.nyc

New York-based company name.space, founded by Paul Garrin, began operating its own alternative root zone system in 1997 including a .nyc top level domain. name.space applied for inclusion of its .nyc, along with a number of other strings, as TLDs in the IANA root during the 2000 ICANN application round.{{cite web |title=TLD Application for .ads, .agency, .aids, and others |url=https://archive.icann.org/en/tlds/ads1/ |publisher=ICANN |access-date=December 25, 2018}} Its application was refused. Another company, Names@Work, also put in an application in 2000 but withdrew for lack of funding.{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/punkcast1451 |title=NYC Council - .nyc public hearing |year=2008 |publisher=Punkcast |first=Joly |last=MacFie |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

The first municipal support for the .nyc TLD was the Internet Empowerment Resolution passed by Queens Community Board 3, a local planning unit of the City of New York, on April 19, 2001. The Resolution called for the city's Commission on Public Information and Communication or a public interest organization to acquire and develop the TLD.{{cite web |title=Internet Empowerment Resolution |url=http://www.cb3qn.nyc.gov/IER |publisher=Queens Community Board |access-date=December 25, 2018 |date=April 19, 2001 |archive-date=April 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410170617/http://www.cb3qn.nyc.gov/IER |url-status=dead }}

By the mid-2000s interest in gaining local TLDs had arisen in other cities, notably Paris and Berlin. Some of those proponents contacted Thomas Lowenhaupt, the former Community Board member who had introduced the Queens Resolution. In 2007, with the Bloomberg Administration having indicated that it did not intend to apply for the .nyc TLD, Lowenhaupt formed a non-profit 'Connecting .nyc' to acquire and develop the .nyc TLD for community use.{{cite web |url=https://isoc-ny.org/235 |title=ISOC-NY Public Forum – Connecting .nyc – May 21 |publisher=ISOC-NY |date=May 17, 2008 |access-date=December 25, 2018}} On June 6, 2008 Council Member Gale Brewer led the introduction of Resolution 1495-2008 supporting "the local efforts to acquire the .nyc Top Level Domain and urging The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers to approve the City's application in order to meet the needs of city residents via the Internet."{{cite web |title=Res 1495-2008 for the .nyc domain |url=https://legistar.council.nyc.gov/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=452037&GUID=56099F9C-9337-4FBF-9D20-ED4AD9F6E892 |publisher=New York City Council |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

At the ICANN meeting in Paris in July 2008 a green light was given for the development of a new TLD application round, including cities.

On October 17, 2008, Brewer held a public hearing in support of her bill. Witnesses included Lowenhaupt, Antony Van Couvering of Names@Work, and Paul Garrin. Van Couvering proposed that .nyc be run by his company as a purely commercial enterprise, with a portion of the revenue dedicated to benefiting the community. He testified that he was willing to work with Lowenhaupt on community interests. The bill itself would eventually be shelved at the end of 2009.

In her February 12, 2009 State of the City address City Council Speaker Christine Quinn proposed the .nyc TLD as a public-private partnership.{{cite web |last=Quinn |first=Christine C .|title=State of the City Address, Thursday, February 12, 2009 |url=https://council.nyc.gov/press/wp-content/uploads/sites/56/2016/12/2009_speech.pdf |publisher=NYC Council |access-date=December 25, 2018}} names@work, now under the name DotNYC, opened a new dedicated website which reported on Quinn's speech. "The crowd, made up of elected politicians and dignitaries, literally chanted “Dot N – Y – C” at the end of her description of it."{{cite web |url=http://www.dotnyc.net/2009/02/introducing-nyc/ |title=Introducing .NYC |date=February 12, 2009 |publisher=DotNYC.net |access-date=December 25, 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218203525/http://www.dotnyc.net/2009/02/introducing-nyc/ |archive-date=February 18, 2009 |df=mdy-all }} Further press reports were confidently quoted by DotNYC.{{cite web |last=Lombardi |first=Frank |title=City politicians eye '.nyc' domain to generate revenue |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2.1353/city-politicians-eye-nyc-domain-generate-revenue-article-1.393621 |date=February 17, 2009 |publisher=NY Daily News |access-date=December 25, 2018}} These included details that they expected to pay the city a third of all revenue, $3 million per year initially, rising to $10 million a year.{{cite web |title=Press for .NYC |url=http://www.dotnyc.net/2009/02/press-for-nyc/ |publisher=DotNYC.net |access-date=December 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100728023959/http://www.dotnyc.net/2009/02/press-for-nyc/ |archive-date=July 28, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }} In June 2009, DotNYC released a testimonial video of former Mayor Ed Koch saying "DotNYC is the best real estate opportunity since the Dutch bought Manhattan".{{cite web |title=Outstanding support for DotNYC, LLC |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhaKnxJxrhc |publisher=DotNYC |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

Wheels had been put in motion and, on April 15, 2009, the New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications (DoITT) issued a Request for Information (RFI). Connecting.nyc published its response,{{cite news |url=http://www.coactivate.org/projects/campaign-for.nyc/rfi-wiki-workspace/dotNYC-RFI-Response-Connecting-nyc-Inc-May-27-2009.doc |format=DOC |title=Connecting.nyc Inc. RFI submission |date=May 27, 2009 |access-date=December 25, 2018 |archive-date=October 1, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001191141/https://www.coactivate.org/projects/campaign-for.nyc/rfi-wiki-workspace/dotNYC-RFI-Response-Connecting-nyc-Inc-May-27-2009.doc |url-status=usurped }} which called for many names (second level domains) to be reserved for community use. On October 5, 2009 a Request for Proposals (RFP) was issued by the City of New York seeking "services to obtain, manage, administer, maintain and market the geographic Top Domain name .nyc."{{cite web |title=Services to Obtain, Operate, Manage, Administer, Maintain and Market the Geographic Top Level Domain Name .nyc |url=https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/forward/documents/dotnyc/Appendix%20A.pdf |publisher=NYCC.gov |access-date=December 25, 2018}} Notably, conditions included that proposals include a system of ensuring nexus with the city, and also a preliminary list of reserved names including all city precincts, schools, districts, and neighborhoods.{{cite web|url=http://isoc-ny.org/902|title=City issues RFP for .nyc management|date=October 5, 2009|publisher=ISOC-NY}}

In March 2012, name.space reported it had filed for trademark protection on a number of its TLDs, including .nyc.{{cite web |url=http://www.domainpulse.com/2012/03/26/name-space-claims-trademark-protection-over-482-gtlds/ |title=Name.space Claims Trademark Protection Over 482 gTLDs |first=David |last=Goldstein |publisher=DomainPulse |date=March 26, 2012 |access-date=December 25, 2018 |archive-date=December 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226035353/http://www.domainpulse.com/2012/03/26/name-space-claims-trademark-protection-over-482-gtlds/ |url-status=dead }}

In April 2012 the city announced that NeuStar, Inc., a Virginia-based firm, had been selected from the RFP submissions and on June 12, 2012 the City of New York submitted an application to ICANN for the .nyc TLD. Neustar paid the $185,000 application fee.{{cite web |url=https://www.informationweek.com/government/open-government/nyc-to-apply-for-nyc--domain-/d/d-id/1103503 |title=NYC To Apply For .nyc Domain |date=March 22, 2012 |first=Elizabeth |last=Montalbano |publisher=InformationWeek |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

In May 2012 Garrin wrote to local dignitaries protesting the Neustar contract, and asserting name.space's rights to the .nyc TLD.{{cite web |url=https://thevillager.com/2012/05/17/net-pioneer-needs-help-in-fight-for-rights-to-nyc/ |title='Net pioneer needs help in fight for rights to .nyc |date=May 17, 2012 |publisher=The Villager |first=Clayton |last=Patterson|author-link=Clayton Patterson |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

The application on behalf of the city passed initial evaluation at ICANN on May 24, 2013.{{cite web |url=http://newgtlds.icann.org/sites/default/files/ier/f3T5ufeSpeThAJezaxezuDtE/ie-1-1715-21938-en.pdf |title=New gTLD Program: Initial Evaluation Report |publisher=ICANN |date=May 24, 2013 |access-date=December 25, 2018}}{{cite web |url=http://seriouslymedia.com/2013/07/02/12/41/08/new-york-city-gets-own-domain-name-as-icann-approves-nyc/ |title=New York City gets own domain name as ICANN approves ".nyc" |publisher=Seriously Media |date=July 2, 2013 |access-date=December 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160707205506/http://seriouslymedia.com/2013/07/02/12/41/08/new-york-city-gets-own-domain-name-as-icann-approves-nyc/ |archive-date=July 7, 2016 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

ICANN delegated .nyc to the DNS root zone on March 20, 2014.

On March 22, 2013 the .NYC Community Advisory Board was formed. Members include Thomas Lowenhaupt, former ICANN Chair Esther Dyson, and representatives of the local tech and academic community.{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/digital/html/industry/dotnyc.shtml |title=The .NYC Top-Level Domain: www.yourname.nyc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130620223035/http://www.nyc.gov/html/digital/html/industry/dotnyc.shtml |archive-date=June 20, 2013 |publisher=NYC Digital |access-date=December 25, 2018}} It was later disbanded.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}}

{{Reflist|35em}}

• {{official website}}
• [http://www.connecting.nyc Connecting.nyc Inc.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117114039/http://connecting.nyc/ |date=January 17, 2020 }} non-profit promoting public interest in .nyc
• [http://namespace.us/ name.space] alternative root system registrar
• [https://ntldstats.com/tld/nyc .nyc] registration statistics at [https://icannwiki.org/NTLDStats nTLDStats]
• [https://icannwiki.org/.nyc .nyc] at the [https://icannwiki.org ICANN Wiki]

• {{cite web |url=http://isoc-ny.org/242 |title=Connecting .nyc forum video |author=joly |date=May 30, 2008 |publisher=ISOC NY |access-date=December 25, 2018}}
• {{cite web |url=http://isoc-ny.org/441 |title=.nyc hearing (webcast) |work=NY City Council |author=joly |series=Public hearing |date=October 17, 2008 |publisher=ISOC NY |access-date=December 25, 2018}}
• {{cite web |url=http://www.dotnyc.net/ed-koch |title=Former Mayor Ed Koch Supports DotNYC |date=June 11, 2009 |publisher=DotNYC |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 17, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617002156/http://www.dotnyc.net/ed-koch/ |access-date=December 25, 2018}}
• {{cite web |url=http://isoc-ny.org/p2/3117 |title=.nyc contract hearing friday 3/23 @DoITT #newgtlds #nyc #dotnyc |date=March 23, 2012 |author=joly |work=Notice Board |publisher=ISOC NY |access-date=December 25, 2018}}
• {{cite web |url=http://isoc-ny.org/p2/6183 |title=VIDEO: #dotNYC Public Workshop and Info Session #ICANN #newgTLDs @nycdigital |date=December 9, 2013 |work=Notice Board |author=joly |publisher=ISOC NY |access-date=December 25, 2018}}

{{United States top-level domains}}

{{Generic top-level domains}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nyc}}

Category:Top-level domains

Category:Culture of New York City

Category:Domain names in the United States

Category:Internet properties established in 2014