11th G7 summit
{{Infobox summit
| summit_name = 11th G7 summit
| image = Palais Schaumburg.JPG
| caption = Schaumburg Palace in Bonn
| country = West Germany
| dates = May 2–4, 1985
| cities = Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia
| venues = Palais Schaumburg
| follows = 10th G7 summit
| precedes = 12th G7 summit
}}
The 11th G7 Summit was held in Bonn, West Germany between May 2 and May 4, 1985. The venue for the summit meeting was at the former official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn, the Palais Schaumburg.Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit Meetings in the Past.]. Accessed 2009-03-11. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110323151148/http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Archived] 2009-04-29.
The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976),Saunders, Doug. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders,"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011063004/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080704.wG8-analysis05/BNStory/International/columnists |date=2008-10-11 }} Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997. and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).Reuters: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081023185037/http://uk.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUKB26280520080703?sp=true "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?"], July 3, 2008. The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC&dq=G7+summit&pg=PA205 Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.]
Leaders at the summit
File:G-7 Economic Summit Leaders at the Palais Schaumburg.jpg: (left to right) Jacques Delors, Bettino Craxi, François Mitterrand, Margaret Thatcher, Helmut Kohl, Ronald Reagan, Yasuhiro Nakasone, and Brian Mulroney]]
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The 11th G7 summit was the first summit for Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.
=Participants=
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:Rieffel, Lex. [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx |date=June 3, 2010 }} Brookings. March 27, 2009; [http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site).] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602190742/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ |date=June 2, 2010 }}MOFA: [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit (11)]; European Union: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=2007-02-26 }}
| class="wikitable" |
| colspan="4" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |Core G7 members Host state and leader are shown in bold text. |
| style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member ! Represented by ! Title |
| {{flagicon|CAN}}
| Canada |
|---|
| {{flagicon|FRA|1974}}
| France |
| {{flagicon|West Germany}} |
| {{flagicon|Italy}}
| Italy |
| {{flagicon|Japan|1947}}
| Japan |
| {{flagicon|UK}} |
| {{flagicon|US}} |
| rowspan="2" | {{flagicon|European Union}}
| rowspan="2" | European Community |
| Bettino Craxi |
Issues
The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions. Issues which were discussed at this summit included:
- Growth and Employment
- Relations with Developing Countries
- Multilateral Trading System and International Monetary System
- Environment Policies
- Cooperation in Science and Technology
Gallery of participating leaders
=Core G7 participants=
File:Brian Mulroney (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|Canada}} Canada
Brian Mulroney,
Prime Minister
File:President François Mitterrand in 1983.jpg|{{flagicon|France|1974}} France
François Mitterrand,
President
File:Helmut Kohl (1996) cropped.jpg|{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany
Helmut Kohl,
Chancellor (Host)
File:Bettino Craxi Official Portrait.jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} Italy
Bettino Craxi,
Prime Minister
File:Yasuhiro Nakasone 19821127.jpg|{{flagicon|Japan|1947}} Japan
Yasuhiro Nakasone,
Prime Minister
File:Margaret Thatcher (1983).jpg|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} United Kingdom
Margaret Thatcher,
Prime Minister
File:Ronald Reagan 1985 presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|United States}} United States
Ronald Reagan,
President'
File:Jacques Delors (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|EU}} European Union
Jacques Delors,
Commission President
See also
Notes
{{reflist|2}}
References
- Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BqkEAQAAIAAJ&q=G7+summit Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal.] Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. {{ISBN|978-0-7546-1185-1}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43186692 OCLC 43186692]( {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110194051/http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43186692 |date=2012-11-10 }} 2009-04-29)
- Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations.] London: Routledge. {{ISBN|978-0-415-16486-3}}; {{ISBN|978-0-203-45085-7}}; {{OCLC|39013643}}
External links
- No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
- University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca G8 Information Centre]
- [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/1985bonn/index.html G7 1985, delegations & documents]
{{G8 summits}}
{{Presidency of Ronald Reagan}}