:The Cannon Group, Inc.
{{Short description|Film studio}}
{{distinguish|Canon Inc}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|Cannon Group|Canyon Group}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}} {{Use American English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox company
| type = Private
| logo = Cannon Films logo.png
| location = United States
(Also owned studios and cinema chains throughout the UK, Israel and Europe)
| caption =
| fate = Rebranded as Pathé Communications and later folded into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
| successor = Library:
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (with some exceptions)
| founders = Dennis Friedland
Christopher C. Dewey
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1967|10|23}}
| defunct = {{End date and age|1994|1|21}}
| industry = Film production
| key_people = Dennis Friedland
(1967–1979)
Christopher C. Dewey
(1967–1979)
Menahem Golan
(1979–1989){{cite news|title= THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Golan Quits Cannon Group To Form His Own Company|work= The New York Times|date=1989-03-01|url= https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/01/business/the-media-business-golan-quits-cannon-group-to-form-his-own-company.html?scp=2&sq=Cannon%20Films&st=cse|access-date=2010-08-08 | first=Geraldine | last=Fabrikant}}
Yoram Globus
(1979–1994)
Giancarlo Parretti
(1989–1990)
Ovidio G. Assonitis
(1989–1990)
Christopher Pearce
(1990–1994)
| products = Motion pictures
Video releasing
Cinema Chains (UK and Europe)
| num_employees =
| parent =
| subsid = Cannon Video
Cannon Cinemas
Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment
HBO/Cannon Video
ABC Cinemas
}}
The Cannon Group, Inc. was an American group of companies, including Cannon Films, which produced films from 1967 to 1994.{{cite web |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/cannon-films/27317/the-rise-and-fall-of-cannon-films |title=The rise and fall of Cannon Films |last1=Lambie |first1=Ryan |date=September 20, 2013 |website=Den of Geek |access-date=March 11, 2014}} The extensive group also owned, amongst others, a large international cinema chain and a video film company that invested heavily in the video market, buying the international video rights to several classic film libraries. The Cannon catalogue encompasses a wide range of different genres. On one hand, they are known for their highly successful 1980s action B movies, such as Missing in Action (1984), American Ninja (1985), and Bloodsport (1988). But they also produced the Oscar-nominated films Joe (1970), Runaway Train (1985) and Street Smart (1987).
1967–1979: Friedland/Dewey era
Cannon Films was incorporated on October 23, 1967. It was formed by Dennis Friedland and Chris Dewey while they were in their early 20s. They had immediate success producing English-language versions of Swedish soft porn films directed by Joseph W. Sarno: Inga (1968), aka Jag––en oskuld and To Ingrid, My Love, Lisa (1968), aka Kvinnolek. By 1970, they had produced films on a larger production scale than a lot of major distributors, such as Joe, starring Peter Boyle.{{cite magazine|title=Ernie Sands Slant: Let 'Joe' Arrive As Surprise Item|magazine=Variety|date=September 23, 1970|page=6}}
They managed this by tightly limiting their budgets to $300,000 per picture—or less, in some cases. The success of Joe brought more attention to the company. As the 1970s moved on, a string of unsuccessful films seriously drained Cannon's capital. This, along with changes to film-production tax laws, led to a drop in Cannon's stock price.
1979–1987: Golan-Globus era
By 1979, Cannon had hit serious financial difficulties, and Friedland and Dewey sold Cannon to Israeli cousins Menahem Golan and Yoram Globus for $500,000.{{cite news|title= Golan-Globus Finally At Home In Hollywood |publisher= SunSentinel.com|url= https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1986-03-02-8601130418-story.html|access-date=2010-08-27}} The two cousins forged a business model of buying bottom-barrel scripts and putting them into production. They produced such films in a variety of genres, although their biggest successes were with action films. They tapped into a ravenous market for B movies in the 1980s.{{cite news|title= Cannon Bid as Major Studio Is Cliffhanger Firm's Future at Risk in High-Stakes Gamble|work=Los Angeles Times|date=August 24, 1986|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-24-fi-17584-story.html|access-date=2010-12-04|first=Al|last=Delugach}} After buying the rights to the 1974 film Death Wish, Cannon produced three sequels to it in the 1980s, all starring Charles Bronson. Despite receiving negative reviews from the critics, these films were financially successful, especially Death Wish II (1982), which earned over $40 million on an $8 million budget.
Other major hits for Cannon were a series of action movies starring Chuck Norris, including Missing in Action (1984),{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl1398965761/weekend/|title=Missing in Action|website=Box Office Mojo|access-date=January 29, 2012}} Invasion U.S.A. (1985) and The Delta Force (1986). Missing in Action was criticized heavily as being a preemptive cash-in on the Rambo franchise.{{cite web|url=https://theflickcast.com/2011/05/16/war-movie-mondays-missing-in-action/|publisher=The Flick Cast|title=War Movie Mondays, Missing in Action Movie Review|access-date=January 29, 2012}}{{cite web|url=https://popdose.com/box-office-flashback-december-10-1984/|publisher=Pop Dose: Pop Culture News, Reviews and Discussion|title=Box Office Flashback, December 10, 1984|date=10 December 2010 |access-date=January 29, 2012}} James Cameron's story treatment for Rambo: First Blood Part II was floating around Hollywood in 1983, which Golan and Globus reviewed and were "inspired" by. The writers of MIA even gave Cameron credit saying their film was inspired by his script treatment.{{cite web|url=https://moviesoothsayer.wordpress.com/2011/09/28/movie-review-missing-in-action-trilogy/|publisher=moviesoothsayer|title=Movie Review: Missing in Action Trilogy|date=28 September 2011 |access-date=January 29, 2012}}
The Cannon Group ignited a worldwide ninja craze with "The Ninja Trilogy", a film series which consisted of Enter the Ninja (1981), Revenge of the Ninja (1983), and Ninja III: The Domination (1984), all starring Sho Kosugi, as well as American Ninja (1985) and its sequel American Ninja 2: The Confrontation (1987). Other action/adventure films they produced included the 3-D Treasure of the Four Crowns, King Solomon's Mines, and the vigilante thriller sequel Exterminator 2.
The Cannon Group's biggest financial success was with the 1986 action film Cobra, which starred Sylvester Stallone; not a low-budget film, it earned $160 million on a $25 million budget.
Cannon produced musical and comedy films such as Breakin', Breakin’ 2: Electric Boogaloo, The Last American Virgin, and the U.S. release of The Apple (directed by Golan); erotic period drama pictures such as Lady Chatterley's Lover (1981), Bolero, and Mata Hari (1985); science fiction and fantasy films such as Hercules, Lifeforce, and The Barbarians; and serious pictures such as John Cassavetes' Love Streams, Franco Zeffirelli's Otello (a film version of the Verdi opera), Norman Mailer's Tough Guys Don't Dance, and Andrei Konchalovsky's Runaway Train and Shy People.
During these years, Cannon prominently advertised at the Cannes Film Festival each year. Substantial pre-sales of the next years' films (often involving ancillary rights, including international distribution, home video, and television rights to Cannon's productions) were made based on the strong salesmanship skills of Globus. The deposits made from these sales financed production of the first film in the production line-up, which—when completed and delivered to theatre owners around the world—generated enough money to make the next film in the line-up. {{ill|Slavenburg's Bank|nl}} in the Netherlands (which had provided Cannon's start-up capital in 1979) and their principal loan officer, Frans Afman, provided bridge financing until the pre-sales amounts were collected; this role was inherited by Credit Lyonnais after their purchase of Slavenburg's in 1983.{{cite book |title=Veni, Vidi, Video: The Hollywood Empire and the VCR |first=Frederick |last=Wasser |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780292773943 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cpEQAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA122 |pages=122–3}}
In 1982, The Cannon Group, Inc. entered into a relationship with MGM/UA Entertainment Co. with the latter company serving as Cannon's distributor for North American theatrical and video releases; this would not be the last time Cannon dealt with MGM.{{Cite news|date=1983-04-13|title=Cannon Nears Deal with MGM-UA For Domestic Payoff|page=3|work=Variety}}{{Cite news|date=1983-04-06|title=Cannon Hands Pics to MGM/UA for Domestic Homevid|page=3|work=Variety}} In 1984, Cannon expanded further into Europe, signing with UGC for French distribution, and acquiring Kenneth Rive's Gala Films, which was absorbed into Cannon Group's U.K. distribution arm.{{Cite news|last=Watkins|first=Roger|date=1984-05-16|title=Cannon Firms Five-Year Pact With France's UGC for Video, Theatricals; Mull German Link|page=5|work=Variety}}{{Cite news|date=1984-05-23|title=Cannon To Absorb Rive's Gala Films|pages=5, 45|work=Variety}} On June 25, 1985, Cannon bought the rights to produce future films based on the comic book character Superman from the Salkinds, and struck a distribution assignment with Warner Bros. (owners of the Superman property) for a 1987 release.{{Cite news|date=1985-06-26|title=Cannon buys rights to produce future 'Superman' movies|page=7|work=Variety}} Cannon also further expanded their French assets, with the aim of becoming the largest film distributor in France.{{Cite news|date=1985-10-30|title=Cannon France Sets Mid-November Bow With High Ambitions|page=5|work=Variety}}
By 1986, output reached an apex with 43 films in one year. Golan remained chairman of the board, while Globus served as president. That year, Cannon attempted to produce film adaptations of the stage plays Zorba and American Buffalo, but these films never materialized.{{Cite news|date=1986-03-19|title=Cannon To Produce 'Zorba', 'Buffalo'|page=4|work=Variety}} Another film project that ultimately never materialized was a live-action film based on Barbie, with a planned plotline concerning the eponymous doll showing her owner that her dreams could come true. Warner Bros. would eventually release a live-action film based on the property in 2023.{{Cite web |last=Broeske |first=Pat H. |date=1986-05-25 |title=MORE BLASTS FROM CANNON |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-05-25-ca-6926-story.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} Other areas of interest included plans for television adaptation of Cannon properties,{{Cite news|date=1986-04-23|title=Cannon Lays Foundation For Big Push Into TV Production; Hour Series; Lotsa Development|page=43|work=Variety}} and following up their adaptation of Rumpelstiltskin with a total of 12 fairy tale films as the Cannon Movie Tales series; Cannon wound up releasing only a few of the fairy tales.{{Cite news|last=Fainaru|first=Edina|date=1986-04-09|title=Cannon To Follow 'Rumpelstiltskin' With 11 More Tales|page=4|work=Variety}}
Film critic Roger Ebert said of Golan-Globus in 1987, "no other production organization in the world today—certainly not any of the seven Hollywood 'majors'—has taken more chances with serious, marginal films than Cannon."{{cite book
| title = Two Weeks in the Midday Sun: a Cannes notebook
| last = Ebert
| first = Roger
| publisher = Andrews and McMeel
| location = Kansas City, Mo.
| year = 1987
| isbn = 978-0-8362-7942-9
| oclc = 16679215
| page = [https://archive.org/details/twoweeksinmidday0000eber/page/109 109]
| url = https://archive.org/details/twoweeksinmidday0000eber/page/109
}}
That year, Cannon gained its greatest artistic success: its 1986 Dutch production The Assault won the 1987 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and a Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Meanwhile, Otello, based on the opera of the same name, also received a Golden Globe nomination that year.
Golan and Cannon Films tended to over-promote films that did not live up to expectations. For instance, Lifeforce (1985) was to be "the cinematic sci-fi event of the '80s" and Masters of the Universe (1987) was dubbed "the Star Wars of the '80s." Diversifying from film production, Cannon had begun purchasing film distributors and movie theaters. The purchases ranged from European companies (Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment, Tuschinski Theatres, a 49-screen theater chain in the Netherlands, and the 53-screen Cannon Cinema Italia) to the sixth-largest chain in the United States, the 425-screen "marginally profitable" Commonwealth Theaters.
In addition, Cannon also owned the film rights to Spider-Man, and planned to produce a Spider-Man film in the mid-1980s.{{cite news | first=Ronald |last=Grover | url=https://www.bloomberg.com/businessweek/bwdaily/dnflash/apr2002/nf20020415_7441.htm | title=Unraveling Spider-Man's Tangled Web | publisher=Business Week | date=2002-04-15| access-date=2010-08-08}} Golan and Globus agreed to pay Marvel Comics $225,000 over the five-year option period, plus a percentage of the film's revenues. The rights would revert to Marvel if a film was not made by April 1990.{{cite news | first=Janet | last=Shprintz | url=https://www.variety.com/index.asp?layout=print_story&articleid=VR1117479641&categoryid=13 | title=Spider-Man's legal web may finally be unraveled | publisher=Variety | date=1998-08-19 | access-date=2010-08-09}} Marvel and Sony would eventually complete and release a Spider-Man film in 2002 directed by Sam Raimi after the rights had been re-secured, following a lengthy and messy legal battle between Marvel, Sony and several other parties over the film rights.{{Cite web |last=Hiltzik |first=Michael a |date=1999-03-02 |title=Studio Rights to Spider-Man Are Untangled |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-mar-02-fi-13115-story.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Anne |date=2002-08-19 |title=A league of her own |url=https://variety.com/2002/scene/markets-festivals/a-league-of-her-own-1117871343/ |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last=Hiltzik |first=Michael a |date=2002-03-24 |title=Untangling the Web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-mar-24-tm-34460-story.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}
Cannon's films proved to be much more popular in the United Kingdom than in its native United States, which is why Cannon acquired several British cinema chains during the 1980s, and founded the mail-order video distribution service Videolog as a joint venture with Columbia House Europe, Ltd. in the mid-1980s. From the mid-1980s until the mid-1990s, Cannon Cinemas were a familiar sight in the United Kingdom until Richard Branson's Virgin Group bought the remaining sites and rebranded them as Virgin Cinemas in 1995. Cannon purchased the assets of Thorn EMI Screen Entertainment from businessman Alan Bond in April 1986 for £175 million;{{Cite web |title=Vertical integration |url=https://www.terramedia.co.uk/media/film/vertical_integration.htm |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=www.terramedia.co.uk}} the renamed Cannon Screen Entertainment and archrival The Rank Organization jointly signed a $10 million agreement with the BBC that August for the latter to broadcast both companies' films.{{Cite news |date=1986-08-20 |title=The Beeb Buys Rights To Cannon, Rank Pics |page=53 |work=Variety}}
1987–1991: Parretti era
By 1988, a cooling in the film market and a series of box office disappointments—including the multimillion-dollar production of Superman IV: The Quest for Peace (1987), whose original $36-million budget was slashed to $17 million—had once again put Cannon in financial woes. Concerns about Cannon's financial future had been expressed as early as 1986; one unidentified film executive called the company a "house of cards", with Golan and Globus -- between their splashy wheeling and dealing, reports of "penny-pinching" by the duo in terms of business expenses, and numerous lawsuits incurred by the company (including one filed by David Begelman over Cannon's buyout of the Thorn EMI assets; Thorn EMI had been a financing partner of Begelman's Gladden Entertainment) -- attaining an unwelcome reputation in the Hollywood community.{{Cite web |last=Delugach |first=Al |date=1986-08-24 |title=Cannon Bid as Major Studio Is Cliffhanger : Firm's Future at Risk in High-Stakes Gamble |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-08-24-fi-17584-story.html |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}} Dustin Hoffman also filed suit against Cannon, after the company purportedly breached a contract signed with the actor by taking out full-page advertisements to promote Hoffman's involvement with Cannon.{{Cite web |last=Friendly |first=David T. |date=1986-03-28 |title=HOFFMAN REPORTEDLY ENDS PACT WITH CANNON |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-03-28-ca-896-story.html |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}
The company signed a $75 million agreement with Warner Bros. to handle part of their assets;{{Cite news |last=Fabrikant |first=Geraldine |date=1987-01-26 |title=CANNON LOSES SOME LUSTER |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/01/26/business/cannon-loses-some-luster.html |access-date=2025-01-23 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}} however, the financial loss was staggering. Following the purchase of the Thorn EMI assets, Cannon was severely stretched, and faced bankruptcy; in May 1987, Cannon sold its 2,000-title Thorn-EMI library for $85 million to Weintraub Entertainment Group.{{cite news |last=Knoedelseder |first=William K. Jr. |date=August 7, 1987 |title=Cannon Group Loses $9.9 Million in Quarter |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-08-07-fi-1232-story.html |access-date=2 July 2012}}{{cite news |last=Cieply |first=Michael |date=January 11, 1989 |title=Weintraub's Worries : Box-Office Flops Add to Woes of Flashy 'Mini-Major' |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-01-11-ca-194-story.html |access-date=2 July 2012}} Shortly afterwards, Cannon dropped out of the HBO/Cannon Video joint venture with HBO due to Cannon's ongoing financial problems.{{Cite news |date=1987-04-07 |title=COMPANY NEWS; Cannon Will Sell Home Video Stake |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/07/business/company-news-cannon-will-sell-home-video-stake.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=L. A. Times |date=1987-04-07 |title=HBO said it is buying out HBO/Cannon Video. |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-04-07-fi-256-story.html |access-date=2023-09-13 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission began an investigation into Cannon's financial reports, suspecting that Cannon had fraudulently misstated them. On the verge of failure, Cannon Films was taken over by Pathé Communications, a holding company controlled by Italian financier Giancarlo Parretti. Financed by the French bank Crédit Lyonnais, already involved with Cannon for years, Pathé Communications' takeover of Cannon immediately began a corporate restructuring and refinancing of $250 million to pay off Cannon's debt. By 1989, Golan, citing differences with both Parretti and Globus, resigned from his position and left Cannon to start 21st Century Film Corporation, while Globus remained with Pathé.{{Cite news |last=Fabrikant |first=Geraldine |date=1989-03-01 |title=THE MEDIA BUSINESS; Golan Quits Cannon Group To Form His Own Company |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/01/business/the-media-business-golan-quits-cannon-group-to-form-his-own-company.html |access-date=2025-01-23 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}
One of the final films produced by Golan and Globus that received a wide release under the Cannon Films banner was the post-apocalyptic action film Cyborg. This film was conceived to use both the sets and costumes built for a planned but unmade sequel to Masters of the Universe as well as the ill-fated live-action version of Spider-Man. Both projects were planned to shoot simultaneously under the direction of Albert Pyun. Not to let that pre-production work go to waste, Pyun wrote Cyborg, with Chuck Norris in mind, suggesting it to Cannon Films. Jean-Claude Van Damme was cast in the lead role.
Following Golan's departure from Cannon, he became the head of 21st Century Film Corporation, an independent company. The Cannon Group was renamed and restructured by Parretti with Globus being made co-president of Pathé Communications and chairman of Cannon International and Alan Ladd Jr. was brought in as chairman of Pathé Entertainment.{{cite news| url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2859062241/C5B01C1A81284624PQ|title=Pathe Communications names Ladd co-chairman /director| newspaper= Hollywood Reporter| location= Los Angeles| date= June 2, 1989| access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} In 1989, Pathé greenlit three films, The Russia House with Sean Connery and Michelle Pfeiffer, Quigley Down Under starring Tom Selleck and Fires Within with Jimmy Smits. They also announced Shattered directed by Wolfgang Petersen, Not Without My Daughter with Sally Field, Company Business starring Gene Hackman and Mikhail Baryshnikov as well as Ridley Scott's Thelma & Louise.{{cite news|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286085382/ABFD597604204488PQ| title= BUSY SLATE FOR PATHÉ, CANNON AFTER PARRETTI PURCHASE| newspaper =Variety| location= Los Angeles| date= Feb 21, 1990| access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} They signed a domestic distribution deal with Warner Bros. for its theatrical product.{{cite news| url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2835079371/C5B01C1A81284624PQ| title= WB to distribute Pathe Ent. films| newspaper =Hollywood Reporter| location= Los Angeles| date= May 16, 1989| access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Soon after announcing a new slate of films and the distribution deal with Warner Bros., Parretti made a $1.2 billion bid for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, backed by Crédit Lyonnais. The bid was accepted and Parretti merged Pathé Communications and MGM to create MGM-Pathé Communications.{{cite news| url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2610448926/C5B01C1A81284624PQ| title= Pathe reportedly closes deal to buy MGM/UA for $1 bil| newspaper =Hollywood Reporter| location= Los Angeles| date= Mar 7, 1990| access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} With the merger, the majority of the former Cannon Group library became part of the MGM library (certain rights for other media and select films during the Thorn EMI merger now lie with other entities). As MGM-Pathé had a distribution deal with Warner Bros. (and who had part financed Parretti's takeover bid), Parretti axed the MGM/UA Home Video department as one of his first acts in charge, resulting in the loss of eighty jobs.{{cite news| url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1505951439/ABFD597604204488PQ| title= MGM/UA Vid Staff Cuts Seen After Sale| newspaper =Billboard| location= Los Angeles| date= Nov 17, 1990| access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Crédit Lyonnais foreclosed on Parretti in July 1991 after he defaulted on loan payments{{cite news|title= Financing Details Add Bizarre Twist to MGM Saga|newspaper= Los Angeles Times| location = Los Angeles| last1 = Citron| first1 = Alan| last2 = Cieply| first2 = Michael|date=1991-04-24|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-24-fi-564-story.html |access-date=2010-09-25}} and sued for the removal of Paretti, his wife Maria Cecconi, his daughter Valentina Parretti, Yoram Globus, Florio Fiorini, Danny Dimbort, Antonio Pares-Neira and Lewis Horowitz from the board of directors.{{cite news|title= Credit Lyonnais slaps 24-charge suit on Parretti, Pathe directors|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Brennan|first= Judy|date= July 15, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401368121/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Parretti -- pushed out of management control of MGM-Pathé and the board -- proceeded to countersue Crédit Lyonnais, claiming they destroyed his ability to make money at MGM-Pathé, in an attempt to wrestle control back.{{cite news|title= Parretti: bank foiled my deals - royally|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Brennan|first= Judy|date= Oct 7, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286093940/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Parretti was later convicted of perjury and evidence tampering in a Delaware court for statements he made in a 1991 civil case, brought by Credit Lyonnais to validate their removal of Parretti, to the effect that a document he claimed allowed him to retain control of MGM was authentic;{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/03/business/former-mgm-owner-convicted-of-perjury.html?ref=giancarlo_parretti| title = Former MGM Owner Convicted of Perjury| at = Business Day| newspaper =The New York Times| location = New York| date = 1996-10-03| access-date = 2010-11-12}} he fled the country for Italy before he could be sentenced or extradited to France, where he was wanted on criminal charges related to his use of MGM's French assets.{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/11/business/parretti-ordered-to-pay-credit-lyonnais.html?ref=giancarlo_parretti| title = Parretti Ordered to Pay Credit Lyonnais| last = Fabrikant| first = Geraldine| date = 1997-06-11| newspaper = The New York Times| location = New York| access-date = 2010-11-12}}{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/04/business/former-mgm-executive-flees-before-court-date.html?ref=giancarlo_parretti| title = Former MGM Executive Flees Before Court Date| at = Business Day
| newspaper = The New York Times| location = New York| date = 1997-01-04| access-date = 2010-11-12}}
In 1997, the California Superior Court in Los Angeles entered a final judgement in a separate civil suit against Parretti, ordering him to pay $1.48 billion to Credit Lyonnais. After Federal prosecutors unsealed an indictment against Parretti and Florio Fiorini accusing them of fraud in 1999, Italian authorities arrested both men and held them for extradition to the United States.{{cite news| url = https://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/13/business/bank-has-paid-4-million-to-settle-case-over-mgm.html?ref=giancarlo_parretti| title = Bank Has Paid $4 Million To Settle Case Over MGM| last = Pollack| first = Andrew| newspaper = The New York Times| date = 1999-10-13| location = New York| access-date = 2010-11-12}} Parretti was released by the court of appeal in Perugia shortly thereafter, ordered to remain in his home town of Orvieto and report to the police three times a week, even though authorities in Rome had requested he be held pending a decision on the extradition.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}
1989–1997: Cannon Pictures, Inc. era
Even as the original Cannon became part of Pathé and subsequently MGM, Parretti opted to reform Cannon in 1989 as his low-budget filmmaking arm (now known as Cannon Pictures, Inc.), led by veteran Italian film producer Ovidio G. Assonitis.{{cite news|title= Pathe spins off film rights, distrib'n to new Cannon unit|newspaper= The Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Delpit|first= Ron |date= Aug 30, 1989|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2826317998/ABFD597604204488PQ |access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
The new Cannon announced their presence at that year's MIFED international film market in Milan, with an impressive line-up of multiple new productions and releases, including some with Cannon standbys like Chuck Norris (Fifty/Fifty, Delta Force 2: The Colombian Connection and TOP KICK) and Michael Dudikoff (WINGS, Midnight Ride and American Ninja 4), JAM to be directed by Joel Silberg, Dusted (later released as Death Warrant with Jean-Claude Van Damme), Keaton's Cop with Lee Majors, an untitled film starring Charles Bronson, Crack House with Richard Roundtree and Jim Brown, Rockula, The Rose Garden with Maximilian Schell and Liv Ullmann, The Secret of the Ice Cave with Michael Moriarty and Sally Kellerman and A Man Called Sarge.{{cite news|title= Cannon Pictures at MIFED|newspaper= Screen International|location= London|last= |first= |date= Oct 21, 1989|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1040667670/ABFD597604204488PQ |access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} The new slate of pictures was expected to cost $50 million.{{cite news|title= New Players Back Parretti|newspaper= Screen International|location= London|last= |first= |date= Oct 28, 1989|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/963240249/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} The company managed to post a small operating profit before the end of the year.{{cite news|title= New Players Back Parretti|newspaper= Screen International|location= London|last= Marich|first= Robert|date= Dec 26, 1989|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2610472956/ABFD597604204488PQ |access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} JAM was rebranded as Lambada to cash in on the craze and was released in 1990.{{cite news|title= Cousins lead the attacks in Lambada film battle|newspaper= The Globe and Mail|location= Toronto| last= Deans|first= Laurie|date= Mar 16, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1151329672/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
However, the troubles of parent Pathé soon began to affect the re-established Cannon. After the MGM-Pathé merger, Parretti agreed to sell Pathé's 60% majority stake in Cannon Pictures to Assonitis and a group of investors for $14 million. The sale would include the office building at 8200 Wiltshire Blvd, where Cannon Pictures was based.{{cite news|title= Pathe to sell stake in Cannon Pictures|newspaper= The Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Marich|first= Robert|date= May 16, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2732577532/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}{{cite news|title= Pathe Will Sell 60% of Cannon to Dutch Firm|newspaper= LA Times|location= Los Angeles| last= Citron|first= Alan|date= May 16, 1990|url= https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-05-16-fi-226-story.html|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Parretti tried to push the deal through quickly to release some capital for MGM-Pathé;{{cite news|title= Pathe raises 5.6-million via sale of Cannon Pictures stock|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Noglows|first= Paul|date= May 16, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401364720/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} however, the deal fell through less than two months later due to financing problems, and MGM-Pathé was granted an easement on financial conditions that were placed upon it by its lenders as part of the MGM buyout.{{cite news|title= MGM/UA buy postponed again; Pathe terms eased|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Marich|first= Robert|date= June 8, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2732574762/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
At the same board meeting, Assonitis and Cannon Pictures vice-chairman William J. Immerman were fired and replaced by Danny Dimbort. Cannon's marketing and casting operations were shut down by Pathé.{{cite news|title= Cannon Pictures Tender Offer Terminated|newspaper= Business Wire|location= New York|last= Spelling|first= Dan|date= July 10, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/447077540/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date=Feb 26, 2024}}{{cite news|title= Pathe sale of stake in Cannon Collapses|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Sabatini|first= Vicki|date= July 10, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2732579440/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} All of Cannon Pictures' marketing was placed under Pathé's existing operations.{{cite news|title= MGM-UA, Pathe Meld Marketing|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Brennan|first= Judy|date= July 11, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401365626/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Former Cannon Group production head Christopher Pearce was named as Assonitis' replacement and in November 1990, he bought Pathé's stake in Cannon Pictures for $14 million with a deal which allowed Pathé to distribute Lambada, Midnight Ride and American Ninja 4.{{cite news|title= Cannon Buyout|newspaper= The Film Journal|location= New York|last= |first= |date= Nov 1, 1990|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401456945/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Under Pearce, Cannon Pictures announced it would keep contracts with players Charles Bronson, Chuck Norris and Michael Dudikoff signed under Golan's management and revealed a slate of films for 1991, Fifty/Fifty (now starring Peter Weller and Robert Hays), No Place to Hide with Kris Kristofferson and Drew Barrymore, The Hitman (with Norris), as well as The Human Shield and Rescue Me (both with Dudikoff).{{cite news|title= Former Cannon Exec revives banner with 11-picture sked|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Hollinger|first = Hy|date= Feb 4, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286143867/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Richard Inouye joined the company in February 1991 as vice-president and CFO.{{cite news|title= Executive Shuffle|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= Feb 11, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286068318/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} American Ninja V and the unmade Ants of God were added to the slate at the AFM in 1991 and Warner Home Video signed an agreement to distribute Cannon Pictures' output in North America, UK, Japan, Italy and Australia for ten years.{{cite news|title= Warner Closes Cannon vid deal|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= Mar 11, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286162445/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Cannon Pictures greatly expanded its slate in time for the Cannes Film Festival in 1991 with a total of 18 films, in addition to those already announced, American Kickboxer 1, Black Cat Run with Dudikoff, The Borrower, Deep End and Dream Lover from Boaz Davidson, Delta Force 3: The Killing Game, Ninja: The American Samurai, Solemn Oath and Terminal Bliss had all been added to Cannon's production slate.{{cite news|title= Cannon Pictures at Cannes|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= May 3, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2600956038/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
When Crédit Lyonnais foreclosed on Parretti in July 1991, the sale of Cannon Pictures was questioned by the bank because Pearce was a board member of MGM-Pathé at the time of the sale and the disclosure of interest of Pearce was not stated in documentation. Crédit Lyonnais' legal filings against Parretti also named Dimbort, a member of the board of both companies, for receiving $140,000 "for services rendered, although Mr Dimbort did not perform any services to justify payments". Globus was eventually dismissed from the Crédit Lyonnais suits and set up a foreign sales company, Melrose Entertainment, which handled much of Cannon Pictures' sales, alongside that of Global Pictures, another company run by Pearce.{{cite news|title= Globus Redux|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= Hollinger|first= Hy|date=Oct 7, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286093940/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} In the wake of the Crédit Lyonnais foreclosure on MGM-Pathé, Pearce stepped down as president of Global Pictures, being replaced by Avi Lerner.{{cite news|title= Global Restructuring|newspaper= Variety|location = Los Angeles|last = |first = |date= Oct 28, 1991|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401374338/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
In early 1992, there was a middle-management reshuffle at Cannon Pictures with an aim to maximize revenue from Cannon's releases. The Hitman proved to be an early success for the new team.{{cite news|title= Cannon shoots for b.b. bucks with six films|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last = |first = |date= Feb 18, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362080122/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} That March, Cannon sued Vision International and its chairman Mark Damon for $15 million over Chuck Norris' involvement in the film, Sidekicks. Cannon Pictures had retained Norris under an "exclusive services" contract that was made in the 1980s by Golan. Cannon Pictures loaned Norris to the makers of Sidekicks for a cameo role under the agreement that he would not appear in more than 30% of the movie; Cannon subsequently objected to Norris receiving "above the title billing" for the film.{{cite news|title= Cannon files $15 million 'Sidekicks' suit|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Daniels|first= Jeffrey|date= Mar 5, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2339699239/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
At the Cannes Film Festival in 1992, Pearce and Yoram Globus announced they were merging Globus' privately held Melrose Entertainment, Pearce's privately owned Global Pictures and the publicly traded Cannon Pictures into one single entity called the Cannon Entertainment Group. The merger was announced alongside a slate of pictures including Chicago Loop with James Spader, Cold to the Touch with Norris, Teen Angel from Boaz Davidson, Ivory to be directed by Aaron Norris, Delta Force IV: The Deadly Dozen directed by Brian Hutton and White Sun with Dudikoff,{{cite news|title= Cannes '92 Market Guide|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= May 4, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/pageimage/2469194165/Record/231DD199D99A4BD4PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} as well as a new TV show called Sam Bolt: Texas Ranger, which would later become Walker, Texas Ranger.{{cite news|title= Globus, Pearce joining forces to reignite Cannon: CEG aiming for 15 action films per year|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Marich|first= Robert|date= May 14, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2339636114/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Shortly afterwards, they announced that Joe Lara had been signed to an exclusive 10-picture deal with the new company. Lara was then in production on American Cyborg: Steel Warrior which would not be included in the overall deal; however, no films were ultimately made from this deal.{{cite news|title= Actor Lara in 10-film Cannon deal|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Honeycutt|first= Kirk |date= Jul 14, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362086105/AAC7514219264CD7PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} By mid-1992, the merger was cancelled after the backers were unable to come to an arrangement with Crédit Lyonnais.{{cite news|title= Finance: CANNON BACK IN THE FRAY|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Rothman|first= Matt|date= Jan 11, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401383748/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Cannon continued with development of Walker, Texas Ranger after CBS picked the series up for 13 episodes.{{cite news|title= Norris home on the range for CBS adventure series|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= de Moraes|first= Lisa|date= Sep 2, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362086105/AAC7514219264CD7PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} Cash flow problems began to have a serious impact on the company. In October 1992, James Spader sued Cannon Pictures over his $1 million fee for his Chicago Loop pay-or-play deal;{{cite news|title= Spader sues Cannon Pics|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= Oct 9, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362014464/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} and a suit from Michael Dudikoff followed in December, stating he had not been paid from the four films he had made for Cannon.{{cite news|title= Legal Briefs|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Akers|first= Gary|date= Dec 4, 1992|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362014464/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
Cannon Pictures posted a net profit of $1.3 million for the nine months ending September 1992 and secured a new $15 million line of credit from the ING Bank in Amsterdam after Crédit Lyonnais refused to lend more until their loans were fully repaid (said loans weren't due for another four years).{{cite news|title= Cannon gets $15 mil loan from ING-led group|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= Marich| first= Robert|date= Jan 5, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362024737/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
In February 1993, Cannon ran out of money to continue production of Walker, Texas Ranger, due to the indictments of funding partner Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, then embroiled in a scandal over unauthorized loans to Iraq, and producers were desperately trying to raise more money to complete the miniseries.{{cite news|title= Norris says 'Walker' has five funding suitors: Blames shutdown of show on Italian scandals|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| last =Galloway| first =Stephen|date=Apr 16, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362081374/AADE245F1CAF47F5PQ|access-date=Feb 26, 2024}} CBS Productions later stepped in with additional funds to complete the production.{{cite news|title= LOG BOOK: 'Bob' moves to midseason|newspaper= Variety| location = Los Angeles| last =Lowry| first =Brian |date=Jun 7, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1401385901/8DFE16ED86AF4431PQ|access-date=Feb 26, 2024}} In August 1993, Cannon reported a net profit of $1 million for its second quarter, double the same period the previous year, due to the success of Walker, Texas Ranger.{{cite news|title= 'Walker' income boosts Cannon quarterly profit|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| last =Marich| first =Robert |date=Aug 31, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362113900/8DFE16ED86AF4431PQ|access-date=Feb 26, 2024}} Cannon Pictures was sued for $14 million in December 1993 by Pictor Insurance Co. and the Peter Miller Corp. for breach of contract over Cannon pulling out of a financing agreement with the two companies.{{cite news|title= Financiers sue Cannon for $14 million|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| last =| first =|date=Dec 22, 1993|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362004758/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date=Feb 26, 2024}}
With this additional pressure, Pearce began exploring selling his stock in Cannon Pictures, but this resulted in another lawsuit being filed against the company and two investment bankers, Robert Blake and Runa Alam, by the Independent Artists Picture Corp. The lawsuit claimed interference and breach of contract in connection with IAPC's plans to buy Cannon Pictures stock in a takeover bid, which would have seen Blake purchase Pearce's stock and Blake and Alam taking control of the day-to-day operations of the company.{{cite news|title= Legal Briefs|newspaper= Hollywood Reporter|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= Jan 14, 1994|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362018449/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}} During this time, Pearce was also exploring a sale to Panda Pictures, but this deal collapsed in yet another lawsuit with Panda claiming $20 million in damages from Cannon Pictures after Pearce reportedly lied about the company's financial condition.{{cite news|title= Panda fires off suit against Cannon|newspaper= Variety|location= Los Angeles|last= |first= |date= Mar 21, 1994|url= https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286099898/ABFD597604204488PQ|access-date= Feb 26, 2024}}
In 1994, Cannon Pictures released its last film, Hellbound, in select theatres in Los Angeles. Shortly afterwards, Pearce sold controlling interest in Cannon Pictures to VMI Acquisitions Inc.{{cite news| url = https://variety.com/1994/film/news/vmi-acquires-cannon-stake-120152/ | title = VMI acquires Cannon stake
| newspaper = Variety| location = Los Angeles| date = 1994-04-14| access-date = 2023-02-12}} The new owners settled some debts at the company, but shortly after the takeover, a group of creditors, including Charles Bronson and Everyvision Inc. sued Cannon Pictures to force it into bankruptcy.{{cite news| url = https://variety.com/1994/film/news/cannon-creditors-petition-for-company-s-liquidation-120360/ | title = Cannon creditors petition for company's liquidation | newspaper = Variety| location = Los Angeles| date = 1994-04-21| access-date = 2023-02-12}}{{cite news| url = https://variety.com/1994/film/news/creditors-seek-cannon-trustee-120460/ | title = Creditors seek Cannon trustee | newspaper = Variety| location = Los Angeles| date = 1994-04-25| access-date = 2023-02-12}} The creditors succeeded in pushing the company into Chapter 11 bankruptcy.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362013157/ABFD597604204488PQ| title = Creditors give Cannon easier bankruptcy path | newspaper = Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| date =May 10, 1994| access-date = 2023-02-12}} Soon afterwards, it was discovered Christopher Pearce was selling disputed Cannon titles, including Twin Sitters, Delta Force 3, American Samurai, Street Knight, Tobe Hooper's Night Terrors and American Cyborg: Steel Warrior at the Tokyo Film Festival. A judge blocked all sales made at Tokyo and blocked any further sales that were due to take place at MIFED 1994.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/2362032328/ABFD597604204488PQ | title = Bankruptcy judge pulls plug on Cannon film sales | newspaper = Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| date =Oct 19, 1994| access-date = 2023-02-12}} To prevent any fraudulent deals at MIFED, a warning appeared in Screen International and other publications stating all business must be done with the court appointed trustee and not with Pearce.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/963090726/ABFD597604204488PQ| title = Cannon Pictures Inc | newspaper = Screen International| location = London| date =Oct 28, 1994| access-date = 2023-02-12}}
The United States bankruptcy court set a deadline of January 11, 1995 for creditors of Cannon Pictures to submit their claim and evidence of debt.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/1286158105/ABFD597604204488PQ| title =UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT CENTRAL DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA | newspaper = Variety| location = Los Angeles| date =Dec 12, 1994| access-date = 2023-02-12}} Cannon Pictures, its library of 135 films, as well as 112 films from the company's previous incarnation, 21st Century Film Distribution, officially went up for sale on August 14, 1997{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/2469289426/ABFD597604204488PQ| title =CANNON PICTURES, INC. | newspaper = Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| date =Aug 14, 1997| access-date = 2023-02-12}} with the auction taking place on September 15.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/2469271077/ABFD597604204488PQ| title =Cannon Pictures library gets loaded for auction | newspaper = Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| date =Sep 4, 1997| access-date = 2023-02-12}} The property was sold to Imperial Entertainment.{{cite news| url = https://www.proquest.com/docview/2469236306/ABFD597604204488PQ| title =Imperial loads Cannon library | newspaper = Hollywood Reporter| location = Los Angeles| date =Sep 19, 1997| access-date = 2023-02-12}}
In February 1998, a judge ruled that Ovidio G. Assonitis had been wrongfully terminated from the company by Parretti and Pathé. The judge awarded Assonitis $2.9 million in damages, but by this time, Pathé was bankrupt and had been foreclosed on by Credit Lyonnais.{{cite news| url = https://variety.com/1998/biz/news/pathe-breached-contract-with-assonitis-judge-rules-1117467541/ | title = Pathe breached contract with Assonitis, judge rules | newspaper = Variety| location = Los Angeles| date= Feb 8, 1998| access-date = 2023-02-12}}
2001–2002: New Cannon, Inc. era
Despite the protracted death of company in its original and reincarnated forms, Golan returned to the filmmaking business in 2001 with New Cannon, Inc. Golan hired Evgeny Afineevsky to act as the company's president. Afineevsky would be based in Los Angeles, while Golan would be based in Tel Aviv.{{cite news|title=Afineevsky to head New Cannon |newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter |location=Los Angeles |last=Gardner |first=Chris |date=Aug 17, 2001 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2467896372/197CC8C4AF9847CFPQ |access-date=Feb 27, 2024}} Crime and Punishment, which was originally shot in 1993 under Golan's 21st Century Film Corporation but was not released before 21st Century's bankruptcy, was their first offering alongside a slate of new films including Death Game, a remake of Fritz Lang's M, Kumite (later made as Final Combat but never released) and Open Heart (released in 2002 as Return from India).
By the 2002 Cannes Film Festival, New Cannon had completed Death Game and Return from India and announced a new project, Beauty and the Beast to be directed by Pharaoh Phillips, alongside sales for previously released films Train to Hell and In Search of A Woman, an unreleased title from PM Entertainment.{{cite news|title=Cannes 2002 - Product Listings |newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter |location=Los Angeles |last=Ruscigno |first=Anna |date=May 10, 2002 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/2470958482/197CC8C4AF9847CFPQ |access-date=Feb 27, 2024}} The company was taken over by Vision Films later that year; Afineevsky went on to form New Generation Films to produce Oy Vey! My Son Is Gay!! from a script by Golan.{{cite news|title=Oy Vey! Infinite Entertainment Inks $150-Million in Funding |newspaper=PR Newswire |location=Los Angeles |last= |first= |date=Mar 2, 2005 |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/451522210/1D997C422EB94FDDPQ |access-date=Feb 27, 2024}} He went on to make documentaries, Cries from Syria and Winter on Fire: Ukraine's Fight for Freedom, which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature and the Primetime Emmy Award in the Exceptional Merit in Documentary Filmmaking category.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=smvYwcEBT58 |title="Amy" winning Best Documentary Feature |date=23 March 2016 |author=Oscars}}{{cite web|title=Oscars 2016 Nominations: Complete List of Nominees|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/730249/oscars-2016-nominations-complete-list-of-nominees|work=E! Online|date=14 January 2016|access-date=8 July 2016|last=Johnson|first=Zach}}
Golan continued to produce and direct films after New Cannon, including Children of Wax with Armand Assante and Udo Kier, A Dangerous Dance and Marriage Agreement. In 2013, Golan announced sequels to several films he had produced at Cannon in partnership with MGM (successor-in-interest to the original Cannon), including Allan Quatermain and the Jewel of the East with Richard Chamberlain and Sharon Stone returning to their roles, Return of the Delta Force and American Ninja Apprentice with Michael Dudikoff, David Bradley and Steve James' daughter Debbi, alongside new original projects The Sniper with Mickey Rourke and Bruce Willis and The Golem with Al Pacino and Nastassja Kinski; however, Golan died before any were produced.{{cite interview |last=Golan |first=Menahem |subject-link= |interviewer=Christopher Sykes |title=GOLAN: A Farewell to Mr Cinema (2015) |work=Documentary |date=Nov 14, 2015 |publisher=Christopher Sykes |location=UK |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YN1fTUunc0c |access-date=Feb 27, 2024}}
2014: Rival documentaries
In 2014, there were two documentary films released about Cannon Films. RatPac Entertainment released Electric Boogaloo: The Wild, Untold Story of Cannon Films, a documentary about Cannon Films, written and directed by Mark Hartley, and produced by Brett Ratner.{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Todd|title=AFM 2011: Mark Hartley To Do The ELECTRIC BOOGALOO|url=http://twitchfilm.com/news/2011/11/afm-2011-mark-hartley-to-do-the-electric-boogaloo.php|publisher=Twitch|access-date=2011-11-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120815134934/http://twitchfilm.com/news/2011/11/afm-2011-mark-hartley-to-do-the-electric-boogaloo.php|archive-date=2012-08-15|url-status=dead}} That same year, the Israeli documentary The Go-Go Boys: The Inside Story of Cannon Films was launched at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/go-go-boys-cannes-review-705096|title='The Go-Go Boys': Cannes Review|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=16 May 2014 |access-date=October 20, 2014}} As is noted at the end of Electric Boogaloo, Golan and Globus announced The Go-Go Boys shortly after they were approached to appear in Boogaloo, yet in true Cannon fashion, their movie beat Hartley's to release by 3 months.
2016–present: Rebel Way Entertainment
In 2015, Globus sold "Globus Max" and returned to Hollywood to launch a new film production company, Rebel Way Entertainment. The company seeks to reconnect young and web-crazy audiences with the traditional theatrical experience.{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2016/07/yoram-globus-rebel-way-deported-movie-amanda-cerney-brittany-furlan-redfoo-1201787916/|title=Yoram Globus Returns To Hollywood With Rebel Way, Turning Viral Talent into Movie Stars|first=Mike Jr.|last=Fleming|date=18 July 2016|access-date=19 August 2018}} As of February 2023, their only film is Deported (2020), directed by Tyler Spindel.
Filmography
{{Main|List of The Cannon Group films}}
See also
- MGM Home Entertainment, whose parent company MGM now owns most of Cannon films' library.
- Warner Bros. Home Entertainment, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment (through the joint venture Studio Distribution Services) is also a new distributor under license from MGM Home Entertainment since July 1, 2020, as a result of MGM/Fox home media deal expiring on June 30, in which WB now managed to distributed the entire Cannon films' library (with MGM) in physical home media worldwide.
- Paramount Pictures, the company that owns the television rights to most of the Cannon library.
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- [https://cannonfilms.com/ Cannon Films Appreciation Society]
- {{IMDb name|id=0324875|name=Menahem Golan}}
- {{IMDb name|id=0322946|name=Yoram Globus}}
- [https://thatshelf.com/loose-cannons/ "Loose Cannons Podcast" Hosts Mathew Kumar and Justin Decloux discuss the Cannon Films Library in (mostly) Chronological Order]
- [https://www.podomatic.com/podcasts/radiodanshow/episodes/2007-02-14T17_11_04-08_00 Cannon Films Night on The Radio Dan Show]
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