:Manoa
{{Short description|Neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii, US}}
{{Other uses|Manoa (disambiguation)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{coord|21|18.87916|N|157|48.4846|W|display=title}}
File:Manoa from ridge.jpg ridge]]
Manoa ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|m|ɑː|n|oʊ|ə}}, {{small|informally}} {{IPAc-en|m|ɑː|ˈ|n|oʊ|ə}}; {{langx|haw|Mānoa}}) is a valley on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. It is a residential neighborhood of Honolulu, Hawaii. The neighborhood is approximately three miles (5 km) east and inland from downtown Honolulu and less than a mile (1600 m) from Ala Moana and Waikiki.
Neighborhood
{{Unreferenced section|date=February 2024}}
Similar to many Honolulu neighborhoods, Mānoa consists of an entire valley, running from Manoa Falls at the mauka (inland-most) end to King Street. The valley receives almost daily rain, even during the dry season, and is thus richly vegetated – though the valley walls are often dry. Seeing rainbows in the valley is a common occurrence, and is the source of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa sports team names, the Rainbow Warriors (for men's teams) and Rainbow Wahine (for the women, with the beach volleyball team more often using BeachBows).
The neighborhood is composed of private houses built before the 1960s and low-rise condominiums. Mānoa is home to the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, the flagship campus of the University of Hawaiʻi System. The university has several faculty and student residence areas in Mānoa.
Other educational institutions located in Mānoa include Manoa Elementary School, Noelani Elementary School, Punahou School, the Mid-Pacific Institute, Saint Francis School, and a handful of small, private preschools.
The central shopping area of Mānoa is the Mānoa Marketplace which features a farmer's market several days of the week. More recent development has seen housing on steeper parts of the Diamond Head side valley wall.
Geography
Mānoa means thick, solid, vast, depth, or thickness in the Hawaiian language.Pukui, M. K., S. H. Elbert, and E. T. Mookini. The Pocket Hawaiian Dictionary with a Concise Hawaiian Grammar. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HI. 1975, p. 104. There is another valley named Mānoa on the north shore of Kauaʻi.
Mānoa Stream begins at the base of Mānoa Falls and runs through the valley before joining the Palolo Stream to form the Mānoa-Palolo drainage canal, which flows into the Ala Wai Canal. Floods caused by high rainfall have plagued the residents living along Mānoa Stream. Most recent was on October 30, 2004, when Mānoa Stream overflowed causing millions of dollars in damages to residential homes and University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa buildings.
=Climate=
{{Weather box
|location = Manoa (Lyon Arboretum) 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1975–present
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 88
|Feb record high F = 87
|Mar record high F = 90
|Apr record high F = 86
|May record high F = 88
|Jun record high F = 89
|Jul record high F = 89
|Aug record high F = 90
|Sep record high F = 92
|Oct record high F = 91
|Nov record high F = 90
|Dec record high F = 88
|year record high F = 92
|Jan high F = 76.0
|Feb high F = 75.9
|Mar high F = 75.7
|Apr high F = 76.0
|May high F = 77.7
|Jun high F = 78.1
|Jul high F = 79.0
|Aug high F = 80.1
|Sep high F = 80.8
|Oct high F = 80.1
|Nov high F = 78.0
|Dec high F = 76.4
|year high F = 77.8
|Jan mean F = 69.6
|Feb mean F = 69.6
|Mar mean F = 69.8
|Apr mean F = 70.7
|May mean F = 72.3
|Jun mean F = 73.3
|Jul mean F = 74.4
|Aug mean F = 75.2
|Sep mean F = 75.4
|Oct mean F = 74.7
|Nov mean F = 72.8
|Dec mean F = 70.9
|year mean F = 72.4
|Jan low F = 63.1
|Feb low F = 63.3
|Mar low F = 63.9
|Apr low F = 65.4
|May low F = 66.8
|Jun low F = 68.4
|Jul low F = 69.7
|Aug low F = 70.2
|Sep low F = 70.0
|Oct low F = 69.2
|Nov low F = 67.6
|Dec low F = 65.4
|year low F = 66.9
|Jan record low F = 52
|Feb record low F = 50
|Mar record low F = 52
|Apr record low F = 56
|May record low F = 56
|Jun record low F = 59
|Jul record low F = 61
|Aug record low F = 61
|Sep record low F = 63
|Oct record low F = 59
|Nov record low F = 54
|Dec record low F = 49
|year record low F = 49
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain inch = 10.64
|Feb rain inch = 9.14
|Mar rain inch = 13.74
|Apr rain inch = 12.91
|May rain inch = 9.32
|Jun rain inch = 12.87
|Jul rain inch = 15.35
|Aug rain inch = 12.66
|Sep rain inch = 12.19
|Oct rain inch = 12.89
|Nov rain inch = 15.08
|Dec rain inch = 14.17
|year rain inch = 150.96
|unit rain days = 0.01 in
|Jan rain days = 18.3
|Feb rain days = 18.0
|Mar rain days = 20.6
|Apr rain days = 24.4
|May rain days = 22.5
|Jun rain days = 26.3
|Jul rain days = 28.1
|Aug rain days = 26.8
|Sep rain days = 25.2
|Oct rain days = 24.9
|Nov rain days = 24.1
|Dec rain days = 23.0
|year rain days = 282.2
|source 1 = NOAA{{cite web
| url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/Climate?wfo=hfo
| title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = September 11, 2021}}
{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00516128&format=pdf
| title = Station: Manoa Lyon ARBO 785.2, HI
| work = U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991-2020)
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = September 11, 2021}}
}}
History
Mānoa was the site of the first sugarcane and coffee plantations in the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiian coffee was first introduced along Mānoa Valley in 1813 by Don Francisco de Paula y Marytin as an ornamental plant. In 1825 Chief Boki, the Royal Governor of Oahu, followed up and brought coffee trees back from Brazil on the ship {{HMS|Blonde|1819|6}}.{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/withlordbyronat00macrgoog |title= With Lord Byron at the Sandwich Islands in 1825: Being Extracts from the MS Diary of James Macrae, scottish botanist |publisher= W.F. Wilson |year=1922 |author= James Macrae |editor= William Frederick Wilson |isbn= 978-0-554-60526-5 }}{{rp|34}}
Chief Boki also chose Mānoa Valley as the historic birth site of the very first coffee plantation in Hawaii. With the aid of an agriculture expert, John Wilkinson, the coffee trees were able to survive which allowed its descendants to be brought over to Kona and other islands many years later.
Hawaiʻi is the only state in the United States that produces coffee commercially. For more history see coffee production in Hawaii.
There are many legends associated with Mānoa. In one legend, Kahalaopuna was born to Kahaukani and Kauakuahine. Kahaukani is the wind of Mānoa and Kauakuahine is the rain of Mānoa. Kakaukani and Kauakuahine were brother and sister, both born to Akaaka (the projecting spur of the Mānoa mountain range) and Nalehuaakaaka (the lehua on the brow of the Mānoa ridge).Thrum, Thomas. Hawaiian Folk Tales: A Collection of Native Legends. A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago. 1907, pp. 118–119.
Education
Hawaii Department of Education operates public schools in Mānoa, which is also home to the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
The private Saint Francis School was in Mānoa until its 2019 closure.{{Cite web|url=https://www.staradvertiser.com/2019/02/14/breaking-news/saint-francis-school-in-manoa-will-close-entirely-at-end-of-academic-year/|title=Saint Francis School in Manoa will close entirely at end of academic year|last=Essoyan|first=Susan|date=2019-02-15|website=Honolulu Star-Advertiser|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-26}}
Gallery
{{wide image|ManoaValleyOahuPano.jpg|1200px|Manoa Valley panoramic|80%|alt=Manoa Valley Panoramic}}
{{clear}}
Image:ManoaValleyOahu.jpg|Mānoa Valley facing Waikiki, Honolulu
Back of Mānoa Valley.jpg|Sunset over Mānoa as seen from the back of the valley
Image:UHVintageAerialPostCard.jpg|Vintage shot of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa with the back of the valley in the background
Image:Vintage Manoa Valley.jpg|Vintage photo of Mānoa Valley
Points of interest
{{Portal|Hawaii}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em|small=yes}}
- Lyon Arboretum
- Manoa Falls
- Manoa Falls Trail
- Manoa Heritage Center
- Salvation Army Waiʻoli Tea Room
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
{{div col end}}
References
{{Reflist}}