12th Cruiser Squadron
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=12th Cruiser Squadron
|image=Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg
|image_size=130px
|caption=
|dates=1914–1915, 1939–1943
|country=United Kingdom
|branch=Royal Navy
|type=
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|garrison=
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
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|battles=
|notable_commanders= Rear-Admiral Rosslyn E. Wemyss
|anniversaries=
}}
The 12th Cruiser Squadron {{cite book|last1=Friedman|first1=Norman|title=British Cruisers of the Victorian Era|date=2012|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|location=Barnsley, England|isbn=9781473853126|page=240|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sOWZBgAAQBAJ&dq=12th+Cruiser+Squadron&pg=PA240|language=en}} also known as Cruiser Force G {{cite book|last1=Elleman|first1=Bruce A.|last2=Paine|first2=S. C. M.|title=Naval Blockades and Seapower: Strategies and Counter-Strategies, 1805–2005|date=2007|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxford, England|isbn=9781134257287|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr9-AgAAQBAJ&dq=Cruiser+Force+G%2C+Royal+Navy&pg=PA91|language=en|chapter=9: World War One: The Blockade}} was a formation of cruisers of the British Royal Navy from 1914 to 1915 and then again from 1939 to 1943.
History
=First formation=
The squadron was first formed 1 August 1914 and was initially assigned to the Channel Fleet as Cruiser Force G patrolling the western Channel until February 1915.{{cite web|last1=Watson|first1=Graham|title=Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment, Inter-War Years 1914–1918: The Grand Fleet|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xGW-RNOrganisation1914-1918.htm#cf|website=www.naval-history.net|publisher=Gordon Smith, 27 October 2015|accessdate=27 February 2018}} The squadron was then reassigned to the Grand Fleet where it remained before being disbanded in February 1915.{{cite book|last1=Jellicoe|first1=Viscount|title=The Grand Fleet (1914–1916): Its Creation, Development and Work|date=2014|publisher=BoD – Books on Demand|isbn=9783954274338|page=11|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1TTKBQAAQBAJ&dq=12th+Cruiser+Squadron&pg=PA11|language=en}}
==Rear-Admiral Commanding==
Included:{{cite web|last1=Watson|first1=Dr|title=Royal Navy Organization in World War 2, 1939–1945|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xGW-RNOrganisation1939-45.htm#24|website=www.naval-history.net|publisher=Gordon Smith, 19 September 2015|accessdate=26 February 2018}}{{cite web|last1=Mackie|first1=Gordon|title=Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865|url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201865-.pdf|website=gulabin.com|publisher=Gordon Mackie, p.214. February 2018|accessdate=26 February 2018}}
| class="wikitable"
! !! Rank !! Flag !! Name !! Term !! Notes | |||||
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#dcdcfe;" | Rear-Admiral Commanding, 12th Cruiser Squadron | |||||
| 1 | Rear-Admiral | 25px | Rosslyn E. Wemyss | 1 August 1914 – 15 February 1915 |
=Second and Third formations=
The squadron reformed in August 1939 initially part of the Northern Patrol of the Home Fleet based at Scapa Flow but was re-designated 11th Cruiser Squadron in October 1939. It re-formed as part of the Mediterranean Fleet in July 1942. It was reassigned from 29 January 1943 to 2 July 1943 when it became a component of Force H and again from 1 October 1943 to December 1943.{{cite web|last1=Watson|first1=Graham|title=Royal Navy Organization in World War 2, 1939–1945:Squadrons, Flotillas and other formations which served in Mediterranean|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xGW-RNOrganisation1939-45.htm#24|website=www.naval-history.net|publisher=Gordon Smith, 19 September 2015|accessdate=27 February 2018}}
==Rear/Vice-Admiral Commanding==
Included:{{cite web|last1=Watson|first1=Dr|title=Royal Navy Organization in World War 2, 1939–1945|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xGW-RNOrganisation1939-45.htm#24|website=www.naval-history.net|publisher=Gordon Smith, 19 September 2015|accessdate=26 February 2018}}{{cite web|last1=Mackie|first1=Gordon|title=Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865|url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201865-.pdf|website=gulabin.com|publisher=Gordon Mackie, p.214. February 2018|accessdate=26 February 2018}}
| class="wikitable"
! !! Rank !! Flag !! Name !! Term !! Notes | |||||
| colspan="6" align="center" style="background:#dcdcfe;" | Rear/Vice-Admiral Commanding, 12th Cruiser Squadron | |||||
| 1 | Vice-Admiral | 25px | Sir Max K. Horton | August - 9 September 1939 | |
| 2 | Rear-Admiral | 25px | W. Frederic Wake-Walker | 9 September 1939 – 28 October 1939 | |
| style=background-color:#F8F8F8
|colspan=6 align=center |squadron disbanded 11/1939 - 06/1942 | |||||
| 3 | Rear-Admiral | 25px | Cecil H. J. Harcourt | July, 1942 – December, 1943 | also FO 2i/c Force H |
References
=Footnotes=
{{Reflist|2}}
=Sources=
- Elleman, Bruce A.; Paine, S. C. M. (2007). "9: World War One: The Blockade". Naval Blockades and Seapower: Strategies and Counter-Strategies, 1805–2005. Oxford, England: Routledge. {{ISBN|9781134257287}}.
- Friedman, Norman (2012). British Cruisers of the Victorian Era. Barnsley, England: Seaforth Publishing. {{ISBN|9781473853126}}.
- Jellicoe, Viscount (2014). The Grand Fleet (1914–1916): Its Creation, Development and Work. BoD – Books on Demand. {{ISBN|9783954274338}}.
- Mackie, Gordon. (2018) "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Gordon Mackie.
- Watson, Dr Graham. (2015) "Royal Navy Organization and Ship Deployment, Inter-War Years 1914–1918: The Grand Fleet". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith.
- Watson, Dr Graham. (2015) "Royal Navy Organization in World War 2, 1939–1945: Overseas Commands and Fleets". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith.
{{Cruiser squadrons of the Royal Navy|state=collapsed}}
Category:Cruiser squadrons of the Royal Navy