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:en:Tamisiocarididae

{{short description|Clade of extinct arthropods}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Tamisiocarididae

| image = 20191228 Radiodonta frontal appendage Tamisiocarididae Cetiocaridae.png

| image_caption = Frontal appendages of Echidnacaris briggsi and Tamisiocaris borealis

| authority = Pates & Daley, 2019

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision = * {{extinct}}Tamisiocaris

}}

Tamisiocarididae is a family of radiodonts, extinct marine animals related to arthropods, that bore finely-spined appendages that were presumably used in filter-feeding. When first discovered, the clade was named Cetiocaridae after a speculative evolution artwork, Bearded Ceticaris by John Meszaros, that depicted a hypothetical filter-feeding radiodont at a time before any were known to exist.{{Cite web|url=https://www.deviantart.com/nocturnalsea/art/Bearded-Ceticaris-356974867|title=Bearded Ceticaris by NocturnalSea on DeviantArt|website=www.deviantart.com|date=March 2013 |language=en|access-date=2020-02-18}}{{cite book |vauthors=Kosemen CM |title=All Your Yesterdays |publisher=Irregular Books |year=2013 |page=74}} However, the family name was not valid according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, as no real genus named "Cetiocaris" exists, and in 2019 it was formally replaced by the name Tamisiocarididae, after the only valid genus of the clade at the time. The family is only known from Series 2 of the Cambrian, unlike other radiodont families, which persisted longer into the Cambrian. All known species would have lived in tropical or subtropical waters, suggesting a preference for warmer waters.

Description

Like most radiodonts, cetiocarids have spiny frontal appendages. However, in this family the auxiliary spines are fine and densely-arranged, which are modified for use in filter feeding like modern basking sharks and mysticete whales. For example, Tamisiocaris is estimated to have fed on prey roughly a millimeter in size.

Classification

{{cladogram | caption = Phylogenetic relationships of Tamisiocarididae | clades =

{{clade

|label1=Radiodonta

|1={{clade

|1=Caryosyntrips

|label2=Anomalocarida

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Anomalocarididae

|2=Amplectobeluidae

}}

|2={{clade

|label1=Tamisiocarididae

|1={{clade

|1=Echidnacaris briggsi

|2=Tamisiocaris borealis

}}

|2=Hurdiidae

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

Tamisiocarididae was originally named Cetiocaridae. In the 2013 speculative paleoart book All Your Yesterdays, paleoartist John Meszaros depicted a hypothetical filter-feeding anomalocaridid he named "Ceticaris". This artwork inspired the name of Cetiocaridae. However, as no genus "Cetiocaris" actually exists, the name Cetiocaridae does not comply with article 29 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and is invalid. The family Tamisiocarididae was subsequently devised as a replacement name for the clade.

Cetiocaridae was originally defined phylogenetically as all species more closely related to Tamisiocaris borealis than to Anomalocaris canadensis, Amplectobelua symbrachiata, or Hurdia victoria.

class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"

|+ {{nowrap|Species of Tamisiocarididae}}

scope="col" | Species

! scope="col" | Describers

! scope="col" | Year Named

! scope="col" | Age

! scope="col" | Location

! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Frontal Appendage

Echidnacaris briggsiNedin1995Cambrian Stage 4{{flag|Australia}} 200px
Houcaris saron?Hou, Bergström, & Ahlberg1995Cambrian Stage 3{{flag|China}} 200px
Houcaris magnabasis?Pates, Daley, Edgecombe, Cong, & Lieberman2019Cambrian Stage 4{{flag|United States}} 200px
Tamisiocaris borealisDaley & Peel2010Cambrian Stage 3{{flag|Greenland}} 200px

Distribution

Tamisocaridid fossils have been found in the Emu Bay Shale of Australia, Sirius Passet lagerstätte of Greenland, and Kinzers Formation of the United States. Their fossils date to stage 3 and stage 4 of the Cambrian.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1017/S0016756818000547| volume = 156| issue = 7| pages = 1233–1246| last1 = Pates| first1 = Stephen| last2 = Daley| first2 = Allison C.| title = The Kinzers Formation (Pennsylvania, USA): the most diverse assemblage of Cambrian Stage 4 radiodonts| journal = Geological Magazine| date = 2019 | bibcode = 2019GeoM..156.1233P| s2cid = 134299859| url = https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0016756818000547/type/journal_article}}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1038/nature14256| volume = 522| issue = 7554| pages = 77–80| last1 = Van Roy| first1 = Peter| last2 = Daley| first2 = Allison C.| last3 = Briggs| first3 = Derek E. G.| title = Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps| journal = Nature| date = 2015 | pmid = 25762145| bibcode = 2015Natur.522...77V| s2cid = 205242881| url = http://www.nature.com/articles/nature14256}}

{{cite journal |vauthors=Vinther J, Stein M, Longrich NR, Harper DA |title=A suspension-feeding anomalocarid from the Early Cambrian |journal=Nature |volume=507 |issue=7493 |pages=496–9 |date=March 2014 |pmid=24670770 |doi=10.1038/nature13010 |bibcode=2014Natur.507..496V |s2cid=205237459 |url=http://dro.dur.ac.uk/21270/1/21270.pdf |author-link4=David Harper (palaeontologist) }}

{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1007/s12542-020-00545-4| issn = 1867-6812| last1 = Wu| first1 = Yu| last2 = Fu| first2 = Dongjing| last3 = Ma| first3 = Jiaxin| last4 = Lin| first4 = Weiliang| last5 = Sun| first5 = Ao| last6 = Zhang| first6 = Xingliang| title = Houcaris gen. nov. from the early Cambrian (Stage 3) Chengjiang Lagerstätte expanded the palaeogeographical distribution of tamisiocaridids (Panarthropoda: Radiodonta)| journal = PalZ| year=2021| volume = 95| issue = 2| pages = 209–221| bibcode = 2021PalZ...95..209W| s2cid = 235221043| url = https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12542-020-00545-4}}

}}

Further reading

  • {{cite journal|author=Jiao, D.-G., Pates, S., Lerosey-Aubril, R., Ortega-Hernández, J., Yang, J., Lan, T., and Zhang, X.-G.|date=2021|title=The endemic radiodonts of the Cambrian Stage 4 Guanshan Biota of South China|journal=Acta Palaeontologica Polonica|volume=66|issue=2|pages=255–274|doi=10.4202/app.00870.2020 |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app66/app008702020.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220724205708/https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app66/app008702020.pdf|archive-date=July 24, 2022|url-status=dead}}

External links

  • [https://www.deviantart.com/nocturnalsea/art/Bearded-Ceticaris-356974867 Bearded Ceticaris by John Meszaros]

{{Radiodonta}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q16975582}}

Category:Cambrian arthropods

Category:Prehistoric arthropod families