:Jyutping

The Jyutping system{{cite web|url=http://www.lshk.org/node/47|publisher=The Linguistic Society of Hong Kong|title=The Jyutping Scheme|access-date=3 January 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426050642/http://www.lshk.org/node/47|archive-date=26 April 2013}} departs from all previous Cantonese romanisation systems (approximately 12, including Robert Morrison's pioneering work of 1828, and the widely used Standard Romanization, Yale and Sidney Lau systems) by introducing z and c initials and the use of eo and oe in finals, as well as replacing the initial y, used in all previous systems, with j.{{cite journal|last1=Kataoka|first1=Shin|last2=Lee|first2=Cream|date=2008|journal=Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics|title=A System without a System: Cantonese Romanization Used in Hong Kong Place and Personal Names|pages=94–98}}

In 2018, it was updated to include the -a and -oet finals, to reflect syllables recognized as part of Cantonese phonology in 1997 by the Jyutping Work Group of the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong.

• Only the finals m and ng can be used as standalone nasal syllables.
• {{note|1}} Used for elided words in casual speech such as a6 in 四十四 (sei3 a6 sei3), elided from sei3 sap6 sei3.{{cite web |title=Jyutping Cantonese Romanization Scheme 粵拼方案制定的背景 |url=https://lshk.org/jyutping-scheme/ |access-date=2024-04-03 |author=Linguistic Society of Hong Kong |date=7 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240316043551/https://lshk.org/jyutping-scheme/ |archive-date=2024-03-16}}
• {{note|2}}{{note|3}}{{note|4}} Referring to the colloquial pronunciation of these words.
• {{note|5}} Used for onomatopoeias such as oet6 for belching or goet4 for snoring.

{{main|Cantonese phonology#Tones}}

There are nine tones in six distinct tone contours in Cantonese. However, as three of the nine are entering tones ({{zh|c=入聲|j=jap6 sing1|labels=no}}), which only appear in syllables ending with p, t, and k, they do not have separate tone numbers in Jyutping (though they do in the ILE romanization of Cantonese; these are shown in parentheses in the table below). A mnemonic which some use to remember this is {{lang-zh|t=風水到時我哋必發達|j=fung1 seoi2 dou3 si4 ngo5 dei6 bit1 faat3 daat6|labels=no}} or "Feng Shui [dictates that] we will be lucky."

Jyutping and the Yale romanisation of Cantonese represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:

• The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, w.
• The vowel: aa (except when used alone), a, e, i, o, u, yu.
• The nasal stop: m, ng.
• The coda: i, u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.

But they differ in the following:

• The vowels eo and oe represent {{IPA|/ɵ/}} and {{IPA|/œː/}} respectively in Jyutping, whereas the eu represents both vowels in Yale.
• The initial j represents {{IPA|/j/}} in Jyutping whereas y is used instead in Yale.
• The initial z represents {{IPA|/ts/}} in Jyutping whereas j is used instead in Yale.
• The initial c represents {{IPA|/tsʰ/}} in Jyutping whereas ch is used instead in Yale.
• In Jyutping, if no consonant precedes the vowel yu, then the initial j is appended before the vowel. In Yale, the corresponding initial y is never appended before yu under any circumstances.
• Jyutping defines five finals not in Yale: a {{IPA|/ɐ/}}, eu {{IPA|/ɛːu/}}, em {{IPA|/ɛːm/}}, ep {{IPA|/ɛːp/}}, oet {{IPA|/œːt/}}. These finals are used in colloquial Cantonese words, such as deu6 ({{lang|yue|掉}}), lem2 ({{lang|yue|舐}}), and gep6 ({{lang|yue|夾}}).
• To represent tones, only tone numbers are used in Jyutping whereas Yale traditionally uses tone marks together with the letter h (though tone numbers can be used in Yale as well).

Jyutping and ILE romanisation represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:

• The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, j, w.
• The vowel: aa, a, e, i, o, u.
• The nasal stop: m, ng.
• The coda: i (except for its use in the coda {{IPA|/y/}} in Jyutping; see below), u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.

But they have some differences:

• The vowel oe represents both {{IPA|/ɵ/}} and {{IPA|/œː/}} in ILE whereas eo and oe represent {{IPA|/ɵ/}} and {{IPA|/œː/}} respectively in Jyutping.
• The vowel y represents {{IPA|/y/}} in ILE whereas both yu (used in the nucleus) and i (used in the coda of the final -eoi) are used in Jyutping.
• The initial dz represents {{IPA|/ts/}} in ILE whereas z is used instead in Jyutping.
• The initial ts represents {{IPA|/tsʰ/}} in ILE whereas c is used instead in Jyutping.
• To represent tones, the numbers 1 to 9 are usually used in ILE, although the use of 1, 3, 6 to replace 7, 8, 9 for the checked tones is acceptable. However, only the numbers 1 to 6 are used in Jyutping.

Sample transcription of one of the 300 Tang Poems:

The Jyutping method ({{zh|t=粵拼輸入法}}) refers to a family of input methods based on the Jyutping romanization system.

The Jyutping method allows a user to input Chinese characters by entering the Jyutping romanization of a Chinese character (with or without tone, depending on the system) and then presenting the user with a list of possible characters with that pronunciation.

As of macOS Ventura, Jyutping input with Traditional Chinese now comes standard on macOS under the name "Phonetic – Cantonese".

• [https://www.typeduck.hk/ TypeDuck] ({{lang|yue|TypeDuck 打得粵拼輸入法}})
• [https://www.jyutping.com Online Jyutping Input Method] ({{lang|yue|網上粵拼輸入法}})
• [https://www.mdbg.net/chinese/webime-select MDBG Type Chinese]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20070609032851/http://rescomp.stanford.edu/~domingo2/Chinese.html LSHK Jyutping] for Mac (Mac OS 9 and macOS) (The page also includes Yale input version 0.2)
• [https://www.pinyinjoe.com/faq/microsoft-office-2010-new-phonetic-cangjie-cantonese-jyutping-ime-update.htm Hong Kong Cantonese 2010] (via Microsoft Office IME 2010)
• [https://www.cpime.hk/p/cantonese-pinyin-input-software.html?lang=en Cantonese Phonetic IME] ({{lang|yue|廣東話拼音輸入法}}) (also called 'Cantonese Phonetic IME (CPIME) Jyutping' in Windows 10[http://www.pinyinjoe.com/faq/windows-10-cantonese-phonetic-ime-cpime.htm FAQ: How to select Cantonese Phonetic IME (CPIME) in Windows 10])
• [https://rime.im/ RIME] ({{lang|yue|小狼毫輸入法引擎}})
• Gboard

{{Portal|Hong Kong|China|Languages}}

• Cantonese phonology

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{{Reflist|2}}

• {{cite book |last=Zee |first=Eric |date=1999 |title=Handbook of the International Phonetic Association |place=Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |pages=58–60 |isbn=0521652367}}

• [https://lshk.org/jyutping-scheme/ Official website], from the Linguistic Society of Hong Kong

• [http://www.cantonese.sheik.co.uk/essays/jyutping.htm Jyutping Pronunciation Guide]
• [http://input.foruto.com/ccc/jyt/ {{lang|yue|粵語拼盤}}]: Learning the phonetic system of Cantonese
• [http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-can/ Chinese Character Database (Phonologically Disambiguated According to the Cantonese Dialect)]
• [http://www.cantonese.sheik.co.uk/dictionary/words/ The CantoDict Project] is a dedicated Cantonese-Mandarin-English online dictionary which uses Jyutping by default
• [http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=chardict MDBG free online Chinese-English dictionary (supports both Jyutping and Yale romanization)]

Category:Languages of Hong Kong

Category:Cantonese romanisation

Category:Writing systems introduced in 1993

Category:1993 establishments in Hong Kong