:Navin Chawla

{{Short description|Indian civil servant (1945–2025)}}

{{use Indian English|date=February 2025}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}

{{Infobox officeholder

|name = Navin Chawla

|image = Election Commissioner Shri Navin. B. Chawla releasing Landmark Judgments on Election Law at a meeting with Chief Electoral Officers of all the States, in New Delhi on June 28, 2006 (cropped).jpg

|caption = Chawla in 2006

|office = 16th Chief Election Commissioner of India

|term_start = 21 April 2009

|term_end = 29 July 2010

|president = Pratibha Patil

|primeminister = Manmohan Singh

|predecessor = N. Gopalaswami

|successor = S. Y. Quraishi

|birth_date = {{Birth date|1945|7|30|df=y}}

|birth_place = New Delhi, British India

|death_date = {{Death date and age|2025|2|1|1945|7|30|df=y}}

|death_place = New Delhi, India

|occupation = Civil servant

|alma_mater = University of Delhi
University of London

|nationality = Indian

}}

Navin Chawla (30 July 1945 – 1 February 2025) was an Indian civil servant and writer, who served as 16th Chief Election Commissioner of India.{{cite news|author=J Balaji |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article540482.ece |title=News / National : Chawla demits office; Quraishi to take over |work=The Hindu |location=India |date=29 July 2010 |accessdate=18 October 2011}} Four phases (out of five) of the Indian general election to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Indian Parliament, were executed under his supervision in April and May 2009.{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/The-wonder-that-is-Indias-election/articleshow/4532296.cms |title=The wonder that is India's election |work=The Times of India |date=15 May 2009 |access-date=18 October 2011 |archive-date=24 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024034755/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-15/india/28168723_1_diplomats-political-party-countries |url-status=live }}

Chawla is best known for his biography of Mother Teresa and for conducting the 2009 general elections, despite concerns about his leanings towards the Congress Party. Action was taken against alleged malpractice by Congress governments in Rajasthan, Assam and Andhra Pradesh and the Congress-Allied government in Tamil Nadu.{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/FullcoverageStoryPage.aspx?sectionName=RSSFeed-India&id=adec8889-15df-4af7-871c-2f6d182784b4MyIndiamyvote2009_Special&Headline=Cong+accuses+EC+of+bias%2c+says+complaints+ignored|title=Hindustan Times}}{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/ec-code-not-letting-me-work-will-move-sc-says-assam-cm/451022/2 |title=EC code not letting me work, will move SC, says Assam CM |work=The Indian Express |location=India |date=25 April 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011}} According to his family, Chawla was deeply influenced by Mother Teresa and decided not to resign from the civil service in 1997 in accordance with her advice.{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=84f7ba17-c6b0-4ed4-a023-3be78263469e |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090511090415/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=84f7ba17-c6b0-4ed4-a023-3be78263469e |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 May 2009 |title=Standing up to be counted |work=Hindustan Times |location=India |date=6 March 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011}}

Background

Chawla was born on 30 July 1945 in New Delhi. He studied at the Lawrence School, Sanawar, Himachal Pradesh from 1953 to 1961[http://www.indian-elections.com/chief-election-commissioner.html Chief Election Commissioner of India] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231949/http://www.indian-elections.com/chief-election-commissioner.html |date=3 March 2016 }} at indian-elections.com. Retrieved 14 March 2012 (when he received his Senior School Certificate), and received a Government of India scholarship for his first two years at the Lawrence School. Chawla received a B.A. (Hons.) in history from St. Stephen's College, Delhi in 1966. He later studied at SOAS University of London and was awarded a second bachelor's degree, Bachelor of Arts in history, from the University of London (1965-1967). He received a diploma in social administration from the London School of Economics in 1968. Chawla was appointed a Fellow of Queen Elizabeth House at Oxford University in 1996.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}}

Chawla died at a hospital in New Delhi, on 1 February 2025, at the age of 79.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/former-cec-navin-b-chawla-79-dies-at-delhi-hospital-101738403453398.html|title=Former CEC Navin B Chawla, 79, dies at Delhi hospital|work=Hindustan Times |date=February 2025 }}

Career

Chawla was an Indian Administrative Service officer from the batch of 1969. He rose to the highest rank of Secretary to the Government of India. He served as a magistrate and later commissioner in the Union Territory of Delhi. He was appointed the first Chairman of the Delhi Vidyut (Electricity) Board.{{cn|date=April 2022}} He was appointed Election Commissioner in 2005, succeeding B. B. Tandon (who was promoted to Chief Election Commissioner of India) and helped pioneer the open-skies policy as Joint Secretary in the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting [http://www.indiantelevision.com/headlines/y2k4/june/june27.htm ] (1992–96). Chawla was appointed India's 16th Chief Election Commissioner on 21 April 2009. He conducted the General Election of 2009. He wrote Mother Teresa's best-selling official biography, Mother Teresa.{{cite book|last=Muggeridge |first=Malcolm |title=Mother Teresa (9781852309114): Navin Chawla: Books |year=1996 |publisher=Element |isbn=1852309113 }}

={{anchor|Earlier posts held}}Earlier posts=

Chawla occupied a number of posts both in the Central Government as well as the Union Territories of Delhi, Lakshadweep and Pondicherry, becoming Additional Secretary and Secretary to the Government of India. These appointments were made during the time of the NDA Government headed by Prime Minister Vajpayee of the BJP.

{{anchor|Initiatives as Chief Election Commissioner}}Chief Election Commissioner

Chawla undertook reforms of the electoral process and the election commission. He advocated a constitutional process for the removal of election commissioners, bringing it in line with that for removal of the chief election commissioner, so that election commissioners were afforded the same constitutional protection given to the CEC{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/11/18/stories/2009111860571200.htm |title=National : Impeachment for ECs too, says CEC |work=The Hindu |location=India |date=18 November 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011 |archive-date=7 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107045246/http://www.hindu.com/2009/11/18/stories/2009111860571200.htm |url-status=dead }} Chawla ensured that third gender individuals were given the right to vote for the first time. They had been left out of the democratic process, since they could not register as male or female. They could now register in a new category "Other". The issue was first broached by students at KIIT Law School, Bhubaneswar and Asia College of Journalism, Chennai.{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/article50452.ece |title=The Hindu : Opinion / Editorial : Legitimising the other |work=The Hindu |date=18 November 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011 |location=Chennai, India}}{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/letters/article51077.ece |title=The Hindu : Opinion / Letters : Legitimising the other |work=The Hindu |date=19 November 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011 }}{{cite web|author=Our Special Correspondent |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1091113/jsp/nation/story_11735618.jsp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091202062346/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1091113/jsp/nation/story_11735618.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 December 2009 |title=The Telegraph Calcutta (Kolkata) | 'Other' gender enters poll rolls |work=The Telegraph |location=Kolkota, India |date=13 November 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011}}{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/37294/ecs-decision-comes-big-reprieve.html |title=EC's decision comes as big reprieve for eunuchs |date=22 November 2009 |accessdate=15 December 2009 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303201609/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/37294/ecs-decision-comes-big-reprieve.html |archivedate=3 March 2016}} This human rights initiative was emulated by many other organisations in India and elsewhere. He also supported including the participation in the electoral process of under-trials in India. He believed that under-trials should be allowed to vote, especially as convicts could participate in the electoral process and even stand for election.{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Undertrials-must-get-right-to-vote-Election-Commission/articleshow/5259200.cms |title=Undertrials must get right to vote: Election Commission |work=The Times of India |date=23 November 2009 |access-date=18 October 2011 |archive-date=25 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025135821/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-23/india/28073649_1_undertrial-navin-chawla-contest |url-status=live }} He enlisted leprosy sufferers in electoral polls and encouraged braille-literate voters to vote independently.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}}

{{anchor|Controversies and Political Opposition}}Association with Mother Teresa

Deeply influenced by Mother Teresa, he wrote her bestselling biography (translated into 14 languages). Almost half a million copies have been sold. Substantial royalties have been donated to the cause of leprosy. Because of her influence, he set up two NGOs which provide free medicines to leprosy patients, and free vocational training to healthy children of leprosy parents, which also includes beauty training given free by noted beautician Shahnaz Husain, as well as computer training programmes.{{cn|date=September 2021}} Free education is provided to disabled children drawn from Below-Poverty-Line families. Currently, 130 such children and youth attend the Lepra India Trust School in Delhi. Meanwhile, at the 'Darshan School', of which Chawla was Chairman, there are 52 Hearing-Impaired children divided into seven classes of almost nine children per class as per the international norm. 20-30 boys and girls who are profoundly hearing-impaired are taught computer software and helped with employment. All services are free, including hearing aids (two per child) provided by Starkey Corporation.

{{anchor|Assistance from MPLADS FUNDS}}Societal contributions

Chawla was Founder Chairman of the Jaipur-based Lala Chaman Lal Education Trust, called 'Darshan', which looks after disabled hearing-impaired children, and which had obtained MPLADS funds from Congress MPs Aimaduddin Khan and R. P. Goenka. This amounted to 20% of the total expenditure.{{Cite web|url=http://www.timesnow.tv/Newsdtls.aspx?NewsID=28230|title=Exclusive: Chawla accepted funds for private trusts}} The trust was allotted {{convert|6|acre|m2}} of land by the Congress government in Rajasthan when Ashok Gehlot was Chief Minister.{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060317/nation.htm#1 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Nation |work=The Tribune |location=India |accessdate=18 October 2011}}{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/02/08/stories/2006020807011200.htm |title=The Hindu : National : Navin Chawla denies any conflict of interest, presents details of trust funding |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |accessdate=18 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110318081644/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2006/02/08/stories/2006020807011200.htm |archive-date=18 March 2011 |url-status=usurped }}
All facilities are provided free of charge. At present{{When|date=April 2025}} 64 hearing-impaired children are taught by special educators. Computer software is taught to older students.

Navin Chawla was running another trust called the Lepra India Trust in Delhi which is focused on the treatment of leprosy-affected cases. Almost 20,000 street cases have been attended by Lepra doctors. The trust also teaches hearing-impaired children and children belonging to poor families. All conditions under the MPLAD act are scrupulously adhered to.{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}} Chawla provided for free services for all the children. He obtained employment for many youth.

Navin Chawla was invited on 16 February 2015 to distribute 'Smart Canes' to visually impaired students of Delhi University, during the course of the Antardhwani festival. An important part of the festival that mattered greatly to the cause of disability was distribution of "smart canes" to the first batch of visually impaired students. By June, it was hoped to distribute these canes to all those suffering from visual disability, including students and teachers alike, numbering about 200.

=Leprosy=

Chawla endorsed Justice A. P. Shah, chairman of the Law Commission's recent{{When|date=April 2025}} recommendation that the then 117-year-old Lepers Act is highly discriminatory and must be removed from the statute book, and replaced by a more humane law that takes into account that leprosy is now fully curable. A new law also needs to be implemented with understanding and compassion.

Controversies

=Shah Commission=

In the 1970s the Shah Commission an independent commission headed by former Chief Justice of India Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah which investigated atrocities during the Emergency, said in its final report that Chawla was "unfit to hold any public office which demands an attitude of fair play and consideration for others."{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/opinion/article61373.ece |title=Is India's first minority PM secular? |accessdate=27 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927043323/http://newindianexpress.com/opinion/article61373.ece |archivedate=27 September 2013}}{{cite web|url=http://in.rediff.com/news/2009/feb/02bsraghavan-its-unfair-to-impute-motives-to-cec.htm |title=Unfair to impute motives to CEC – Rediff.com India News |work=Rediff.com |date=2 February 2009 |accessdate=18 October 2011}}[http://www.dailypioneer.com/170874/The-man-behind-the-mask.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100102071812/http://www.dailypioneer.com/170874/The-man-behind-the-mask.html|date=2 January 2010}}{{cite web |url=https://www.nation.com.pk/07-Apr-2009/transcending-bounds-of-honesty |title=Transcending bounds of honesty | English |work=The Nation|location=Pakistan |date=7 April 2009 |access-date=18 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410203912/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Opinions/Columns/07-Apr-2009/Transcending-bounds-of-honesty |archive-date=10 April 2009 |url-status=live}}{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/House-rocked-over-proposed-ordinance/articleshow/1459383.cms |title=House rocked over proposed ordinance |work=The Times of India |date=22 March 2006 |access-date=18 October 2011 |archive-date=11 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811073735/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-03-22/india/27830564_1_ordinance-fresh-batch-bjp-members |url-status=live }}pg.165 Political mobilisation and democracy in India: states of emergency By Vernon Hewitt, Vernon Marston Hewitt The Delhi High Court (Justice T. P. S. Chawla) however dismissed the report of the Shah Commission.[The Honble. Justice TPS Chawla judgement, High Court of Delhi, Criminal Original Jurisdiction, Criminal Misc (Main). Number 540 of 1978 New Delhi, 7 November 1978.]

Awards

  • 2005 Mazzini Award from the government of Italy "in recognition of his efforts to forge a new relationship with Italy and strengthening existing bonds"{{cite news|title=Italy honours Navin Chawla|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/03/18/stories/2005031811280400.htm|newspaper=The Hindu|date=18 March 2005|access-date=8 April 2006|archive-date=5 April 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050405010552/http://www.hindu.com/2005/03/18/stories/2005031811280400.htm|url-status=dead}}
  • 2004 award from the New Delhi Institution of Directors
  • NDTV-Icon of the year 2009
  • NDTV-Icon of the year 2013
  • In 2014 -Bhartiya Vidhya Bhavan, Mumbai Award for conducting of election

Bibliography

  • 1988: "The Vocational Rehabilitation and Social Re-integration of the Leprosy Affected in India" (report released at the India International Centre in New Delhi by Mother Teresa on 18 October 1988)
  • 1992: authorised biography, Mother Teresa; translated into 14 languages in India and abroad
  • 1996: Faith and Compassion – The Life and Work of Mother Teresa (with photographer Raghu Rai); Element Books (UK and US), translated into Dutch and Spanish

Further reading

  • {{cite news|title=Overcoming the stigma of leprosy|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/30/stories/2008013054801000.htm|newspaper=The Hindu|date=30 January 2008|access-date=4 August 2010|archive-date=2 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080202172415/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/30/stories/2008013054801000.htm|url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite news|title=The miracle of faith|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/25/stories/2007082554761400.htm|newspaper=The Hindu|date=25 August 2007|access-date=12 February 2008|archive-date=4 November 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104021514/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/25/stories/2007082554761400.htm|url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite news|title=Touch the Poor...|url=http://india-today.com/itoday/15091997/navin.html|newspaper=India Today|date=15 September 1997|access-date=12 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903222551/http://india-today.com/itoday/15091997/navin.html|archive-date=3 September 2010|url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite news|title=The Path to Sainthood|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/10/04/stories/2003100401101000.htm|newspaper=The Hindu|date=4 October 2003|access-date=14 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033751/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/10/04/stories/2003100401101000.htm|archive-date=2 December 2008|url-status=usurped}}
  • {{cite news|title=In the shadow of a saint|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/10/04/stories/2003100401101000.htm|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=5 September 2007|access-date=14 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202033751/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/10/04/stories/2003100401101000.htm|archive-date=2 December 2008|url-status=usurped}}
  • {{cite news|title=Chawla's appointment was wrong|author=S Gurumurthy|url=http://newindianexpress.com/opinion/article32047.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927043403/http://newindianexpress.com/opinion/article32047.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 September 2013|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=1 February 2009}}
  • {{cite news|title=Poll panel's credibility: It's vital for free and fair elections|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080219/edit.htm|newspaper=The Tribune|date=19 February 2008}}
  • {{cite news|title=Mission Possible|url=http://indiatoday.digitaltoday.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&&issueid=49&id=6961&Itemid=1&page=in&latn=2|newspaper=India Today|date=21 April 2008}}
  • {{cite news|title=Unlit Lamps in Attics|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/full.asp?sid=1&fodname=20080428&fname=Col+Navin+Chawla+(F)|newspaper=Outlook|date=28 April 2008|access-date=1 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502101311/http://www.outlookindia.com/full.asp?fodname=20080428&fname=Col+Navin+Chawla+%28F%29&sid=1|archive-date=2 May 2008|url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite news|title=Mother Teresa and the joy of giving|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/26/stories/2008082655280900.htm|newspaper=The Hindu|date=26 August 2008|access-date=8 September 2008|archive-date=28 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828171234/http://www.hindu.com/2008/08/26/stories/2008082655280900.htm|url-status=dead}}
  • {{cite news|title=The mystery of Mother Teresa|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/article9166.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|date=26 August 2009}}

References

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