Ōmura, Nagasaki

Ōmura is located in former Hizen Province. It developed in the Edo Period as the castle town of Ōmura Domain, ruled by the local Ōmura clan for over 900 years. It was the site of considerable foreign trade and missionary activity during the late Muromachi period, and the Catholic saint Marina de Omura hails from this city. Due to its proximity to the trading settlement at Dejima in Nagasaki, was one of the first areas of Japan to re-open to foreign contact after the end of the national seclusion policy after the Meiji restoration. In the opera Madama Butterfly, set in nearby Nagasaki, the place name Omara in the line "ed alla damigella Butterfly del quartiere d'Omara Nagasaki" probably refers to Ōmura. From 1868-1945, Ōmura was host to numerous military facilities as part of the Sasebo Naval District, most notably that of a major air base for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service. The former naval base was the location of the squalid"East Asian version of the Nazi concentration camps ... We should not be misled by the facts that it has no gas chambers ..." Hayashi Kōzō, cit. in: Morris-Suzuki, Tessa; Borderline Japan: foreigners and frontier controls in the post-war era; Cambridge 2010; {{ISBN|978-0-521-86460-2}}, p. 167 Ōmura Migrant Detention Center, where mainly Korean refugees—termed "stowaways" (mikkōsha synonymous with "smuggler")—were held until deportation, frequently for several years. Since August 1996 the nearby Ōmura Immigration Reception Center in a modern building serves the same function.Morris-Suzuki, Tessa; Borderline Japan: foreigners and frontier controls in the post-war era; Cambridge 2010; {{ISBN|978-0-521-86460-2}}. Ch. 6

The town of Ōmura and the villages of Ōmura, Nishi-Ōmura, Takematsu, Kayase, Fukushige, Matsubara, Miura, Suzuta were established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. Ōmura annexed Ōmura village on April 1, 1925 and Nishi-Ōmura and Takematsu Village on November 3, 1939. On February 11, 1942 Ōmura merged with Miura, Suzuta, Kayase, Fukushige, and Matsubara to form the city of Ōmura.{{cite web |url= https://www.city.omura.nagasaki.jp/english/history/index.html|title=The History of Omura |publisher= Ōmura City|location= Japan|language= Japanese|access-date= 22 November 2022}} The city was largely destroyed by American bombing in 1944. After the war, Omura hosted Japan's first motorboat racing event in 1952. Additionally in 1975, the city opened the world's first island airport; Nagasaki Airport which is located offshore in Ōmura Bay. The airport was constructed by reclaiming land on Minoshima Island after the island's residents agreed to relocate to replace the former airport which is now used by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.{{cite web |url= https://nagasaki-airport.jp/outline/|title=長崎空港のなりたち|publisher= Nagasaki Airport|location= Japan|language= Japanese|access-date= 22 November 2022}}

Ōmura is located on the eastern shore of Ōmura Bay, at the western foot of the Tara mountain range. The Ōmura Plain is one of the few large areas of flat land in Nagasaki Prefecture and the main urban area is on an alluvial fan of the Kori River and Ojoto River. The eastern part of the city is dominated by the steep mountains of the Tara mountain range, with the 1,076 meter Mount Kyogatake as the highest point, and deep valleys carved by the various rivers.

Nagasaki Prefecture

• Higashisonogi
• Isahaya

Saga Prefecture

• Kashima
• Tara
• Ureshino

Ōmura has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen:Cfa) with hot summers and cool winters. The average annual temperature in Ōmura is {{convert|17.3|C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{cvt|1811.1|mm}} with June and July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around {{convert|28.3|C}}, and lowest in January, at around {{convert|6.7|C}}. Its record high is {{cvt|38.7|C}}, reached on 12 August 2018, and its record low is {{cvt|-6.2|C}}, reached on 25 January 2016.

{{Weather box

|width= auto

|single line = Y

|metric first = Y

|location = Ōmura (1996−2020 normals, extremes 1996−present)

|Jan record high C = 20.3

|Feb record high C = 22.0

|Mar record high C = 25.0

|Apr record high C = 28.3

|May record high C = 31.7

|Jun record high C = 36.2

|Jul record high C = 37.2

|Aug record high C = 38.7

|Sep record high C = 38.1

|Oct record high C = 32.2

|Nov record high C = 26.3

|Dec record high C = 24.9

|Jan record low C = -6.2

|Feb record low C = -4.7

|Mar record low C = -0.9

|Apr record low C = 2.7

|May record low C = 7.7

|Jun record low C = 12.8

|Jul record low C = 18.0

|Aug record low C = 19.1

|Sep record low C = 13.3

|Oct record low C = 7.6

|Nov record low C = 2.1

|Dec record low C = -2.4

|Jan high C = 10.5

|Feb high C = 12.0

|Mar high C = 15.5

|Apr high C = 20.3

|May high C = 24.6

|Jun high C = 27.3

|Jul high C = 30.8

|Aug high C = 32.6

|Sep high C = 29.3

|Oct high C = 24.5

|Nov high C = 18.6

|Dec high C = 12.9

|Jan mean C = 6.7

|Feb mean C = 7.6

|Mar mean C = 10.7

|Apr mean C = 15.2

|May mean C = 19.7

|Jun mean C = 23.3

|Jul mean C = 27.1

|Aug mean C = 28.3

|Sep mean C = 25.0

|Oct mean C = 20.0

|Nov mean C = 14.4

|Dec mean C = 9.0

|Jan low C = 2.9

|Feb low C = 3.5

|Mar low C = 6.2

|Apr low C = 10.8

|May low C = 15.5

|Jun low C = 20.0

|Jul low C = 24.3

|Aug low C = 25.1

|Sep low C = 21.6

|Oct low C = 15.9

|Nov low C = 10.4

|Dec low C = 5.3

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 57.4

|Feb precipitation mm = 77.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 112.6

|Apr precipitation mm = 143.5

|May precipitation mm = 158.0

|Jun precipitation mm = 305.5

|Jul precipitation mm = 305.5

|Aug precipitation mm = 221.1

|Sep precipitation mm = 179.7

|Oct precipitation mm = 94.3

|Nov precipitation mm = 88.3

|Dec precipitation mm = 67.7

|year precipitation mm = 1811.1

|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 8.0

|Feb precipitation days = 8.3

|Mar precipitation days = 10.2

|Apr precipitation days = 9.2

|May precipitation days = 8.7

|Jun precipitation days = 12.7

|Jul precipitation days = 11.0

|Aug precipitation days = 10.2

|Sep precipitation days = 9.0

|Oct precipitation days = 5.8

|Nov precipitation days = 7.9

|Dec precipitation days = 8.1

|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency{{cite web

| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=84&block_no=1084&year=&month=&day=&view=h0

|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）

| publisher = JMA

| access-date = March 30, 2022}}{{cite web

| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=84&block_no=1084&year=&month=&day=&view=h0

|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）

| publisher = JMA

| access-date = March 30, 2022}}}}

Per Japanese census data, the population of Ōmura in 2022 is 98,237 people. Ōmura has been conducting censuses since 1960. Although the city's population declined slightly in the 1960s, Ōmura's population has been growing since 1970.

{{Historical populations

| 1960 | 59,752

| 1965 | 56,425

| 1970 | 56,538

| 1975 | 60,919

| 1980 | 65,538

| 1985 | 69,472

| 1990 | 73,435

| 1995 | 79,279

| 2000 | 84,414

| 2005 | 88,040

| 2010 | 90,528

| 2015 | 92,757

| 2020 | 95,397

|align = none

| cols=2

| footnote = Ōmura population statistics[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/japan/nagasaki/ Ōmura population statistics]

}}

Ōmura has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 25 members. Ōmura contributes three members to the Nagasaki Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Nagasaki 3rd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Ōmura has a mixed economy, with the manufacture of refractory bricks as a major industry. Dairy and poultry farming, as well as cultured pearls are also of importance. However, due to its proximity to the larger urban centers of Nagasaki and Sasebo, Ōmura also serves as bedroom community for both cities.{{Citation needed|date=May 2009}}

Oriental Air Bridge, a regional airline, is headquartered in the city."[http://www.orc-air.co.jp/company/ オリエンタルエアブリッジ株式会社]." Oriental Air Bridge. Retrieved on May 20, 2009. At one time J-Air had its headquarters at the airport."World Airline Directory." Flight International. March 19–25, 2002. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2002/2002%20-%200860.html 80].

Ōmura has 15 public elementary schools and six public junior high schools operated by the town government, and three public high schools operated by the Nagasaki Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private high school. The Nagasaki-based Kwassui Women's University has a campus in Ōmura.

• Nagasaki Airport

File:JR logo (kyushu).svg JR Kyushu - Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen

:{{ric|JR Kyushu|Kyushu Shinkansen|name=}} {{STN|Shin-Ōmura|x}}

File:JR logo (kyushu).svg JR Kyushu - Ōmura Line

• {{Color|#0095d9|■}} {{STN|Matsubara|x|Nagasaki}} - {{STN|Ōmura Rail Yard|x}} - {{STN|Takematsu|x}} - {{STN| Shin-Ōmura|x}} - {{STN|Suwa|x}} - {{STN|Ōmura |x|Nagasaki}} - {{STN|Iwamatsu|x}}

• File:JP Expressway E34.svg Nagasaki Expressway
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|34}}
• {{jct|country=JPN|Route|444}}

• {{flagicon|Japan}} Itami, Hyōgo, Japan
• {{flagicon|United States}} San Carlos, California, USA
• {{flagicon|Japan}} Semboku, Akita, Japan
• {{flagicon|Portugal}} Sintra, Portugal{{Cite web|last=大村市|title=Sister Cities and a Friendly City|url=http://www.city.omura.nagasaki.jp/english/information/sister-cities.html|access-date=2020-06-24|website=大村市|language=en}}

• {{flagicon|People's Republic of China}} Minhang District, Shanghai, China

Ōmura hosted the official 2011 FIBA Asia Championship for Women.{{cite web |url= http://www.japanbasketball.jp//event/fac_women/2011/|title=第24回FIBA ASIA女子バスケットボール選手権 長崎/大村大会兼 2012年ロンドンオリンピックアジア地区予選|publisher= Japan Basketball Association|location= Japan|language= Japanese|access-date= 7 November 2023}}

• Hantaro Nagaoka, Meiji-era physicist
• Anza Ohyama, singer and stage actress
• Masaki Okino, footballer
• Taira Shige, footballer

{{reflist}}

{{commons category|Omura, Nagasaki}}

• {{url|http://www.city.omura.nagasaki.jp/english/index.html|Ōmura City official website}} {{in lang|en}}

{{Nagasaki}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Omura, Nagasaki}}

Category:Cities in Nagasaki Prefecture

Category:Ōmura, Nagasaki

Category:Populated coastal places in Japan