:University of North Carolina
{{Short description|Public university system in North Carolina}}
{{About|the 17-campus public university system in North Carolina|the university commonly known as the "UNC" or "North Carolina"|University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|UNC Chapel Hill's athletic program|North Carolina Tar Heels}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2023}} {{Use American English|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox university
| image_name = University of North Carolina system seal.png
| image_upright = 0.55
| established = 1789 (Chapel Hill)
1972 (current structure)
| type = Public university system
| president = Peter Hans
| administrative_staff = 30,664 (2008 fall)
| head_label = Governing body
| head = UNC Board of Governors
| students = 244,507 (2021 fall){{cite web |title=Enrollment Measure: Student Count |url=https://myinsight.northcarolina.edu/t/Public/views/db_enroll/EnrollmentbyLevel?iid=1&%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=y&%3Aembed=y |website=UNC Data Dashboard |access-date=17 January 2022}}
| undergrad = 191,517 (2021 fall)
| postgrad = 52,990 (2021 fall)
| city = Chapel Hill
| state = North Carolina
| country = United States
| campus = 17 campuses
| free = University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| website = {{URL|https://northcarolina.edu}}
| logo = File:The University of North Carolina System.png|
| logo_alt = The University of North Carolina System
| logo_size = 275px
}}{{Location map+|North Carolina|places={{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = App State
| position = left
| lat_deg = 36.213843
| lon_deg = -81.678621 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = ECU
| position = right
| lat_deg = 35.602
| lon_deg = -77.368 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = ECSU
| position = left
| lat_deg = 36.28120
| lon_deg = -76.21512 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = FSU
| position = right
| lat_deg = 35.072
| lon_deg = -78.8945 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = NCSU
| position = right
| lat_deg = 35.787222
| lon_deg = -78.670556 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = Asheville
| position = right
| lat_deg = 35.61619
| lon_deg = -82.56614 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = UNC
| position = bottom
| lat_deg = 35.908
| lon_deg = -79.049 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = Charlotte
| position = left
| lat_deg = 35.303556
| lon_deg = -80.732381 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = Pembroke
| position = right
| lat_deg = 34.6876
| lon_deg = -79.202 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = Wilmington
| position = right
| lat_deg = 34.2266
| lon_deg = -77.878047 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle blue blank.svg
| marksize = 12
| label_size = 80
| label = WCU
| position = left
| lat_deg = 35.309722
| lon_deg = -83.183333 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle indigo white letter-d.svg
| marksize = 14
| lat_deg = 35.98
| lon_deg = -78.90 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle indigo white letter-g.svg
| marksize = 14
| lat_deg = 36.07
| lon_deg = -79.81 }}
{{Location map~ | North Carolina
| mark = Eo circle indigo white letter-w.svg
| marksize = 14
| lat_deg = 36.09
| lon_deg = -80.23 }}|width=450|caption=University of North Carolina System locations
{{plainlist|
- File:Eo circle indigo white letter-d.svg Durham – NC Central and NCSSM
- File:Eo circle indigo white letter-g.svg Greensboro – UNC Greensboro and NC A&T
- File:Eo circle indigo white letter-w.svg Winston-Salem – WSSU and UNCSA
}}|float=right}}
The University of North Carolina is the public university system for the state of North Carolina. Overseeing the state's 16 public universities and the NC School of Science and Mathematics, it is commonly referred to as the UNC System to differentiate it from its first campus, UNC-Chapel Hill.
The university system has a total enrollment of 244,507 students as of fall 2021. UNC campuses conferred 62,930 degrees in 2020–2021, the bulk of which were at the bachelor's level, with 44,309 degrees awarded.{{cite web |title=Stats, Data, & Reports |url=https://www.northcarolina.edu/impact/stats-data-reports/ |website=UNC System |access-date=17 January 2022}} In 2008, the UNC System conferred over 75% of all baccalaureate degrees in North Carolina.{{cite web| title = University Facts| publisher = University of North Carolina| date = 2008-01-10| url = http://www.northcarolina.edu/content.php/home/facts.htm| access-date = 2008-03-18| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080213044958/http://www.northcarolina.edu/content.php/home/facts.htm| archive-date = 2008-02-13| url-status = dead}}{{cite web|url=http://www.northcarolina.edu/about/index.htm|title=About UNC|publisher=UNC General Administration|access-date=2011-02-16|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511111536/http://www.northcarolina.edu/about/index.htm|archive-date=2011-05-11}}
History
= Foundations =
Founded in 1789, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (at the time called the University of North Carolina) is one of three schools to claim the title of oldest public university in the United States. It closed from 1871 to 1875, faced with serious financial and enrollment problems during the Reconstruction era. In 1877, the state of North Carolina began sponsoring additional higher education institutions. Over time, the state added a women's college (now known as the University of North Carolina at Greensboro), a land-grant university (North Carolina State University), five historically black institutions (North Carolina A&T State University, North Carolina Central University, Winston-Salem State University, Fayetteville State University, and Elizabeth City State University) and one to educate American Indians (the University of North Carolina at Pembroke). Others were created to prepare teachers for public education and to instruct performing artists.
= Initial Consolidation =
During the Great Depression, the North Carolina General Assembly searched for cost savings within state government. Towards this effort in 1931, it redefined the University of North Carolina, which at the time referred exclusively to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; the new Consolidated University of North Carolina was created to include the existing campuses of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina State College (now North Carolina State University), and the Woman's College (now the University of North Carolina at Greensboro). The three campuses came under the leadership of a single board of trustees and a single president, with "Deans of Administration" serving as day-to-day leaders of the three campuses. In 1945, the title "Dean of Administration" was changed to "Chancellor." By 1969, three additional campuses had joined the Consolidated University through legislative action: the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, the University of North Carolina at Asheville, and the University of North Carolina at Wilmington.
= 1971 to present =
In 1971, North Carolina passed legislation bringing into the University of North Carolina all 16 public institutions that confer bachelor's degrees. This latest round of consolidation gave each constituent school its own chancellor and board of trustees. In 1985, the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, the nation's first public residential high school for gifted students, was declared an affiliated school of the university. In 2007, the high school became a full member of the university.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}
= Presidents =
{{For|presiding professors of the University of North Carolina prior to 1804|Leaders of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill}}
File:Univ north carolina original seal.png
| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |
| | Number
!| Name !| Term |
|---|
| 1
| 1804–1812 |
| 2
| 1812–1816 |
| -
| 1816–1835 |
| *
| 1835 |
| 3
| 1835–1868 |
| 4
| 1869–1872 |
| **
| Charles Phillips | 1875–1876 |
| 5
| 1876–1891 |
| 6
| 1891–1896 |
| 7
| 1896–1900 |
| 8
| 1900–1914 |
| 9
| 1914–1918 |
| *
| Marvin Hendrix Stacy | 1918–1919 |
| 10
| 1919–1930 |
| 11
| 1930–1949 |
| *
| William Donald Carmichael, Jr. | 1949–1950 |
| 12
| 1950–1955 |
| *
| J. Harris Purks | 1955–1956 |
| 13
| 1956–1986 |
| 14
| 1986–1997 |
| 15
| 1997–2006 |
| 16
| 2006–2011 |
| 17
| 2011–2016 |
| *
| Junius J. Gonzales | 2016 |
| 18
| 2016–2019 |
| * |
| 19 |
An asterisk (
Two asterisks (
Legal mandate
File:UNCCNewQuad.jpg. The university expanded significantly in the 1960s and 1970s.]]
The legal authority and mandate for the University of North Carolina is contained in the State's first Constitution (1776),{{cite web|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/nc07.asp|title=Constitution of North Carolina: December 18, 1776|website=avalon.law.yale.edu|date=18 December 1998 |access-date=December 21, 2019}} which provided in Article XLI
That a school or schools shall be established by the Legislature, for the convenient instruction of youth, ... and all useful learning shall be duly encouraged, and promoted, in one or more universities,
The state legislature granted a charter and funding for the university in 1789.{{cite web|url=http://www.unc.edu/about/|title=About the University|publisher=University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|website=unc.edu|access-date=December 21, 2019}}
Article IX of the 1971 North Carolina Constitution deals with all forms of public education in the state. Sections 8 and 9 of that article address higher education.{{cite web| title = Article IX| work = North Carolina Constitution| publisher = North Carolina General Assembly| year = 2006| url = http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/Legislation/constitution/article9.html| access-date = 2008-06-09| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080901204859/http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/Legislation/constitution/article9.html| archive-date = 2008-09-01| url-status = dead}}
- Sec. 8. Higher education.
The General Assembly shall maintain a public system of higher education, comprising The University of North Carolina and such other institutions of higher education as the General Assembly may deem wise. The General Assembly shall provide for the selection of trustees of The University of North Carolina and of the other institutions of higher education, in whom shall be vested all the privileges, rights, franchises, and endowments heretofore granted to or conferred upon the trustees of these institutions. The General Assembly may enact laws necessary and expedient for the maintenance and management of The University of North Carolina and the other public institutions of higher education.
- Sec. 9. Benefits of public institutions of higher education.
The General Assembly shall provide that the benefits of The University of North Carolina and other public institutions of higher education, as far as practicable, be extended to the people of the State free of expense.
Statutory provisions stipulate the current function and cost to students of the University of North Carolina.{{cite web| title = Chapter 116 – Higher Education| work = North Carolina General Statutes | publisher = North Carolina General Assembly| year = 2006 | url = http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/enactedlegislation/statutes/html/bychapter/chapter_116.html | access-date = 2008-03-29}}
Institutions
Within its seventeen campuses, UNC houses two medical schools and one teaching hospital, ten nursing programs, two schools of dentistry, one veterinary school and hospital, and a school of pharmacy, as well as a two law schools, 15 schools of education, three schools of engineering, and a school for performing artists. The oldest university, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, first admitted students in 1795. The smallest and newest member is the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, a residential two-year high school, founded in 1980 and a full member of the university since 2007. The largest university is North Carolina State University, with 37,323 students as of fall 2023.
While the official names of each campus are determined by the North Carolina General Assembly, abbreviations are determined by the individual school.{{cite news|url=http://media.www.dailytarheel.com/media/storage/paper885/news/2002/01/08/UndefinedSection/Unc-Leaders.Want.Abbreviation.Change-1346331.shtml|archive-url=https://archive.today/20081204112837/http://media.www.dailytarheel.com/media/storage/paper885/news/2002/01/08/UndefinedSection/Unc-Leaders.Want.Abbreviation.Change-1346331.shtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-12-04|title=UNC Leaders Want Abbreviation Change|last=Wootson|first=Cleve R. Jr.|date=2002-01-08|newspaper=The Daily Tar Heel|access-date=2008-06-19}}
=Notes=
The enrollment numbers are the official headcounts (including all full-time and part-time, undergrad and postgrad students) from University of North Carolina website.{{cite web|url=https://www.northcarolina.edu/web/facts.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527154058/https://www.northcarolina.edu/web/facts.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=2010-05-27|title=University of North Carolina Facts}} This does not include the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics; the figure for NCSSM is taken from its own website.{{cite web|url=http://www.ncssm.edu/about-ncssm/facts.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919063321/http://www.ncssm.edu/about-ncssm/facts.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-09-19|title=North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics Facts}}
The following universities became four-year institutions after their founding (date each became a four-year institution in parentheses):{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
- East Carolina University (1920)
- North Carolina Central University (1925)
- Winston-Salem State University (1925)
- Western Carolina University (1929)
- Appalachian State University (1929)
- Elizabeth City State University (1937)
- University of North Carolina at Pembroke (1939)
- Fayetteville State University (1939)
- University of North Carolina at Asheville (1963)
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte (1963)
- University of North Carolina at Wilmington (1963)
With the exception of the University of North Carolina at Pembroke and the University of North Carolina School of the Arts, the institutions that joined the University of North Carolina in 1972 did so under their current name. As of 1972, all public four-year institutions in North Carolina are members of the university.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
Affiliates
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;" |
| Name
! Location ! Founded |
|---|
| North Carolina Arboretum
| style="text-align:center;"| Asheville, Buncombe County | style="text-align:center;"| 1989 |
| North Carolina Center for International Understanding
| style="text-align:center;"| Raleigh, Wake County | style="text-align:center;"| |
| North Carolina Center for Nursing
| style="text-align:center;"| Raleigh, Wake County | style="text-align:center;"| |
| North Carolina State Approving Agency
| style="text-align:center;"| Raleigh, Wake County | style="text-align:center;"| |
| North Carolina State Education Assistance Authority
| style="text-align:center;"| Raleigh, Wake County | style="text-align:center;"| |
| UNC Center for Public Media (PBS NC)
| style="text-align:center;"| Research Triangle Park, Durham County | style="text-align:center;"| 1955 |
| UNC Faculty Assembly
| style="text-align:center;"| Chapel Hill, Orange County | style="text-align:center;"| |
| University of North Carolina Press
| style="text-align:center;"| Chapel Hill, Orange County | style="text-align:center;"| 1922 |
| UNC Staff Assembly
| style="text-align:center;"| Chapel Hill, Orange County | style="text-align:center;"| |
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- McGrath, Eileen, and Linda Jacobson. "The Great Depression and Its Impact on an Emerging Research Library: The University of North Carolina Library, 1929–1941", Libraries and the Cultural Record, (2011), 46#3 pp 295–320.
External links
{{Commons category|University of North Carolina system}}
{{NIE Poster|North Carolina, University of|University of North Carolina}}
- {{Cite Collier's|wstitle=North Carolina, University of|short=x}}
{{University of North Carolina}}
{{Authority control}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:North Carolina, University Of}}
Universities and colleges in North Carolina