.sj
{{short description|Inactive top level domain country code for Svalbard and Jan Mayen}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox Top level domain
|name=.sj
|background=#CCF
|image=.sj logo update.png
|image_size=100px
|introduced={{Start date|1997|08|21|df=y}}
|type=Country code top-level domain
|status=Inactive, but still in root
|registry=Norid
|sponsor=Norwegian Communications Authority
|intendeduse=Entities connected with {{flagdeco|Svalbard and Jan Mayen}} Svalbard and Jan Mayen
|actualuse=Not in use; authorities decided that use of the {{mono|.no}} domain is sufficient
|restrictions=No registrations are being taken
|structure=Not in use
|document=[https://www.norid.no/navnepolitikk.en.html Policy notice]
|disputepolicy=None
|website=[https://www.norid.no/en/ www.norid.no]|}}
{{mono|.sj}} is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) reserved for the designation Svalbard and Jan Mayen. The domain name registry is Norid, but {{mono|.sj}} is not open for registration. The issuing of the domain was based on the ISO 3166 designation of Svalbard and Jan Mayen, which consists of two separately administrated integrated territories of Norway: the Arctic archipelago Svalbard and the nearly uninhabited volcanic island Jan Mayen. {{mono|.sj}} was designated on 21 August 1997, at the same time as Bouvet Island was allocated {{mono|.bv}}. Both were placed under the {{mono|.no}} registry Norid, which is also the sponsor. Norwegian policy states that {{mono|.no}} is sufficient for those institutions connected to both Svalbard and Jan Mayen, and therefore the domain is not open to registration. It is Norwegian policy not to commercialize domain resources, so there are no plans to sell {{mono|.sj}}. Should the domain later come into use, it will be under regulation of the Norwegian Communications Authority and follow the same policy as {{mono|.no}}. There are two second-level domains reserved for the two areas: {{mono|svalbard.no}} and {{mono|jan-mayen.no}}, but other web addresses are also used.
History
Svalbard and Jan Mayen are two integrated territories of Norway with special status (unincorporated area). The Svalbard Treaty grants Norway full sovereignty of Svalbard,{{cite news |title=Svalbard Treaty |publisher=Governor of Svalbard |url=http://www.sysselmannen.no/hovedEnkel.aspx?m=45301 |access-date=24 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506084337/http://www.sysselmannen.no/hovedEnkel.aspx?m=45301 |archive-date=6 May 2012 }} but the archipelago holds special status as among other things a free economic zone and is not part of the European Economic Area and the Schengen Area.{{cite web |url=http://www.lovdata.no/all/tl-19921127-109-0.html |title=Lov om gjennomføring i norsk rett av hoveddelen i avtale om Det europeiske økonomiske samarbeidsområde (EØS) m.v. (EØS-loven). |publisher=Lovdata |date=10 August 2007 |language=no |access-date=24 March 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212070739/http://www.lovdata.no/all/tl-19921127-109-0.html |archive-date=12 December 2013 }} Jan Mayen is a nearly unpopulated volcanic island in the Atlantic Ocean and is a fully integrated part of Norway.{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/jan-mayen/ |title=Jan Mayen |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |work=World Fact Book |access-date=5 September 2010}} During the establishment of the ISO 3166 codes, it was proposed that Svalbard have its own code, but the Norwegian authorities chose to also include Jan Mayen in the area,{{cite web |url=http://www.unece.org/stats/documents/1998/03/migration/5.e.pdf |title=Country classifications in migration statistics – present situation and proposals for a Eurostat standard |last=Takle |first=Mona Takle |first2=Kåre |last2=Vassenden |publisher=United Nations Statistical Commission and United Nations Economic Commission for Europe |date=March 1998| access-date= 6 September 2010 }} partly because Jan Mayen was administered by the Governor of Svalbard until 1994. Following the ISO codes, {{mono|.sj}} was allocated on 21 August 1997,{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sj.html |title=Delegation Record for .SJ |publisher=Internet Assigned Numbers Authority |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=5 September 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100812043000/https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/sj.html| archive-date= 12 August 2010 }} at the same time {{mono|.bv}} was allocated.{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bv.html |title=Delegation Record for .BV |publisher=Internet Assigned Numbers Authority |date=13 November 2009 |access-date=5 September 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100813161615/https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/bv.html| archive-date= 13 August 2010 }}
In June 2015, Norwegian computer scientist Håkon Wium Lie and the Socialist Left Party proposed using the {{mono|.sj}} domain, along with {{mono|.bv}}, as online free havens. The proposal aims at protecting both the Norwegian authorities and foreign dissidents from surveillance.{{cite news |last=Suvatne |first=Steinar Solås |date=23 June 2015 |title=- Norge sitter på en vanvittig naturressurs |url=http://www.dagbladet.no/2015/06/23/kultur/overvakning/nett/sv/kulturpolitikk/39790064/ |newspaper=Dagbladet |access-date=24 June 2015 |language=no }}
Policy
Management of {{mono|.sj}} lies with the Trondheim-based Norid, which is also the domain name registry for {{mono|.no}} and the unused {{mono|.bv}}. Norid is a limited company owned by Uninett, which is again owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Education and Research.{{cite web |url=http://www.norid.no/omnorid/index.en.html |title=About Norid |publisher=Norid |date=3 August 2010 |access-date=5 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713221259/https://www.norid.no/omnorid/index.en.html |archive-date=13 July 2015 |url-status=dead }} The legal right to manage the domains is two-fold, based both on an agreement with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and regulations under the Telecommunication Act which is supervised by the Lillesand-based Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority.Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority (2002): 26
The policy for use of {{mono|.sj}} is regulated by the Regulation Concerning Domain Names Under Norwegian Country Code Top-level Domains, also known as the Domain Regulation. This regulation also regulates Norway's other two ccTLDs, {{mono|.bv}} and {{mono|.no}}. Should {{mono|.sj}} later come unto use, the same rules and procedures currently regarding {{mono|.no}} would be used for {{mono|.sj}}.Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority (2002): 42 The domain remains reserved for potential future use. Sale of the two unused ccTLDs has not been an item to consider for policymakers, as commercialization of the domain resources is in direct contradiction to Norwegian policy.{{cite web |url=http://www.norid.no/omnorid/bv-sj.en.html |title=The .bv and .sj top level domains |publisher=Norid |date=3 August 2010 |access-date=5 September 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101005074110/http://www.norid.no/omnorid/bv-sj.en.html| archive-date= 5 October 2010 }}
References
{{Reflist}}
=Bibliography=
- {{cite web |url=https://www.norid.no/publikasjoner/no-eller-aldri.pdf |publisher=Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority |title=.no eller aldri... |date=21 March 2002 |language=no |access-date=12 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150713221414/https://www.norid.no/publikasjoner/no-eller-aldri.pdf |archive-date=13 July 2015 |url-status=dead }}
{{ccTLD}}
{{Svalbard topics}}
{{Jan Mayen}}
{{Good article}}
{{Norway top-level domains}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:SJ}}
Category:Country code top-level domains
Category:Council of European National Top Level Domain Registries members