:Ilya Moiseev
{{Short description|Soviet Russian chemist (1929–2020)}}
{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Ilya Moiseev
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name = Илья Моисеев
| native_name_lang = ru
| image = Илья Иосифович Моисеев.jpg
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| caption = Moiseev in 2009
| birth_name = Ilya Iosifovich Moiseev
| birth_date = {{birth date|1929|03|15|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Moscow, RSFSR, Soviet Union
| death_date = {{death date and age|2020|10|10|1929|03|15|df=yes}}
| death_place = Moscow, Russia
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| citizenship = USSR, Russia
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| fields = chemistry
| workplaces = IGIC RAS (1963-)
RGUNG Gubkin (2003-)
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| education = MITHT (1952; PhD 1967)
| alma_mater =
| thesis_title = Research in the field of chemistry of π-complexes of palladium
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| thesis_year = 1967
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| known_for = metal-complex catalysis
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| awards = Centenary Prize {{small|(2006)}}
Demidov Prize {{small|(2012)}}
Chugaev Prize {{small|(2012)}}
Mendeleev Medal {{small|(2013)}}
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Ilya Iosifovich Moiseev ({{langx|ru|Илья Иосифович Моисеев}}; 15 March 1929 – 10 October 2020)[http://www.ruschemunion.ru/news/lastest_news/id1944.html Утрата тяжела, безвременна и невосполнима] {{in lang|ru}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ips.ac.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=787&Itemid=1|title=ИНХС РАН - 11.10.2020|website=Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis (Topchiev Institute)|access-date=12 October 2020|language=ru}} was a Soviet and Russian chemist. An expert in both kinetics and the coordination chemistry of transition metals, he made significant advances in metal-complex catalysis.{{cite web | title=Академику Моисееву Илье Иосифовичу - 85 лет! | trans-title=Academician Ilya Iosifovich Moiseev - 85 years!| website=Russian Academy of Sciences | url=http://www.ras.ru/news/shownews.aspx?id=cdb8931b-eb7c-4a2c-81aa-30e9ca145eca | language=ru | date=15 March 2014| access-date=20 October 2018}}
Biography
Moiseev was born in Moscow. He studied organic chemistry at Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies (MITHT). After graduating in 1952, his first jobs were as an engineer, a junior researcher in physical chemistry, then a senior researcher in organic chemistry. From 1963, he worked at the N. S. Kurnakov {{ill|Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry|ru|Институт общей и неорганической химии имени Н. С. Курнакова РАН}} (IGIC) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow, as head of the laboratory of metal-complex catalysis and coordination chemistry. From 2003 onward, he was a professor at the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (RGUNG Gubkin).
He also served as chairman of the Scientific Council for Gas Chemistry, RAS, and vice-president of the Russian Chemical Society.
Research
By developing new principles for the design of catalytic systems he created highly efficient catalysts that enabled compounds of commercial importance to be synthesized from cheap hydrocarbons. His concerns for efficiency and choice of raw materials were informed by environmental as well as economic considerations.{{sfnp|Moiseev|2011}} His innovations became the basis of industrial methods for the production of acetaldehyde from ethylene, the synthesis of formic acid from carbon monoxide and water, the hydrogenation of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide, and the synthesis of isoprene.{{cite web | title=ОБЪЯВЛЕНЫ ЛАУРЕАТЫ ДЕМИДОВСКОЙ ПРЕМИИ | trans-title=Demidov Prize winners announced| website=Russian Academy of Sciences | url=http://www.ras.ru/digest/showdnews.aspx?_language=ru&id=50117c27-e6d1-4881-aaa6-f06f5cfb4ba8 | language=ru | date=8 October 2012| access-date=20 October 2018}} He discovered Palladium catalysts that have selective effects under mild conditions, and synthesized new classes of inorganic compounds.
Possibly his most famous discovery was the Pd(II)-catalyzed acetoxlyation of ethylene to vinyl acetate in 1960, which has become known as Moiseev's reaction.{{sfnp|Moiseev|Vargaftik|Syrhim|1960}}{{cite book | last1=Temkin | first1=O.N. | last2=Pozdeev | first2=P.P. | title=Homogeneous Catalysis with Metal Complexes: Kinetic Aspects and Mechanisms | publisher=Wiley | year=2012 | isbn=978-1-119-96682-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rfLUj0xfnN0C&pg=PT23 | access-date=20 October 2018 | page=23}} The reaction proceeds only in the presence of sodium acetate; Moiseev used benzoquinone to regenerate the Pd(II) catalyst.
CH2=CH2 + 2 CH3COONa + PdCl2 ⟶
CH2=CHOOCCH3 + 2 NaCl + Pd + CH3COOH
Honours and awards
In 2002 he received the State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology.{{cite web | title=УКАЗ Президента РФ от 13.12.2003 N 1481 "О ПРИСУЖДЕНИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕМИЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2002 ГОДА В ОБЛАСТИ НАУКИ И ТЕХНИКИ" | trans-title=Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 13 December 2003, No. 1481: "On awarding State Prizes of the Russian Federation in 2002 in the field of science and technology"| website=Kremlin | date=12 June 2013 | url=http://graph.document.kremlin.ru/page.aspx?773028 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612052428/http://graph.document.kremlin.ru/page.aspx?773028 | archive-date=12 June 2013 | url-status=dead | language=ru | access-date=20 October 2018}} In 2011 he was awarded the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology.{{cite web | title=Распоряжение правительства N 146-р "О присуждении премий Правительства РФ 2011 года в области науки и техники" | trans-title=Government Order No. 146-p: "On awarding prizes of the Government of the Russian Federation in 2011 in the field of science and technology" | website=Russian Gazette | date=15 February 2012 | url=https://rg.ru/2012/02/15/premiya-dok.html | language=ru | access-date=20 October 2018}} He also received the Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (1986), Honour (1999) and Friendship (2009).
The Royal Society of Chemistry awarded Moiseev the Centenary Prize for 2006/7. In 2012, he was awarded the Demidov Prize for his contribution to the chemistry of organoelement compounds, petrochemistry, and carbene chemistry,{{cite web| script-title=ru:Евгению Примакову вручили Демидовскую премию| trans-title=Yevgeny Primakov awarded the Demidov Prize| url=https://lenta.ru/news/2012/11/07/demidov/| language=Russian| date=7 November 2012| access-date=19 October 2018}} and the RAS Chugaev Prize for his work on coordination compounds in industrially important redox reactions.{{cite web | title=Именные премии и медали | trans-title=L. A. Chugaev Prize | website=Russian Academy of Sciences | url=http://www.ras.ru/about/awards/awdlist.aspx?awdid=102 | language=ru | access-date=20 October 2018}} In 2013 he received the RAS Mendeleev Medal for outstanding work in the field of catalysis and energy-saving technologies.{{cite web | title=Золотая медаль имени Д.И. Менделеева | trans-title=D. I. Mendeleev Gold Medal | website=Russian Academy of Sciences | url=http://www.ras.ru/win/db/award_dsc.asp?P=id-21.ln-ru | language=ru | access-date=20 October 2018}}
He became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in 1990, and an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1992. He was a full member of the Academy of Sciences, Arts and Literature in Paris, the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, and the Academia Europaea.
Bibliography
- {{cite journal| first1=I. I.| last1=Moiseev| first2=M.| last2=Vargaftik| first3=Y. K.| last3=Syrhim| title=About the mechanism of the reaction between palladium and alkenes in hydroxyl containing solvents| journal=Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR| volume=133| issue=2| pages=377–380| year=1960}}
- {{cite journal | last=Moiseev | first=I. I. | title=Green chemistry in the bulk chemicals industry | journal=Kinetics and Catalysis | publisher=Pleiades Publishing Ltd | volume=52 | issue=3 | year=2011 | issn=0023-1584 | doi=10.1134/s0023158411030141 | pages=337–347 | s2cid=97097642 }}
References
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Category:20th-century Russian chemists
Category:21st-century Russian chemists
Category:Scientists from Moscow
Category:Corresponding Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Category:Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Category:Members of Academia Europaea
Category:Demidov Prize laureates
Category:Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia)
Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour