:Olomaʻo
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{speciesbox
| image = Zzzolomao.jpg
| status = PE
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Myadestes
| species = lanaiensis
| authority = (Wilson, SB, 1891)
| range_map = Myadestes_lanaiensis_range.png
| synonyms =
}}
{{More citations needed|article|date=January 2009}}
The oloma{{okina}}o (Myadestes lanaiensis) is a small, dark solitaire endemic to Maui, Lāna{{okina}}i and Moloka{{okina}}i in the Hawaiian Islands. It is currently listed as Critically Endangered under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2019 |title=Myadestes lanaiensis |volume=2019 |page=e.T22708574A155254449 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T22708574A155254449.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}
Description
It grows up to 7 inches in length. The male and female of the species look similar. It is dark brown above and gray below with blackish legs.
Image:Myadestes lanaiensis lanaiensis.jpg (top), Myadestes lanaiensis lanaiensis (middle). and Myadestes obscurus (bottom)]]
Call
Its song consists of a complex melody of flute-like notes, liquid warbles, and gurgling whistles. The call is a catlike rasp, with an alternate high pitched note similar to a police whistle.
Behavior and diet
Conservation
The oloma{{okina}}o is still classified as Critically Endangered due to the possibility that an extremely small population or individuals may still exist. The last definitive sighting occurred on Oahu in the 1850s, on Lanai in 1933, and on Moloka{{okina}}i in 1980 in the Kamakou Preserve. In the late 19th century, it was considered common to abundant on the Maui, Lanai, and Moloka{{okina}}i, but land clearing, including the establishment and subsequent development of Lāna{{okina}}i City, and avian malaria brought on by introduced mosquitoes decimated the birds. Introduced animals such as feral pigs (which create pools from their wallows for breeding mosquitoes) also aided in its demise.
Taxonomy
It is closely related to the other species of Hawaiian thrushes, the puaiohi (M. palmeri), {{okina}}ōma{{okina}}o (M. obscurus), and the probably extinct kāma{{okina}}o (M. myadestinus).
Maui birds may have constituted a separate subspecies or race, but became extinct before any studies could be performed.
Two subspecies are recognized:{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela C. Rasmussen | date=February 2025 | title=Thrushes | work=IOC World Bird List Version 15.1 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/thrushes/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=23 March 2025 }}
- M. l. lanaiensis - Lāna{{okina}}i thrush
- M. l. rutha - Moloka{{okina}}i thrush
The extinct ʻāmaui, that was endemic to Oʻahu, has sometimes been considered as a subspecies.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=6349&m=0 Species factsheet] - BirdLife International
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110608000000/http://nlbif.eti.uva.nl/naturalis/detail?lang=uk&id=21 3D view] of specimen RMNH 110.026 at Naturalis, Leiden (requires QuickTime browser plugin)
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1301092}}
Category:Endemic birds of Hawaii
Category:Critically endangered fauna of Hawaii
Category:Birds described in 1891
Category:Taxa named by Scott Barchard Wilson
Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
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