Émile Mauchamp
{{Short description|French doctor assassinated in Marrakesh (1870–1907)}}{{One source|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Émile Mauchamp
| image = File:أميل موشوم.png
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Pierre Benoit Émile Mauchamp
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1870|03|03|df=yes}}
| birth_place = Chalon-sur-Saône, Saône-et-Loire, France
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1907|03|19|1870|03|03|df=yes}}
| death_place = Marrakesh, Morocco
| nationality = French
| other_names =
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{{Multiple image
| align =
| direction =
| total_width = 320
| image1 = Assassination_of_Dr_Mauchamp_in_Marrakesh_(1907,_Petit_Journal).jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Caption reads: A Frenchman assassinated in Morocco: Doctor Mauchamp, doctor of the Marrakesh dispensary, stoned to death by the natives.
| image2 = In Morocco- the Assassination of Doctor Mauchamp in Marrakesh.jpg
| caption2 = Caption reads: In Morocco: the Assassination of Doctor Mauchamp in Marrakesh
| footer = The assassination of Dr. Mauchamp as depicted in conservative French newspapers Le Petit Journal (left) and Le Petit Parisien (right) in 1907.
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Émile Mauchamp or Pierre Benoit Émile Mauchamp (3 March 1870 – 19 March 1907) was a French doctor assassinated by a mob in Marrakesh, near the pharmacy where he practiced. He was characterized as a "martyr to civilization" in the French press; his death, an "unprovoked and indefensible attack from the barbarous natives of Morocco."{{Cite book|title=A history of modern Morocco|last=Miller, Susan Gilson.|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781139624695|location=New York|pages=75|oclc=855022840}} His death was taken as a pretext by Hubert Lyautey and his forces in taking Oujda, marking the beginning of the French conquest of Morocco.
Biography
= Morocco =
= Assassination =
Mauchamp was beaten to death just outside his medical clinic in Marrakesh on March 19, 1907.{{Sfn|Amster|2013|p=82}} The event was the culmination of anti-European sentiment that was a reaction to the inaction of the Moroccan sultan to counter European influence.{{Sfn|Amster|2013|p=83}}
== Funeral ==
Émile Mauchamp was given a national funeral and was awarded the medal of the Legion of Honour posthumously.
His funeral on April 11, 1907, was attended by a massive crowd including several political figures such as the French Minister of Foreign Affairs Stephen Pichon. Mauchamp's casket arrived at the station of Chalon-sur-Saône at 9 am, draped in the French flag. His coffin was displayed on a catafalque placed in front of the town hall. No fewer than 7 speeches were made. The funeral procession then headed to the Cemetery of the East; shopkeepers lowered their curtains. He was interred in the intimacy of his family, but the citizens had an opportunity to pay their last respects.
File:غلاف جريدة فرنسية بعد اغتيال موشوم.png
File:الطبيب موشوم يمشي في مراكش يوم ما قبل اغتياله.png
File:نهاية الزقاق التي اغتيل موشوم فيها.png
File:في حديقة موشوم بعد النهب.png
File:باب دار الطبيب موشوم المفتوح بقوة.png
File:وضع جثة موشوم في النعش.png
File:يصل نعش موشوم من مراكش إلى الجديدة والحافلة تمر عبر المدينة.png
File:إعادة جثة موشوم إلى فرنسا.png
Monuments
A bronze sculpture by Pierre Curillon placed in Chabas Square in the memory of Dr. Émile Mauchamp was inaugurated on August 21, 1910. The statue features a Moroccan woman extending an arm toward the doctor while holding her son in the other arm. German soldiers stole the statue in World War II. A street in Chalon-sur-Saône leading toward the courthouse still bears his name.
Bibliography
- {{Cite journal|year=1907|title=Dr. Pierre Benoit Emile Mauchamp|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=1|issue=2413|page=785|pmc=2357128|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.2413.785-b}}.
- {{Cite book|title=Murder in Marrakech: Émile Mauchamp and the French Colonial Adventure|last=Katz|first=Jonathan Glustrom|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-253-34815-9|location=Bloomington et Indianapolis|pages=358}}
- Robert Tatheraux, Émile Mauchamp : la vie généreuse et la fin tragique d'un médecin chalonnais, revue « Images de Saône-et-Loire » n° 56 (Noël 1983), pp. 17–19.
- {{Cite book |last=Amster |first=Ellen J. |title=Medicine and the Saints: Science, Islam, and the Colonial Encounter in Morocco, 1877-1956 |date=August 15, 2013 |publisher=University of Texas Press |isbn=978-0292762114}}
References
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Category:French murder victims
Category:20th-century French physicians
Category:People murdered in Morocco