:Provinces of Ethiopia
{{Short description|Pre-1992 first-level administrative divisions}}
Historically, Ethiopia was divided into provinces, further subdivided into awrajjas or districts, until they were replaced by ethnolinguistic-based regions (kililoch) and chartered cities in 1995.{{Cite journal|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26586251|title=Ethnic Identity Politics and the Restructuring of Administrative Units in Ethiopia|author=Mulatu Wubneh|year=2017|journal=International Journal of Ethiopian Studies|volume=11|issue=1 & 2|pages=105–138|jstor=26586251 }}{{Cite web|title=Ethiopia Political Map and Regions {{!}} Mappr|url=https://www.mappr.co/political-maps/ethiopia/|access-date=2021-09-14|website=www.mappr.co|language=en-US}}
History
=Pre-1936=
Older provinces (existing prior to the 1936–41 fascist Italian occupation), are still frequently used to indicate locations within Ethiopia. These include:
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Amhara
- Dembiya
- Enderta
- Fatagar
- Hadiya
- Ifat
- Lasta
- Menz
- Qwara
- Semien
- Tembien
- Tigray
- Tselemt
- Tsegede{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}
- Wag
- Wegera
}}
= 1942–1974 =
File:Ethiopia, administrative divisions - en - colored (1943-1987).svg
Ethiopia was divided into 12 provinces or governates-general (taklai ghizat) by Imperial Ethiopian Government Decree No. 1 of 1942 and later amendments.{{cite journal |author=Bereket Habte Selassie |date=1966 |title=Constitutional development in Ethiopia |journal=Journal of African Law |volume=10 |issue=2 |page=79 |jstor=744683}}
The 12 provinces were:
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Bale was created as a 13th province when it was split off from Harrarghe in 1960. Eritrea was united with Ethiopia and made a 14th province in 1962.
= 1974–1991 =
When the Derg took power in 1974 they relabelled the provinces as regions (kifle hager).{{cite book |editor1-last=Ofcansky |editor1-first=Thomas P. |editor2-last=Berry |editor2-first=LaVerle |date=1993 |title=Country profile: Ethiopia |url= https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/cs/profiles/Ethiopia.pdf |publisher=Federal Research Division, Library of Congress}}{{Rp|222}} By 1981 Addis Ababa had become a separate administrative division from Shewa, and Aseb was split off from Eritrea in 1981, making 16 administrative divisions in total.{{Rp|334}} With the exception of Arsi (whose name derives from the eponymous Oromo subgroup, and which initially included majority-Gurage area later transferred to Shewa province (becoming Southern Shewa), all of the provinces were deliberately drawn to include multiple "tribes" (or ethnicities) so as to better facilitate national cohesion.{{verify source|date=February 2019}}
Under the 1987 Constitution of Ethiopia, the military rule of the Derg evolved into the civilian government of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, and chapter 8 of the Constitution determined that the state would be subdivided into "autonomous regions" and "administrative regions". Chapter 9 gave to the National Shengo (the legislature) the power to establish the regions.{{cite journal |date=1988 |title=The Constitution of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia |journal=Review of Socialist Law |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=181–208 |doi=10.1163/187529888X00095 }} The Shengo established the regions in Proclamation No. 14 of 1987, on 18 September. There were thirty regions, consisting of five autonomous regions, and twenty-five administrative regions. The five autonomous regions were:{{Rp|223}}
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The twenty-five administrative regions were:{{Rp|xxiii}}
{{columns-list|*Addis Ababa
See also
References
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{{Ethiopia topics|state=collapsed}}
{{Habesha peoples}}
{{Regions of Eritrea}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Provinces Of Ethiopia}}
Category:Former subdivisions of Ethiopia
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