Dec sun = 124.1

|year sun = 1844.3

|source 1 = [http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/monthly_s3_en.php?block_no=47581&view=2 Japan Meteorological Agency ]

|source 2 = [https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_s.php?prec_no=31&block_no=47581&year=&month=13&day=&view=p1 Extreme for Hachinohe]

}}

Per Japanese census data:{{cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/japan-aomori.php|title=Aomori / 青森県 (Japan): Prefecture, Cities, Towns and Villages - Population Statistics, Charts and Map|website=www.citypopulation.de}}

{{Historical populations

| align = none

| cols = 1

| graph-pos = bottom

| 1960 | 184,680

| 1970 | 216,955

| 1980 | 245,617

| 1990 | 247,983

| 2000 | 248,608

| 2010 | 237,473

| 2020 | 226,541

| footnote =

}}

The area around Hachinohe has been occupied since prehistoric times, and was a major population center for the Emishi people. Numerous Jōmon period remains have been discovered within the borders of Hachinohe. The area was nominally under control of the Northern Fujiwara in the Heian period, and became part of the holdings granted to the Nanbu clan after the defeat of the North Fujiwara by Minamoto no Yoritomo in the Kamakura period. The Nanbu established numerous horse ranches, accompanied by numbered fortified settlements. During the Edo period, it was initially part of Morioka Domain, but in 1664 the Tokugawa shogunate authorized the creation of a separate 20,000 koku Hachinohe Domain for a junior line of the Nanbu clan. The town prospered as a castle town centered on Hachinohe Castle, and served as a small commercial centre and port for the fishing grounds off southeastern Hokkaido. Today, the port still serves the fishing industry and a number of international cargo vessels.

After the Meiji Restoration, Hachinohe Domain was abolished, and replaced by Hachinohe Prefecture, which was subsequently merged into Aomori Prefecture. Initially, there was a debate as to whether the capital of newly formed Aomori Prefecture should be at Hachinohe or Hirosaki; however, due to strong rivalry between the former Nanbu domain and former Tsugaru Domain, the Meiji government decided to build a new town called Aomori in a central location, and to designate it as the capital of the prefecture.

Per the Meiji period establishment of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the town of Hachinohe was created within Sannohe District. In 1901, it merged with neighboring Chōja, and on May 1, 1929, with neighboring Konakano, Minato and Same villages to form the city of Hachinohe. The city further expanded by annexing the village of Shimonaganawashiro in 1942, Korekawa in 1954, Ichikawa, Kaminaganawashiro, Tachi and Toyosaki in 1955 and Odate in 1958.

On March 31, 2005, the village of Nangō (from Sannohe District) was also merged into Hachinohe.

During the American occupation of Japan following World War II, a United States Army base, Camp Haugen, was located in Hachinohe, and was the home of the Seventh Division. An Armed Forces Radio Service radio station was located on the base; it was known as AFRS Hachinohe. In 1950, after the North Korean invasion of South Korea, troops from Camp Haugen left for Korea. AFRS Hachinohe altered its broadcasts to include coverage of South Korea so Americans could benefit from its news and entertainment programs. With the final withdrawal of American forces from Hachinohe in 1956, the base was turned over to the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force and was officially re-designated JGSDF Camp Hachinohe.{{cite web|url=http://www.thedropzone.org/units/511thHISTORY.html|title=511th History|website=www.thedropzone.org}}

In March 2011, the city was one of those hit by the 2011 Japanese tsunami. The tsunami tossed many huge fishing boats ashore and heavily damaged the port area. About 100 homes were destroyed.Flack, T. D., "[http://www.stripes.com/news/pacific/earthquake-disaster-in-japan/misawa-residents-pull-clean-up-duty-at-nearby-fishing-port-1.138013 Misawa residents pull clean-up duty at nearby fishing port]", Stars and Stripes, 17 March 2011, retrieved 18 March 2011. Divers from the United States Navy ship Safeguard joined with Japanese workers to help clear the port to facilitate the delivery of relief supplies via the city.Johnson, Christopher, "[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2011/mar/27/us-helps-clear-vital-japan-harbor/ U.S. Helps Clear Vital Japan Harbor]", Washington Times, 27 March 2011, retrieved 30 March 2011.

On January 1, 2017, Hachinohe was given core city status,[http://www.soumu.go.jp/cyukaku/index.html Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan, official home page]{{in lang|ja}} with increased local autonomy.

Hachinohe has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 32 members. Hachinohe contributes eight members to the Aomori Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Aomori 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Hachinohe is the largest city in eastern Aomori Prefecture, and serves as the regional industrial and commercial center. Commercial fishing still plays a major role in the local economy, with Hachinohe port having one of the largest volumes of landed fish in Japan. However, since its designation as a new industrial city in 1964, Hachinohe has developed a large coastal industrial belt with a diverse range of chemical, steel, cement and fertilizer products. Major industrial parks include the Hachinohe High Tech Park and Hachinohe North-Interchange Industrial Complex. The Hachinohe Thermal Power Station, an LNG-fired power plant operated by Tohoku Electric is located in the city. Hachinohe Port is a major international port for northern Japan.

• Hachinohe Gakuin Junior College
• Hachinohe Gakuin University
• Hachinohe Institute of Technology

Hachinohe has 42 public elementary schools and 24 public junior high schools operated by the city government, and two private middle schools. The city has eight public high schools operated by the Aomori Prefectural Board of Education, and one public high school operated by the national government. There are also eight private high schools. The city also has three special education schools.[https://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/index.cfm/12,23942,127,html 八戸市学校一覧 City of Hachinohe official home page]

22px East Japan Railway Company (JR East) - Tōhoku Shinkansen

• {{STN|Hachinohe|x}}

22px East Japan Railway Company (JR East) - Hachinohe Line

• {{STN|Hachinohe|x}} - {{STN|Naganawashiro|x}} - {{STN|Hon-Hachinohe|x}} - {{STN|Konakano|x}}, {{STN|Mutsu-Minato|x}} - {{STN|Shirogane|x}} - {{STN|Same|x}} - {{STN|Mutsu-Shirahama|x}} - {{STN|Tanesashi-Kaigan|x}} - {{STN|Ōkuki|x}} - {{STN|Kanehama|x}}

20px Aoimori Railway Company - Aoimori Railway Line

• {{STN|Kita-Takaiwa|x}} - {{STN|Hachinohe|x}} - {{STN|Mutsu-Ichikawa|x}}

Hachinohe Rinkai Railway (freight only)

• {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E4A|dab1=H}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E4A|dab1=MO}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Exp|E45|dab1=HK}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|45}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|104}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|340}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|454}}

• Port of Hachinohe

• Yawata-uma, a wooden horse with gold saddle markings and a decorative plume attached to its head. The Hachinohe area has been known since the Kamakura period for its breed of war horses. Also, farming horses have supported the lives of the commoners and have often been used as the theme for dances and folk tales. The art of Yawata-uma figurines is a regional art form and popular souvenir.

File:Kabushima02.jpg, with Umineko]]

• Kabushima is an island offshore Hachinohe which also serves as a habitat for forty thousand black-tailed gulls, or umineko. It is a national Natural Monument.{{cite web |url=https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/401/89 |script-title=ja:蕪島ウミネコ繁殖地 |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs database |language=ja}} It also has a Shinto shrine.
• Kushihiki Hachimangū
• Tanesashi Coast a nationally designated Place of Scenic Beauty.{{cite web |url=https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/401/92 |script-title=ja:種差海岸 |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |access-date=10 February 2012}}{{cite web |url=http://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/kanko/nature/tanesashi/index.html |title=Tanesashi Kaigan |publisher=Hachinohe City |access-date=10 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070810030657/http://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/kanko/nature/tanesashi/index.html |archive-date=10 August 2007 |url-status=dead }}
• Yomasari Dam

• Emburi is a citywide festival which is also celebrated in nearby towns. The object of the festival is to pray for a bountiful harvest in the coming year. It originated as a dance with an agricultural tool (the eburi; enburi is a local pronunciation), which was used to teach people how to cultivate the land. Nowadays it is a parade of 15-20 people, with 3-5 dancers and a singer accompanied by wooden flutes, drums and bells. The festival takes place February 17–20, and marks the official end of the long, harsh winter.
• Hachinohe Sansha Taisai is another citywide festival and is considered to be the main festival of the town. It is also billed as "Japan's Biggest Float Festival". Sansha means "three shrines" and Taisai means "festival": It is held by three Shinto shrines: Ogami Jinja, Shinra Jinja, and Shinmei-gu. Floats proceed through the main streets of the city, accompanied by people with drums, flutes and loud calls. 27 different floats are used, and they are proudly constructed and flourished by the members of various organizations, such as schools and the city hall. The floats are also accompanied by men in samurai costumes on horseback, and tiger dancers. On the second and third days of the festival, a traditional game of a sport similar to polo is held at the stables of Shinra Shrine. This sport (加賀美流騎馬打毬 Kaga Biryū Kiba Dakyū) is officially an "intangible cultural asset" of Aomori Prefecture. Sansha Taisai takes place from July 31 to August 4 every year.

• Chōshichiyachi Shell Mound, Jōmon period ruins{{cite web|url=http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/137584|title=長七谷地貝塚|work=Cultural Heritage Online|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs (Japan)|language=ja|access-date=11 March 2017}}
• Korekawa Site, Jōmon period ruins{{cite web |url=https://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/215699|title=是川石器時代遺跡 |trans-title= KKorekawa sekki jidai isekii|language=ja |publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs |access-date=12 June 2012}}
• Ne Castle, Muromachi period castle ruins{{cite web|url=http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/204603|title=根城跡|work=Cultural Heritage Online|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs|language=ja|access-date=25 December 2016}}
• Tangotai Kofun cluster, Kofun period tumuli {{cite web|url=http://bunka.nii.ac.jp/heritages/detail/218149|title=丹後平古墳群 |work=Cultural Heritage Online|publisher=Agency for Cultural Affairs|language=ja|access-date=25 December 2016}}

• The sound of the umi-neko at Hachinohe was selected by the Ministry of the Environment as one of the 100 Soundscapes of Japan.{{cite web |title=Top 100 Soundscapes of Japan |url=http://www.env.go.jp/air/life/nihon_no_oto/02_2007oto100sen_Pamphlet.pdf |access-date=18 March 2017 |publisher=Ministry of the Environment}}

• Tohoku Free Blades, Asia League Ice Hockey team
• Vanraure Hachinohe, J-League soccer team

• {{flagdeco|US}} Federal Way, Washington, United States{{Cite web|title=Sister City: Federal Way, Washington, U.S.A.{{!}}八戸市|url=https://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/bunka_sports/kokusaikoryu/kaigaitonokoryu/13947.html|access-date=2020-08-18|website=www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp|language=ja}}
• {{flagdeco|PRC}} Lanzhou, Gansu, China since April 1998{{cite web|url=https://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/soshikikarasagasu/shiminrenkeisuishinka/kokusaikoryuu/1/4257.html|title=Hachinohe City official home page|work=Sister City: Lanzhou, Gansu, China|language=en|access-date=20 February 2024}}

{{Unreferenced section|date=April 2017}}

• Saeko Chiba, voice actress
• Miki Furukawa, musician, and former bass guitarist and singer for the Japanese rock band Supercar
• Kengo Hanazawa, manga artist
• Chiharu Icho, freestyle wrestler
• Kaori Icho, freestyle wrestler
• Masako Katsuki, voice actress
• Hitomi Obara, freestyle wrestler
• Tadamori Oshima, politician
• Marimo Ragawa, manga artist

There is a main-belt asteroid named Hachinohe.{{Cite web|title=6200 Hachinohe (1993 HL)|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=6200|access-date=2020-08-18|website=ssd.jpl.nasa.gov}}

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Commons category}}

{{Wikivoyage|Hachinohe}}

• [http://www.city.hachinohe.aomori.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}}

{{Aomori}}

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{{Most populous cities in Japan}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities in Aomori Prefecture

Category:Port settlements in Japan

Category:Populated coastal places in Japan