:Luis García Berlanga

Berlanga was born on June 12, 1921, into an affluent family in the city of Valencia, on the east coast of Spain. His father was a Republican politician in the national parliament who was arrested and sentenced to death after the Spanish Civil War. He enrolled in the Blue Division in the Eastern Front of World War II to avoid having his father executed. In his youth, Berlanga studied law and philosophy, but in 1947 he decided to enter the {{ill|Institute of Cinematographic Investigations and Experiences|es|Escuela Oficial de Cine}} (Instituto de Investigaciones y Experiencias Cinematográficas) in Madrid.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/film-obituaries/8144176/Luis-Garcia-Berlanga.html|location=London|work=The Daily Telegraph| title=Luis Garcia Berlanga|date=18 November 2010}}[https://elpais.com/elpais/2011/11/14/inenglish/1321251655_850210.html Berlanga's Blue Division notebooks], elpais.com, 14 November 2011.

His debut as a film director in 1951 was with the comedy That Happy Couple in which he worked with Juan Antonio Bardem. With Bardem, he is considered to be one of Spanish film renovators after the Spanish Civil War. They cofounded a film magazine, Objetivo, in 1953,{{cite book|author=S. Marsh|title=Popular Spanish Film Under Franco: Comedy and the Weakening of the State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TBSFDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA207|access-date=4 February 2017|date=15 December 2005|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-0-230-51187-3|page=207}} which existed until 1956.{{cite book|author=Virginia Higginbotham|title=Spanish Film Under Franco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4K2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT25|access-date=4 February 2017|date=27 January 2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-76147-6|page=25}} The magazine contributed to the struggle for a censorship-free cinema in Francoist Spain.{{cite journal|author=Nuria Triana-Toribio|title=Film Cultures in Spain's Transition: The "Other" Transition in the Film Magazine Nuevo Fotogramas (1968-1978)|issue=4

|year=2014|journal=Cultural Studies|volume=15|pages=455–474|s2cid=142634911|doi=10.1080/14636204.2014.991486}}

File:Escultura conmemorativa de Bienvenido, Mister Marshall.jpg (1953)]]

Among his films are masterpieces of Spanish cinema such as Welcome Mr. Marshall! (1953), in which he highlights the stereotypes held by both the Spanish and the Americans regarding the culture of the other, as well as a social criticism of 1950s Francoist Spain,{{Cite web |last=MacDonald |first=Darla |date=20 January 2013 |title=Bienvenido, Míster Marshall (Luis García Berlanga, 1952) |url=https://www.madrimasd.org/blogs/imagen_cine_comunicacion_audiovisual/2013/01/20/126173 |url-status=live |website=Madrid Blogs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213060042/https://www.madrimasd.org/blogs/imagen_cine_comunicacion_audiovisual/2013/01/20/126173|archive-date=Dec 13, 2022}} and the black comedy The Executioner (1963), an acclaimed critical portrait about the capital punishment which stars Nino Manfredi.{{cite news|title=The Executioner: By the Neck|date=2016-10-26|author=David Chairns|work=The Criterion Collection |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/4271-the-executioner-by-the-neck|accessdate=23 November 2024}}

Characteristic of his films are their sense of irony, the satires of different social and political situations and the use of the long take full of superimposed characters and dialogues.{{cite news|title=Berlanga, en su sala|date=6 September 2010|author=Sergio Daniel Bote|newspaper=ABC |url=https://www.abc.es/play/cine/berlanga-201009060000_noticia.html|access-date=20 November 2024}} Since Welcome Mr. Marshall!, he introduced a mention to the Austro-Hungarian Empire in his films as a private joke.{{cite news|title=Todos los imperios austrohúngaros de las películas de Berlanga|date=2021-06-11|author=Daniel de Partearroyo|work=Cinemanía |url=https://www.20minutos.es/cinemania/noticias/imperios-austrohungaros-peliculas-berlanga-4726000/|accessdate=26 November 2024}} During the Francoist State, his ability to outwit the censors allowed him to make daring projects such as The Rocket from Calabuch (1956), starring Edmund Gwenn,{{Cite web|url=https://postmodernpelican.com/2021/06/06/the-rocket-from-calabuch-1956/|title=The Rocket of Calabuch|language=English|work=The Postmodern Pelican|date=6 June 2021|accessdate=24 November 2024}} and Miracles of Thursday (1957), with Richard Basehart in the lead role.{{Cite web|url=https://www.elmundo.es/television/programacion-tv/peliculas/1158265_los-jueves-milagro.html|title=Los Jueves, milagro|language=Spanish|work=El Mundo|access-date=2024-11-24}} His film Plácido (1961), a black comedy about poverty in which he collaborated for the first time with screenwriter Rafael Azcona,[https://www.20minutos.es/cinemania/noticias/placido-la-primera-gran-pelicula-berlanguiana-disponible-en-flixole-4737293/ 'Plácido', la primera gran película 'berlanguiana', disponible en FlixOlé], Cinemanía, 5 July 2021. Accessed 27 November 2024. received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Plácido also entered into the 1962 Cannes Film Festival,{{cite web |url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/f/placido/|title=Festival de Cannes: Plácido |accessdate=24 February 2009|work=festival-cannes.com}} as well as Long Live the Bride and Groom in 1970.{{cite web |url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/f/vivan-los-novios/|title=Festival de Cannes: Long Live the Bride and Groom |accessdate=11 April 2009|work=festival-cannes.com}}

File:LaVaquilla1.jpg in summer 1984, Sos del Rey Católico.]]

In 1973 he filmed {{Interlanguage link|Grandeur nature|fr|Grandeur nature (film, 1974)}} (Life Size, 1974), a French-Italian-Spanish coproduction about a married man (Michel Piccoli) who falls in love with a female mannequin, which was not released in Spain until 1978 due to Franco's censorship.[https://www.diezminutos.es/teleprograma/programacion-tv/a1982906/historia-de-nuestro-cine-tamano-natural-luis-garcia-berlanga/ ‘Tamaño natural', en 'Historia de nuestro cine'], Diez Minutos, 10 April 2018. Accessed 23 November 2024. Its premiere in Italy provoked a demonstration by feminists who accused the film of presenting women as objects. However, other women defended it.in : E. Larraz, Le cinéma espagnol, des origines à nos jours, préface de L. G. Berlanga, Les Éditions du Cerf, Paris, 1986. This was followed by La escopeta nacional (1978), Patrimonio nacional (1981), which entered into the 1981 Cannes Film Festival,{{cite web |url=https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/f/patrimonio-nacional/|title=Festival de Cannes: National Heritage |accessdate=2 June 2009|work=festival-cannes.com}} and Nacional III (1982), a satirical trilogy about the Leguineches, an impoverished aristocratic family.{{cite news|title=Sátiras en transición: la trilogía de los Leguineche|date=2021-12-02|author=Redacción Cine con Ñ|newspaper=Cine con Ñ|url=https://cineconn.es/satiras-en-transicion-la-trilogia-de-los-leguineche/|accessdate=23 November 2024}} His 1985 film La vaquilla (The Heifer), a comedy about the Civil War, was the highest-grossing Spanish film in Spain at the time.{{cite magazine|magazine=Variety|date=7 May 1986|page=379|title=Spain's All-Time Top Grossing Pics}} Other films include the period comedy Boyfriend in Sight (1954), the Argentine production Las Pirañas (1967), and Moors and Christians (1987), his last collaboration with Azcona.{{cite news|title=‘Moros y cristianos’: el canto del cisne de la pareja Azcona-Berlanga para retratar a una España obsesionada por su imagen

|date=2024-02-16|author=Arturo Tena|newspaper=Cine con Ñ|url=https://cineconn.es/moros-y-cristianos-pelicula-berlanga-espana-imagen/|accessdate=27 November 2024}}

Throughout his career, Berlanga won international prizes at several important film festivals, including Cannes Film Festival and Venice Film Festival. He was nominated three times for the Cannes Film Festival's prestigious Palme d'Or award.{{cite news|title=Spanish director Luis Garcia Berlanga dies aged 89|date=2010-11-14|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-11752608|access-date=27 November 2024}} In 1968, he was head of the jury at the 18th Berlin International Film Festival.{{cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1968/04_jury_1968/04_Jury_1968.html |title=Berlinale 1968: Juries |access-date=1 March 2010|work=berlinale.de}} At the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival he won a prize as one of the world's ten most prominent film directors.{{cite web|title=Luis García Berlanga. Biografía|author=Instituto Cervantes|url=https://www.cervantes.es/bibliotecas_documentacion_espanol/creadores/garcia_berlanga_luis.htm|accessdate=23 November 2024}} In the mid-70s he became director of the erotic literature collection {{ill|La sonrisa vertical|es|La sonrisa vertical}}.{{cite news|title=Berlanga, el erotómano|date=13 November 2010|author=C. Prieto and S. Brito|newspaper=Público|url=https://www.publico.es/actualidad/berlanga-erotomano.html| access-date=24 November 2024}} From 1978 to 1982 he was president of the Filmoteca Española.{{cite news|url=https://www.cultura.gob.es/cultura/areas/cine/mc/fe/conocenos/nuestrahistoria.html|title=Filmoteca Española|author=Ministerio de Cultura|language=es|access-date=24 November 2024}} In 1986 Berlanga was a key figure in the creation of the Spanish Film Academy{{cite news|title=La Academia de Cine española cumple 25 años|date=3 February 2011|author=Lorena Ferro|newspaper=La Vanguardia |url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/hemeroteca/20110203/54110093057/la-academia-de-cine-espanola-cumple-25-anos.html|access-date=20 November 2024}} and received the Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts "for collecting in all his work, with exemplary independence, a critical and smiling analysis of Spanish society."{{cite web |url = https://www.fpa.es/es/premios-princesa-de-asturias/premiados/1986-luis-garcia-berlanga.html?especifica=0|title = Luis García Berlanga - Premio Príncipe de Asturias de las Artes 1986|publisher = Fundación Princesa de Asturias |language= es|access-date = 10 February 2024}}

His accolades also include the {{ill|National Cinematography Prize|es|Anexo:Premio Nacional de Cinematografía}} (Premio Nacional de Cinematografía) in 1980{{cite news|title=Luis G. Berlanga, premio nacional de Cinematografía por su trabajo en la Filmoteca|date=23 January 1981|author=El País|newspaper=El País |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1981/01/23/ultima/349052405_850215.html|accessdate=26 November 2024}} and the Italian Commendatore Order,{{cite web|title=Biografía Luis García Berlanga|author=University of Valencia|url=https://www.upv.es/organizacion/la-institucion/honoris-causa/luis-garcia-berlanga/biografia-es.html|accessdate=24 November 2024}} the Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts (Medalla de Oro de las Bellas Artes) in 1982,{{cite journal|url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1982/03/05/pdfs/A05883-05883.pdf|journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado|title=Real Decreto 397/1982, del 28 de febrero, por el que se concede la Medalla al Mérito en las Bellas Artes, en su categoría de oro, a don Luis García Berlanga.|date=28 February 1982|access-date=30 August 2018|issue=34|page=37503|language=es}} the Number One award for European cinema at the {{ill|EuropaCinema|it|EuropaCinema}} film festival in Rimini in 1985,{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/diario/1985/09/29/cultura/496792810_850215.html|title=Berlanga, elegido 'número uno' del cine europeo|newspaper=El País|language=es|date=29 September 1985|access-date=24 November 2024}} the membership at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in 1988,{{cite news|title=Luis García Berlanga, miembro de la Academia de Bellas Artes|date=26 April 1988|author=El País|newspaper=El País |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1988/04/26/cultura/578008808_850215.html|accessdate=23 November 2024}} the honorary doctorate of the Complutense University of Madrid in 1989,{{cite web|title=Madrid, 28/06/1989.- El cineasta Luis García Berlanga ha sido investido doctor "Honoris Causa" de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, en un ceremonia presidida por el rector de dicha universidad, Gustavo Villapalos, en el Paraninfo de la Complutense|date=26 June 1989|author=EFE|work=EFE|url=https://efs.efeservicios.com/foto/madrid-28061989-cineasta-luis-garcia-berlanga-investido-doctor-honoris-causa-universidad/8000439908|access-date=26 November 2024}} the Goya Award for Best Director for his 1993 comedy Everyone Off to Jail,{{cite web |url=https://www.premiosgoya.com/pelicula/todos-a-la-carcel/|title=Todos a la cárcel |access-date=3 December 2019 |work=Premios Goya |publisher=Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de España}} the honorary doctorate of the University of Valencia in 1997,{{cite news|title=Luis G. Berlanga, 'honoris causa' por la Politécnica de Valencia|date=3 October 1997|author=Neus Caballer|newspaper=El País |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1997/10/03/cultura/875829601_850215.html|accessdate=24 November 2024}} and the Gold Medal of Merit in Labour (Medalla al Mérito en el Trabajo) in 2002.{{cite journal|url=https://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2002/12/14/pdfs/A43637-43637.pdf|journal=Boletín Oficial del Estado|title=Real Decreto 1355/2002, de 13 de diciembre, por el que se concede la Medalla de Oro al Mérito en el Trabajo a don Luis García Berlanga.|date=13 December 2002|access-date=30 August 2018|issue=34|page=37503|language=es}}

He was married in 1954 with María Jesús Manrique, and they had four sons. Two of his sons died in Madrid relatively young from liver diseases: Carlos Berlanga on 5 June 2002, at the age of 42, and Jorge Berlanga on 9 June 2011, at 52 years old.{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2011/06/09/cultura/1307610223.html|title= Muere en Madrid el escritor Jorge Berlanga|author=El Mundo|date=9 June 2011|accessdate=23 November 2024}}

Berlanga died of natural causes in Madrid on 13 November 2010, at the age of 89.{{cite web|title=Luis García Berlanga obituary|date=2010-11-14|work=The Guardian|author=Nick Caistor|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2010/nov/14/luis-garcia-berlanga|accessdate=11 February 2024}}

His closed coffin was on display at the Spanish Film Academy in Madrid before its burial in Pozuelo de Alarcón. Crowds of actors, artists, politicians and other admirers lined up to pay their respects. The president of the Academy Álex de la Iglesia said "he changed my life", while the director José Luis García Sánchez would affirm that Berlanga "dignified an entire aesthetic tradition. On his tomb it should be read, instead of RIP, The End."{{cite news|title=Goodbye Mr Berlanga: nation's leading filmmaker dies at 89

|date=15 November 2010|author=El País|newspaper=El País |url=https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2010/11/15/inenglish/1289802045_850210.html|accessdate=23 November 2024}} Filmmaker Pedro Almodóvar, who also came to the funeral, declared: "We always speak about Billy Wilder. If Berlanga had made films in another language, the whole world would be paying tribute to him." And noted that Berlanga was "one of the best representatives of the Spanish culture of the 20th century, a generation of great illusionists who knew how to survive in a sordid Spain with very strict censorship."{{cite web|title=El cine español despide a Berlanga con un hondo sentimiento de orfandad|date=2010-11-14|work=Hoy|author=Miguel Lorenci|url=https://www.hoy.es/rc/20101114/mas-actualidad/cultura/berlanga-muerte-velatorio-entierro-201011140148.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hoy.es%2Frc%2F20101114%2Fmas-actualidad%2Fcultura%2Fberlanga-muerte-velatorio-entierro-201011140148.html|accessdate=20 April 2024}}

File:Aquí vivió Luis García-Berlanga (cropped).JPG to Luis García-Berlanga in Madrid.]]

Berlanga had an influence in many contemporary Spanish filmmakers, which include Santiago Segura, Javier Fesser, Borja Cobeaga, Alberto Caballero,

and Víctor García León.{{cite news|title=La huella de un cómico genial|date=2021-05-09|author=Gregorio Belinchón|newspaper=El País |url=https://elpais.com/especiales/2021/cien-anos-de-berlanga/espana/|accessdate=23 November 2024}} Almodóvar also admitted that his cinema is indebted to Berlanga's: "When making a Spanish comedy, it is almost impossible to avoid the influence of Berlanga and Azcona. With Berlanga, you learn the difference between a master and yourself."{{cite web|title=Almodóvar: "Si Berlanga hubiera escrito en otra lengua el mundo se rendiría"|date=2010-11-14|work=20 minutos|author=EFE / ATLAS|url=https://www.20minutos.es/noticia/873257/0/almodovar/berlanga/lengua/|accessdate=23 November 2024}}

The term {{ill|'berlanguian'|es|berlanguiano}}, which refers to the surreal, to what is difficult to explain but absolutely possible within the imagination and way of being of the Spanish, has been admitted by the Royal Spanish Academy.{{cite web|url=http://www.revistadeantropologia.es/Textos/Lo%20Berlanguiano%20como%20termino%20cultural.pdf|title=Lo Berlanguiano como término cultural|author=Ignacio Lara Jornet|publisher=Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche |year=2010}} French actor Michel Piccoli, who worked with Berlanga in Grandeur nature (1974) and {{Interlanguage link|París-Tombuctú|es}} (1999), said of him: "He's Don Quixote" and added: "Well, he could also be Sancho." Francisco Franco, upon being told by his ministers that Berlanga was an anarchist, a Bolshevik and a communist, uttered the following words: "He is much worse than that; he is a bad Spaniard."{{cite news|title=Adiós Mr. Berlanga|date=13 November 2010|author=El País|newspaper=El País |url=https://elpais.com/cultura/2010/11/13/actualidad/1289602805_850215.html|access-date=20 April 2024}}

In 2008, Berlanga deposited in the Caja de las Letras number 1034 of the Instituto Cervantes an envelope containing a secret, which he asked not to be revealed until 12 June 2021, when the centenary of his birth would be celebrated.{{cite web|url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2008/05/27/cultura/1211895771.html|title=El secreto de Luis García Berlanga hasta 2021|author=El Mundo|date=27 May 2008|accessdate=23 November 2024}} On 9 June 2021, three days before the centenary, his grandchildren Fidel and Jorge opened the box and revealed the secret contents of the envelope: an unpublished script titled Viva Rusia!, co-written by the filmmaker himself, his son Jorge, Rafael Azcona and Manuel Hidalgo Ruiz, a project for the fourth film of the Leguineche family saga that was never filmed.Las Provincias. [https://www.lasprovincias.es/culturas/dejo-berlanga-caja-letras-20210610105513-nt.html El último secreto de Berlanga: «¡Viva Rusia!»], 10 June 2021. Accessed 15 June 2021.

In 2011, Correos, the Spanish postal service, issued a sheet of stamps in tribute to him and the screenwriter Rafael Azcona as part of its Spanish cinema series.{{cite web|title=Cine Español|work=Correos|url=https://filatelia.correos.es/es/va/rincon-correos/filatelia/productos/sellos/espana/2011/cine-espanol|access-date=22 November 2024}} Ten years later, to celebrate the centenary of Berlanga's birth, the company issues a new stamp on his figure.{{cite web|title=Personajes.- 2021. Centenario del nacimiento de Luis García Berlanga|work=Correos|url=https://filatelia.correos.es/es/es/rincon-correos/filatelia/productos/sellos/espana/2021/personajes---2021--centenario-del-nacimiento-de-luis-garcia-berl|access-date=22 November 2024}}

In 2012, the Berlanga Film Museum (BFM) was inaugurated as an online museum dedicated exclusively to the dissemination of his work.{{cite news|title=Inaugurado el Berlanga Film Museum|date=2012-11-12|author=Cadena SER|newspaper=Cadena SER |url=https://cadenaser.com/ser/2012/11/12/cultura/1352679434_850215.html|accessdate=23 November 2024}}

The Valencian Audiovisual Awards were renamed the Berlanga Awards by the regional ministry of Education, Culture and Sport between 2021 and 2024 to pay homage to the Valencia-born filmmaker.{{Cite web|url=https://valenciaplaza.com/los-galardones-del-audiovisual-valenciano-pasan-a-llamarse-premios-berlanga|website=Valencia Plaza|title=Los galardones del audiovisual valenciano pasan a llamarse Premios Berlanga|date=29 September 2021|accessdate=23 November 2024}}{{Cite web|url=https://cineconn.es/premios-lola-gaos-berlanga-avav/|website=Cine con Ñ|title=Los antiguos Premios Berlanga se llamarán Premios Lola Gaos a partir de 2025|accessdate=23 November 2024}}

From February to June 2022 the Spanish Film Academy opened in Valencia the exhibition Berlanguiano. Luis García Berlanga (1921-2021).{{Cite web|url=https://www.academiadecine.com/2022/02/08/la-exposicion-berlanguiano-luis-garcia-berlanga-1921-2021-abre-sus-puertas-en-valencia/|work=Academia de las Artes y las Ciencias Cinematográficas de España|title=La exposición ‘Berlanguiano. Luis García Berlanga (1921-2021)’ abre sus puertas en Valencia|date=8 February 2022|access-date=22 November 2024}} In December, the Spanish Ministry of Culture acquired the Berlanga Archive, made up of 74 boxes, containing photographs, scripts, correspondence, awards, drawings and personal objects. The material is kept in the facilities of the Filmoteca Española, an entity dependent on the Institute of Cinematography and Audiovisual Arts (ICAA) that is in charge of its conservation and dissemination.{{Cite web|url=https://www.epe.es/es/cultura/20221214/ministerio-cultura-adquiere-archivo-berlanga-79965477|work=El Periódico de España|author=Voro Contreras|title=El Ministerio de Cultura adquiere el Archivo Berlanga pero no confirma su traslado a València|date=14 December 2022|access-date=23 November 2024}}

• Tenemos 18 años (1959)

{{main|Academy Awards}}

{{main|Cannes Film Festival}}

{{main|Venice Film Festival}}

{{main|Goya Awards}}

{{main|Prince of Asturias Awards}}

{{main|Mar del Plata International Film Festival}}

{{main|Valladolid International Film Festival}}

{{main|Sant Jordi Awards}}

{{main|Fotogramas de Plata}}

{{main|Premios Ondas}}

{{main|CEC Awards}}

• 50px Gold Medal of Merit in the Fine Arts (Kingdom of Spain, 28 February 1982)
• 50px Gold Medal of Merit in Labour (Kingdom of Spain, 13 December 2002)

• Café Gijón (Madrid)

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last=Higginbotham |first=Virginia|title=Spanish Film Under Franco|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i4K2AgAAQBAJ|year=2014|publisher=University of Texas Press|chapter=Chapter 5: Luis García Berlanga|isbn=9780292761476}}
• {{cite book |last1=Hidalgo|first1=Manuel|last2=Fernández Les|first2=Juan|title= El último austrohúngaro. Conversaciones con Berlanga|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lOlWEAAAQBAJ|year=2020|publisher=Alianza Editorial|isbn=9788413621289}}
• {{cite book |last1=Villena|first1=Miguel Ángel|title= Berlanga. Vida y cine de un creador irreverente|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pxccEAAAQBAJ|year=2021|publisher=Tusquets Editores S.A.|isbn=9788490669334}}

{{Commons category}}

• {{IMDb name|id=0305557}}
• [http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2003/great-directors/berlanga/ Luis García Berlanga] – Luis Garcia Berlanga's biography at Senses of Cinema
• [https://www.theyshootpictures.com/berlangaluisgarcia.htm Luis García Berlanga] – They Shoot Pictures, Don't They?
• [https://berlangafilmmuseum.com/en/ Berlanga Film Museum] - In English
• [https://www.cultura.gob.es/dam/jcr:33130d61-0972-4906-965b-f6e2b086d993/berlanga-la-risa-amarga-esp-ing-online.pdf Berlanga, La Risa Amarga (The Bitter Laugh)]

{{Luis García Berlanga}}

{{Goya Award for Best Director}}

{{Prince of Asturias Award for the Arts}}

{{Berlin International Film Festival jury presidents}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garcia Berlanga, Luis}}

Category:1921 births

Category:2010 deaths

Category:Writers from Valencia

Category:Spanish film directors

Category:Best Director Goya Award winners

Category:Spanish magazine founders

Category:Blue Division personnel